LA , SC.6.E.6.1, SC.6.E.7.2, SC.6.E.7.4, SC.6.E.7.6, SC.6.N.1.1, SC.6.N.3.4

Transcription

1 Lesson 2 Interactions of Earth Systems LA , SC.6.E.6.1, SC.6.E.7.2, SC.6.E.7.4, SC.6.E.7.6, SC.6.N.1.1, SC.6.N.3.4 Skim or scan the heading, boldfaced words, and pictures in the lesson. Identify or predict three facts you will learn from the lesson. Discuss your thoughts with a classmate. The Water Cycle Order the relationship between thermal energy and the physical state of water. Condensation Evaporation water vapor thermal energy absorbed Benchmark Practice Chapter Review Study Guide liquid water Interpret the illustration of the water cycle. Use the terms to the right of the picture in your explanations hydrosphere atmosphere geosphere biosphere Description of Water Cycle Processes 42 Our Planet Earth

2 Lesson 2 Interactions of Earth Systems (continued) Explain five processes that occur within the water cycle. NGSSS Check How do Earth systems interact in the water cycle? SC.6.E.7.4 Process Evaporation Explanation Transpiration Respiration Condensation Changes in the Atmosphere NGSSS Check How does weather show interactions of Earth systems? SC.6.E.7.4 Precipitation Describe factors that influence weather. Factor Air temperature Air pressure Wind Humidity Description Relate how weather is influenced by conditions in the geosphere and the hydrosphere. Study Guide Chapter Review Benchmark Practice Our Planet Earth 43

3 Lesson 2 Interactions of Earth Systems (continued) Differentiate weather from climate. Weather Climate Sequence cause and effect in the formation of a rain shadow. Benchmark Practice Chapter Review Study Guide The Rock Cycle Windward side of a mountain: Result: Climate: Result: Air that crosses to the leeward side is Organize information about the rock cycle. Definition: Rock Cycle Takes place in: Is affected by:. Leeward side climate: Material in the cycle: ; 44 Our Planet Earth

4 Lesson 2 Interactions of Earth Systems (continued) Explain the processes in the rock cycle. Use these terms in your explanations. hydrosphere atmosphere geosphere biosphere Process Explanation Cooling Crystallization Uplift NGSSS Check How do Earth systems interact in the rock cycle? SC.6.E.7.4 Weathering Erosion Deposition Compaction Cementation Infer why the atmosphere, the biosphere, and the hydrosphere do not influence metamorphic rock formation. Analyze It Suppose you are walking to school in the rain. You notice muddy water running down a hill into an animal s burrow. Explain the interactions in this example between each of the Earth systems. Study Guide Chapter Review Benchmark Practice Our Planet Earth 45

5 Review Our Planet Earth Chapter Wrap-Up Now that you have read the chapter, think about what you have learned. Complete the final column in the chart on the first page of this chapter. Use this checklist to help you study. Complete your Foldables Chapter Project. Study this chapter in your Notebook. Study the definitions of vocabulary words. Reread the chapter, and review the charts, graphs, and illustrations. Review the Understanding Key Concepts at the end of each lesson. Look over the Chapter Review at the end of the chapter. THINK ABOUT IT! Summarize It Reread the Think About It question and the lesson Key Concepts. Give one short example of how each of the four systems discussed in the chapter affects each other system. Atmosphere Geosphere: weathering and erosion of rock Benchmark Practice Chapter Review Study Guide Atmosphere Atmosphere Hydrosphere Hydrosphere Hydrosphere Geosphere Geosphere Geosphere Biosphere Biosphere Biosphere Biosphere: Hydrosphere: Biosphere: Atmosphere: Geosphere: Biosphere: Atmosphere: Hydrosphere: Hydrosphere: Atmosphere: Geosphere: Challenge Hypothesize what would happen if any of Earth s systems stopped working. What would be the effect on the other systems? Write a science fiction story about such a scenario. Share your story with your class. 46 Our Planet Earth

