Research Plan. 1- Title of research : Study on some environmental problems related to sugar industry 2- Introduction :

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1 ق ال وا س ب ح ان ك لا ع ل م ل ن ا إ لا م ا ع لم ت ن ا إ نك أ ن ت ال ع ل يم ال ح ك يم صدق االله سورة البقرة ا ية العظيم ٣٢

2 Research Plan 1- Title of research : Study on some environmental problems related to sugar industry 2- Introduction : The study introduces some environmental impacts of wastes produced from different sections of sugar plants (milling, refinery, boilers ). and their effects on work places and outdoor environment Special concern lay stress on air pollution of fly ashes, air borne particulate matter and flue gases ( Sox,. Nox, Vocs), their physical and chemical composition that do harm to environment. Emission estimate is determined to compare pollutants concentration values with TLVs (threshold limit value). From the other hand, a prediction of pollutant levels in residential areas, that neighboring to sugar plants were calculated through mathematical modeling. This leads to stand with standard specification of air quality Finally, the collective data help to propose suitable suggestions and recommendation which contribute to reach the most possible safe extent of pollution.

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4 3-Aim of work : First, the study aims to assess the environmental impacts of sugar manufacturing and evaluate risks and hazards that workers expose. Second, a.prediction of pollutant levels in residential areas that neighboring to sugar plants to stand with air quality and verify to what extent these areas has affected from that industrial emissions.

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6 4- Essential assumptions of research : a) To make a survey of environmental impacts that results from industrial emissions released from sugar plants. Also, interpretation of their effects on thousands of workers and residents of neighboring zones.

7 b) Emission estimate of pollutants level is measured to stand with permissible levels allowable in work places and out door environment predications. That is to help in proposing a suitable recommendation and suggestion to limit the pollution domain. c) The study tends to maximize mechanisms of pollution control to reach the most possible required range.

8 5- Necessity of research : a) There exist in upper Egypt nine sugar manufacturing plants where thousands, of workers operate. Each plant is surrounding by residential area. All of them expose to harmful emissions, so industrial waste management is essential b) Studying the physical and chemical composition of fly ashes,air borne particulate matter and flue gases gives rise to know their effects on air, water and land and how to be controlled.

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13 c) To reach the aim of saving energy consumption, this can be achieved through applying some thermodynamic equations to raise bagasse heat value and so depression of fly ashes. d) Suggestions to use collection of fly ashes and particulate in beneficial purposes. This gives an economical return to sugar industry and in turn, negative effects of pollution can be limited

14 Dust precipitation technologies * Cyclones * Multi cyclones * Flue gas condensation units *Electrostatic precipitator( ESP ) - dry ESP - wet ESP * Baghouse filters

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25 6 - Methodology : It includes the following points : 1- Field visits, personal interview with managers and responsible of operation in sugar plants and identification of industrial process and emissions that release in environment 2-Measurement of pollutants concentration in workplaces using.devices and apparatuses.

26 TYPES OF DUST MONITORS Gravimetric dust monitor (personal)

27 Laser dust monitor Exploded Sioutas Cascade Impactor Cascade Impactor

28 Instrument of precipitation rate in g m 2. month

29 Types of Gas Monitor Portable Gas Monitor

30 .. Drager Simultaneous Test Set

31 .. Drager CMS

32 Alcotest R 7410

33 Handy instrument to Measure theconc.of O2, Co, No2 In Stack gases

34 Instrunment measurement of gas emissions from stacks

35 3- Applying equations to calculate pollutant levels and make a Comparsion ( simulation ) between the calculated and measured Values to adapt with (TLVs ), threshold limit values. 4- A prediction of pollutant concentrations to measure the probability of pollutants existence in residential areas that neighboring to sugar plants using mathematical models.

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37 5- Data is tabulated and curves are graphed. 6- Results and discussion. 7- Conclusion. 8- Recommendations. 9-References.

38 * Team work : - PRESIDENT : Prof.Dr.Mahmoud A. AlGhandoor Faculty of Science Assiut University -Supervisor : M. Abu El kassem Faculty of Engineering Assiut University Researcher : Thabet A. Mohmmed - NIOSH - EGYPT