The EU Renewable Energy Framework for Biogas. Giulio Volpi Renewable Energy and CCS Unit DG Energy, European Commission

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1 The EU Renewable Energy Framework for Biogas Giulio Volpi Renewable Energy and CCS Unit DG Energy, European Commission

2 The EU policy, by % -20% 100% 20% Greenhouse gas levels Energy consumption Renewables in energy mix 8,5%

3 Renewable Energy Directive (28/2009) Covering all sectors (power, heating & cooling, transports) Legally binding national targets Improved and more transparent national planning (National Renewable Energy Action Plans -NREAPs) Reformed administrative procedures; certification and information requirements Improved and more cost-effective support systems Sustainability standard for biofuels

4 National renewable energy targets BE BG CZ DK DE EE IE EL ES FR IT CY LV LT LU HU MT NL AT PL PT RO SI SK FI SE UK 2.2% 13% 9.4% 16% 6.1% 13% 17.0% 5.8% 18% 18.0% 25% 3.1% 16% 6.9% 18% 8.7% 20% 10.3% 23% 5.2% 17% 2.9% 13% 15% 23% 0.9% 11% 4.3% 13% 0% 10% 2.4% 14% 23.3% 7.2% 15% 20.5% 17.8% 24% 16% 25% 6.7% 14% 28.5% 1.3% 15% 30% 32.6% 34% 31% 38% 39.8% 40% RES share in 2005 RES share in %

5 consumption (ktoe) Renewable energy share in the three sectors in 27 Member States EU renewable energy share in the three sectors ,31% 34,06% 10,13% 12,57% 15,51% 19,58% 1,39% 5,06% 11,29% Heating & Cooling Electricity Transport Renew able Energy Others

6 Growth and share of renewable technologies ktoe Heat pumps Biomass Wind Tide, wave, ocean Solar Geothermal Hydro Solar, wind and biomass are the technologies progressing most rapidly. Solar and wind develop for electricity generation while biomass remains dominant for the heating sector. Source: European Commission

7 ktoe Technology breakdown - detail Technology Results from the National Renewable Energy Action Plans Other Biofuels Hydrogen Biodiesel Bioethanol Heat pumps bioliquids Heat biogas Heat solid Biomass Heat Solar Heat Geothermal Heat bioliquids Electricity biogas Electricity solid Biomass Electricity offshore onshore Tide, w ave, ocean concentrated solar pow er photovoltaic Geothermal Electricity Hydro

8 GWh Development of renewable energy in electricity in EU 27 Technology breakdown - electricity Tide, wave, ocean Geothermal Electricity Solar electricity Biomass electricity Wind Hydro

9 Biomass in Electricity (ktoe) Bioliquids Biogas Solid Biogas: 5.5 Mtoe (5.3% of RES-E) 14 MS will use significant biogas in electricity by

10 ktoe Technology breakdown heating/cooling Geothermal Heat Solar Heat Heat pumps Biomass Heat

11 Biomass in Heating and Cooling (ktoe) Bioliquids Biogas Solid Biogas: 5 Mtoe (4.5% RES-H) Significant biogas use in 9 MS

12 ktoe Development of renewable energy in transport in EU 27 Technology breakdown Biogas part of other biofuels Up to 0.7 Mtoe (0.2% RES-T) Steep growth after nd generation Hydrogen Other Biofuels Electricity in transport Bioethanol Biodiesel

13 Main RES-E support instruments in the EU-27 Quota obligation Feed-in tarrif Feed-in premium Other instruments than the above Notes: 1) The patterned colours represent a combination of instruments 2) Investments grants, tax exemptions and fiscal incentives are not included in this picture. Finland Sweden Estonia Denmark Latvia Lithuania Ireland United Kingdom Netherlands Germany Poland Belgium Luxembourg Czech Republic Slovakia France Austria Slovenia Hungary Romania Portugal Italy Bulgaria Spain Greece Cyprus Malta

14 EU sustainability criteria for biofuels. GHG saving criteria: at least 35% lifecycle savings (50%-60% from. 2017/18) compared to fossil fuel No conversion of land with high carbon stock» Densely forested areas, wetlands, peatlands. No raw material from land with high biodiversity value» Primary forest, nature protection areas, highly biodiverse grasslands. Have to be met in order to:» Count toward the targets (10% and the 20% )» Count toward obligations (put on suppliers)» Be eligible for financial support (for their consumption)

15 EU recommendation on biomass sustainability.ms to follow broadly the EU biofuels criteria» Exemption for waste» Exemption for small bioenergy plants (below 1 MW).MS to stimulate higher conversion efficiencies» By using bonuses for most efficient end uses.ms to keep records of biomass origin and to monitor small-scale uses.assess effectiveness of EU recommendations by end of 2011 both as regards the internal market and sustainability issues

16 GHG savings for biogas. Illustrative example of co-digestion of 70 % maize, 30 % manure. (wet mass) Biogas to electricity:» Electricity: % savings» Heat: -. Biomethane:» Electricity: % savings» Heat: % heat comparator 87,3 gco2eq./mjth electricity comparator 198,4 gco2eq./mjel. Possible manure emission credits not included

17 2020/2050 Key Challenges» Increasing importance of RES increases requirements on capacity and flexibility of electricity grids power plants energy storage demand side management (~smart)» Energy Roadmap 2050» Renewable Energy Communication on post 2020 (public consultation imminent)» 2012 update on state of internal market

18 Thank you for your attention