6 6 Earth Structures How do Earth s systems interact? SC.6.N.1.1, SC.6.N.3.4, SC.6.E.7.4 You ve learned about the rock cycle and the water cycle. These are just two examples of how Earth systems work together. Each system interacts with the others to help maintain an ecological balance on Earth. What happens if one system is disrupted? Ask a Question How does a change in one system affect other systems? How can you model interactions among Earth systems? Materials beaker water lamp terrarium small fan sand Safety Make Observations 1. Read and complete a lab safety form. 2. Think about Earth s four systems and how they interact with each other. Describe a real-world scenario that shows these interactions. The photos in your textbook show examples of real-world scenarios. 3. Use the materials listed, or make a list of your own materials. Then, design a model of your scenario. Think about the following as you plan your model: How can you represent each of Earth s systems? How will you show the systems interacting? Will your model be self-contained or open to the air? Study Guide Chapter Review Benchmark Practice Our Planet Earth 47

7 Big Idea Lab continued 4. After your teacher approves your design, build your model according to your design plans. Form a Hypothesis 5. After building your model, formulate a hypothesis on how a change in one system might affect the other systems. Benchmark Practice Chapter Review Study Guide Test Your Hypothesis 6. Add or take away something in your model to cause one system to change. Is the change realistic? Could this happen in real life? 7. Observe and record the results immediately after the change occurs. Examine your model again on the following day. Be sure to record the results. Analyze and Conclude 8. Identify Which parts of your model represent each system? 48 Our Planet Earth

8 Big Idea Lab continued 9. Summarize how the change you made to one system affected the others. 10. Interpret Was the change you modeled helpful or harmful? Was it caused by human activities or natural events? Explain. 11. The Big Idea Earth is sometimes described as a rocky planet. Based on what you observed in this lab, does that statement accurately describe Earth? Why or why not? Communicate Your Results Take your classmates on a tour of your model. Point out each Earth system, explain your hypothesis, recreate the change you introduced, and describe your results. Invite your classmates to ask questions and offer suggestions about improving your model. Extension Remember to use scientific methods. Make Observations Ask a Question Form a Hypothesis Test your Hypothesis Analyze and Conclude Communicate Results Conduct research to locate a place where the change you observed in your model has occurred. Find out what impact it had on the living things in the area. Determine if the change is still impacting life in the area. Study Guide Chapter Review Benchmark Practice Our Planet Earth 49

9 Big Idea Lab Notes Benchmark Practice Chapter Review Study Guide 50 Our Planet Earth

10 Study Guide Use Vocabulary Use the vocabulary from the chapter to complete the sentences or answer the statements below. 1. The Earth system containing all living things is the. 2. Use the term mineral in a sentence. 3. Distinguish between rocks and minerals. 4. Conditions in the atmosphere at a given time and place are called. 5. Define the word uplift in your own words. 6. Distinguish between condensation and precipitation. Link Vocabulary and Key Concepts Use vocabulary terms from the chapter to complete the concept map below. The Earth systems is a mixture of gases surrounding Earth. 15. The contains Earth s frozen water. 12. through the processes of The contains Earth s liquid water. interact in the The contains all living things. weathering 17. through the processes of deposition The is the solid part of Earth. erosion Study Guide Chapter Review Benchmark Practice Our Planet Earth 51

