Benchmarking Air Emissions Of the 100 Largest Electric Power Producers in the United States

Transcription

1 Benchmarking Air Emissions Of the 100 Largest Electric Power Producers in the United States July 2016 Summary Presentation Report Authors: Christopher Van Atten Amlan Saha Lauren Slawsky Clement Russell Contributors:

2 2016 Benchmarking Report: Key Findings In 2014, power plant SO 2 and NOx emissions were 80 percent and 75 percent lower, respectively, than they were in 1990 when Congress passed major amendments to the Clean Air Act. In 2014, power plant CO 2 emissions were 14 percent higher than they were in However, in recent years, from 2008 through 2014, power plant CO 2 emissions decreased by 12 percent. Some of the factors driving this trend include slow economic growth, energy efficiency improvements, and the displacement of coal generation by natural gas and renewable energy resources. Download the full 2016 Benchmarking Air Emissions report and plant level data at: Mercury emissions from power plants have decreased 55 percent since 2000, and will decline further as the first-ever federal limits on mercury and other hazardous air pollutants from coal-fired power plants went into effect in

3 2016 Benchmarking Report: Rankings by Generation Generation (million MWh; Top 20 Power Producers Shown) Duke Southern NextEra Energy Exelon AEP Tennessee Valley Authority NRG Entergy Berkshire Hathaway Energy* Calpine Coal FirstEnergy 95.4 Natural Gas Dominion 92.9 Oil PPL** US Corps of Engineers Xcel Energy Future Holdings Nuclear Hydro Renewable/Other Dynegy 58.7 PSEG 54.1 Ameren 43.6 DTE Energy 42.8 *On April 30, 2014, MidAmerican Energy Holdings (MidAmerican) changed its name to Berkshire Hathaway Energy. **On June 1, 2015, PPL completed it s spin-off into Talen Energy. 3

4 2016 Benchmarking Report: Emission Contributions SO 2 (million ton) NOx (million ton) Mercury (Hg) (ton) CO 2 (billion ton) 100% Percent of industry emissions 100 largest producers 91% 85% 86% 86% No. of producers 75% % % Air pollution emissions from power plants are highly concentrated among a small number of producers. For example, nearly a quarter of the electric power industry s SO 2 and CO 2 emissions are emitted by just two and four top 100 producers, respectively. 4

5 2016 Benchmarking Report: Rankings by Total Emissions SO 2 ('000 tons) NOx ('000 tons) AEP NRG Southern Duke Energy Future Holdings Tennessee Valley Authority AES General Electric PPL** FirstEnergy AEP Duke Southern Berkshire Hathaway Energy* FirstEnergy NRG PPL** Tennessee Valley Authority Xcel Entergy CO 2 (million tons) Mercury (tons) AEP Duke Southern NRG Berkshire Hathaway Energy* Tennessee Valley Authority PPL** FirstEnergy Energy Future Holdings Xcel AEP Energy Future Holdings NRG Southern Berkshire Hathaway Energy* PPL** FirstEnergy Ameren Xcel DTE Energy Note: Only the top 10 for each category shown. *On April 30, 2014, MidAmerican Energy Holdings (MidAmerican) changed its name to Berkshire Hathaway Energy. **On June 1, 2015, PPL completed it s spin-off into Talen Energy. 5

6 2016 Benchmarking Report: State-by-State CO 2 Emissions Total CO 2 Emissions by State (million tons; top 5 and bottom 5 are shown) Texas Florida Indiana Pennsylvania Ohio All Sources CO 2 Emission Rate (lb/mwh; top 5 and bottom 5 are shown) Kentucky Wyoming West Virginia Indiana Missouri 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 2,072 2,002 1,979 1,978 1,870 Alaska Rhode Island Maine Idaho Vermont Maine Oregon Washington Idaho Vermont Electricity Exporters/Importers (2013 Net Trade Index; top 5 exporters and importers are shown) E X P O R T E R S Vermont Wyoming West Virginia North Dakota Montana % 268% 222% 213% 180% Total in-state supply of electricity as % share of total in-state consumption needs; in-state supply includes international imports. Fossil CO 2 Emission Rate (lb/mwh; top 5 and bottom 5 are shown) North Dakota Montana Kansas Wyoming Nebraska 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 2,379 2,327 2,296 2,261 2,232 I M P O R T E R S Virginia Delaware Massachusetts Idaho Maryland 64% 60% 57% 57% 53% Connecticut Rhode Island Maine California Idaho 1,

7 2016 Benchmarking Report: Annual Trends Electric Sector Emissions (Indexed; 2000 = 100) Generation Fuel Mix (Indexed; 2000 = 100) Macroeconomic Indicators (Indexed; 2000 = 100) Natural Gas NOx SO 2 CO Renewable* Nuclear 106 Coal GDP** Total Generation *Includes hydroelectric, wind, solar, biomass, geothermal and other renewable sources. **GDP in chained 2009 dollars. The electric power sector has made significant progress in terms of reducing its NOx and SO 2 emissions over the past decade. 7

8 2016 Benchmarking Report: CO 2 Emission Shares CO 2 Emissions (million short ton; Top 10 Companies by Fuel Type Shown) 8

9 2016 Benchmarking Report: Change in Portfolio Mix by Ownership Type cooperative privately/ investor owned public power non top-100 U.S. total Coal-fired generation decreased between 2008 and 2014 for most types of producers while electricity from natural gas and renewable energy resources increased. Smaller producers outside the top 100 saw less change across their generation portfolios. 9

10 2016 Benchmarking Report: Rankings by CO 2 Emission Rate (Top 20 Privately/Investor Owned Power Producers) All Sources CO 2 Emission Rate (lb/mwh) ,200 1,600 2,000 Exelon (4) NextEra Energy (3) PSEG (18) Entergy (8) Dominion (12) Calpine (10) GDF Suez (23) Duke (1) Southern (2) FirstEnergy (11) Berkshire Hathaway Energy* (9) Ameren (19) Xcel (15) PPL** (13) NRG (7) DTE Energy (20) Energy Future Holdings (16) AEP (5) Dynegy (17) AES (22) ,075 1,129 1,232 1,384 1,456 1,528 1,532 1,538 1,655 1,656 1,686 1,735 1,894 1,941 Note: Ranking by total generation shown in parentheses next to power producer name. *On April 30, 2014, MidAmerican Energy Holdings (MidAmerican) changed its name to Berkshire Hathaway Energy. **On June 1, 2015, PPL completed its spin-off into Talen Energy. 10