11 Chapter 1 Review Understand Key Concepts Circle the correct answer below. 1. Which are two characteristics of minerals? SC.6.E.6.1 A. artificial and organic B. liquid and gas C. living and inorganic D. solid and natural 6. What does the hydrosphere contain? SC.6.E.7.4 A. air B. plants C. soil D. water Benchmark Practice Chapter Review Study Guide 2. What are the major gases of the atmosphere? SC.6.E.7.4 A. carbon dioxide and water vapor B. nitrogen and carbon dioxide C. nitrogen and oxygen D. oxygen and water vapor 3. Which reservoir holds the largest amount of freshwater? SC.6.E.7.4 A. groundwater C. lakes B. ice D. rivers 4. The diagram below shows the water cycle. Which number represents precipitation? SC.6.E A. 1 C. 3 B. 2 D In which layer of the atmosphere does weather occur? SC.6.E.7.2 A. hydrosphere B. mesosphere C. stratosphere D. troposphere The diagram below shows the layers of the atmosphere. The arrow is pointing to which layer? SC.6.E.7.4 Altitude (km) Temperature ( C) A. troposphere B. mesosphere C. stratosphere D. exosphere 8. What is the middle layer of the geosphere? SC.6.E.7.4 A. inner core B. crust C. mantle D. core 9. Rocks are classified according to. SC.6.E.6.1 A. color. B. formation. C. size. D. structure. 52 Our Planet Earth

12 Chapter 1 Review continued Critical Thinking Use the lines below to respond to the following questions. 10. Give an example of how the water cycle impacts the rock cycle. SC.6.E Construct Describe how you might construct a terrarium that models Earth systems. SC.6.E Design Based on what you have learned about the water cycle, design a device for turning salt water into freshwater. SC.6.N Assess How does the geosphere affect organisms that live in an ocean? SC.6.E.7.4 Study Guide Chapter Review Benchmark Practice Our Planet Earth 53

13 Chapter 1 Review continued Critical Thinking Use the lines below to respond to the following questions. 14. Infer How might the distribution of freshwater on Earth change if surface temperatures decreased? SC.6.E Evaluate the relationship between weathering and erosion. How do the processes work together to change Earth s surface? How might the surface be different if only one of these processes occurred? SC.6.E.7.4 Benchmark Practice Chapter Review Study Guide 16. Simplify The diagram below shows the path of one rock through the rock cycle. What terms are missing from the diagram? Use the terms to describe how the rock changed. SC.6.E.6.1 cooling and crystallization melting?? weathering and erosion heat and pressure compaction and cementation? 54 Our Planet Earth

14 Chapter 1 Review continued 17. Create A haiku is a poem with three lines. The lines contain five, seven, and five syllables respectively. Create a haiku that describes interactions among Earth systems. SC.6.E.7.4 Study Guide Chapter Review Benchmark Practice Our Planet Earth 55

15 Chapter 1 Review continued Review the Big Idea 18. How would you describe Earth to a younger student? LA Look at the photo on page 35 in your textbook. What Earth systems do you see? What does each system include? SC.6.E.7.4 Benchmark Practice Chapter Review Study Guide Math Skills MA.6.A.3.6 Use the data in the table below to answer questions Temperature ( C) Maximum Vapor Density (g/m 3 ) The current temperature is 24 C. The water vapor in the air has a density of 5.75 g/m 3. What is the relative humidity? 21. At a temperature of 30 C, the air contains 22.8 g/m 3 of water vapor. What is the relative humidity? 22. Based on the data in the table, what is the relationship between the temperature and the amount of water vapor air can contain? 56 Our Planet Earth

16 Science Benchmark Practice Mark your answer in the answer bubbles below each question. Multiple Choice 1 Which term describes the state of the atmosphere at a certain time and place? SC.6.E.7.6 A climate B weather C troposphere 4 Through which process does water leave the hydrosphere and enter the atmosphere? SC.6.E.7.4 F condensation G deposition H evaporation I precipitation D ozone 2 Which is NOT a process where water vapor is released into the atmosphere? Altitude (km) SC.6.E.7.4 F evaporation G respiration H transpiration I precipitation Use the diagram below to answer question Exosphere Thermosphere Mesosphere Stratosphere 10 Troposphere A Temperature ( C) 3 Earth s ozone layer absorbs solar radiation, protecting the biosphere. Which atmospheric layer includes the ozone layer? SC.6.E.7.4 A A C C B B D D D C B 5 Which Earth systems interact with the geosphere to cause erosion? SC.6.E.7.4 A cryosphere, biosphere, geosphere B hydrosphere, biosphere, cryosphere C cryosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere D biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere Use the image below to answer question 6. 6 Erosion caused by forces in the atmosphere and hydrosphere eventually return sediment to the geosphere. Which process is occurring in the area circled? SC.6.E.7.4 F condensation G deposition H precipitation I transpiration Study Guide Chapter Review Benchmark Practice Our Planet Earth 57

17 NGSSS for Science Benchmark Practice continued 7 Which process recycles water from the biosphere to the atmosphere? SC.6.E Which two systems contain all of Earth s water? SC.6.E.7.4 A condensation F geosphere and hydrosphere B deposition G biosphere and atmosphere C precipitation H cryosphere and hydrosphere D transpiration I geosphere and biosphere 8 Which two Earth systems influence weather? SC.6.E.7.4, SC.6.E.7.6 Use the figure below to answer question 11. F geosphere and hydrosphere G cryosphere and atmosphere Benchmark Practice Chapter Review Study Guide H biosphere and geosphere I hydrosphere and the cryosphere Use the diagram below to answer question 9. 9 What process is shown above by the interaction of the hydrosphere, the geosphere, and the atmosphere? SC.6.E.7.4 A tectonic plate movement B evolution C the rock cycle D the water cycle 11 What phenomenon describes how mountains can affect the amount of precipitation an area receives? SC.6.E.7.4 A rain shadow effect B climate C weather D Gulf Stream 12 Which process occurs when water returns from the atmosphere to the geosphere? SC.6.E.7.4 F condensation G precipitation H transpiration I respiration 58 Our Planet Earth

18 Benchmark Mini-Assessment Chapter 1 Lesson 1 Multiple Choice Bubble the correct answer. Use the image below to answer questions 1 and The Earth system that is made of soil, rock, and metal is called the SC.6.E.7.4 Altitude (km) Highest concentration of ozone 10 E Temperature ( C) 1. Which layer contains most of the mass in the atmosphere? SC.6.E.7.4 A Layer B B Layer C C Layer D D Layer E 2. Which statement is true? SC.6.E.7.4 A B F Layer B blocks solar radiation. G Layer D contains weather. H Temperatures are lowest in layer B. I Temperatures decrease with altitude in layer D. C D A atmosphere. B biosphere. C geosphere. D hydrosphere. Salt water (ocean) 97% Total water on Earth Freshwater 3% Fresh surface water 1% Groundwater 20% Swamps 11% Rivers 2% Ice caps and glaciers 79% Freshwater Lakes 87% Fresh surface water 4. In the image above, which contains the largest percentage of freshwater? SC.6.E.7.4 F ice G oceans H rivers I swamps Extend Your Learning Turn the page to Learn Out Loud Study Guide Chapter Review Benchmark Practice Our Planet Earth 59

19 Think, Discuss, Share Benchmark Practice Chapter Review Study Guide From My Teacher 60 Our Planet Earth

20 Benchmark Mini-Assessment Chapter 1 Lesson 2 Multiple Choice Bubble the correct answer. C120-05A-MSS12-A.ai Rain shadow Wind Windward Leeward 3. Where do most changes in the atmosphere take place? SC.6.E.7.4 A geosphere B hydrosphere 1. In the image above, what is the climate on the leeward side of the Sierra Nevada range? SC.6.E.7.6 A cold B dry C hot C stratosphere D troposphere Snow C Rain B D wet 2. Sheila sees that part of a limestone building in town has been worn away. This building was affected by the process of SC.6.E.6.1 F crystallization. G deposition. H uplifting. I weathering. D Lake E A Ocean 4. Thermal energy is lost during which process shown in the diagram? SC.6.E.7.4 F Process A G Process B H Process C I Process D Extend Your Learning Turn the page to Learn Out Loud Study Guide Chapter Review Benchmark Practice Our Planet Earth 61

21 Think, Discuss, Share Benchmark Practice Chapter Review Study Guide From My Teacher 62 Our Planet Earth

22 Notes Study Guide Chapter Review Benchmark Practice Weathering and Soil 63