ITM Power plc High Power Density Fuel Cells Dr Simon Bourne, Technology Director Technical Forum, Hannover Messe 2011

Transcription

1 ITM Power plc High Power Density Fuel Cells Dr Simon Bourne, Technology Director Technical Forum, Hannover Messe 2011 ITM ITM POWER Final Hannover Results Messe, Presentation, July 2010

2 ITM Power plc High Power Density Fuel Cells Dr Simon Bourne, Technology Director Technical Forum, Hannover Messe 2011 Contents Introduction The Big Application Performance & Methods of Analysis ITM s Materials Technology Results Snapshot Outlook ITM ITM POWER Final Hannover Results Messe, Presentation, July 2010

3 Company Positioning Energy Storage Clean Fuel Essential Technology & Systems Capture intermittent energy from renewables Use hydrogen as an energy store Generate electricity when needed Zero carbon fuel for transport Initial electrolyser products for existing markets ITM s four electrolyser product platforms (from left to right: HLab, HBox, HPac and HFlame)

4 ITM s Suite of Membrane Materials A Key Component in the Hydrogen Supply Chain A low cost, high efficiency membrane Hydrocarbon materials Cross-linked structure In-house formulation control Ease of production Acid/alkali chemistries possible Patented worldwide

5 Hydrogen An Ideal Fuel? Electrolyser Fuel Cell The chicken & the egg An electrolyser consumes electricity to split water into H 2 & O 2 gases A fuel cell consumes H 2 and O 2 gases to generate electricity An electrolyser supplied with renewable energy generates green H 2 Hydrogen & Oxygen Electricity In Electrolyser Fuel Cell Electricity Out Water

6 Fuel Cells The Big Application ITM ITM ITM POWER POWER Final Open Hannover Hannover Results Day Messe, Presentation, Messe, July 2010

7 Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles Automotive FC Membrane Market Potential 50 million cars made per year globally Average Power is 100kW 6.6 m 2 per vehicle at 1.5W/cm 2 Represents a total of 333million m 2 of membrane sales Nafion costs $500/m 2 representing $166bn total market

8 Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles Hydrogen Cars Serious traction envisaged around 2015 Air quality may drive early adoption Commercial fleet early adoption Daimler GM Honda /yr 10,000/yr 100,000/yr ,000/yr 100,000/yr 250,000/yr Commercialisation Hyundai 1000/yr >100,000/yr Ramp up Purpose design FC hybrid vehicles Trials, conversion design cars and niche vehicles Potential trickle to London 10,000/yr per manufacturer

9 Hydrogen Refuelling Infrastructure Hydrogen Cars Infrastructure Germany leads the way FC Vehicle LoI signed 2009 H 2 infrastructure MoU signed 2009 Commitment to H 2 refuelling infrastructure 2015 commitment to FC vehicle roll out in Germany Letter of understanding signed 2009 H 2 -mobility project for infrastructure in Germany MoU signed 2009

10 Performance Analysis ITM ITM POWER Final Proton Hannover Results Motor Messe, Presentation, Fuel 2011 Cell, 24 th 30 November July

11 Key Performance Criteria Fuel Cell Performance Efficiency, cost & longevity Higher efficiency => Greater range or smaller tank Higher power density => Lower cost Higher power density => Smaller & lighter Reduced catalyst loading => Lower cost Heat Hydrogen Electricity Fuel Cell Oxygen/Air Water

12 Key Performance Criteria The Membrane Catalyst Interface Everything in the right place at the right time Catalysts are used to promote the forward reaction Catalyst must be in contact with: 1. Ionic conductor (membrane) 2. Electronic conductor (electrode) 3. Reactant (hydrogen or oxygen) Electrodes must be permeable to reactants & products Membrane must conduct ions not electrons Membrane must have a low hydrogen permeability

13 Key Performance Criteria The Classic Polarisation Curve Low voltage, high current devices Voltage diminishes with current draw Zone 1: Catalyst & Gas Permeability Zone 2: Membrane Resistance Zone 3: Mass Transport Restriction Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Typical operating point mV Multiple cells used in a stack

14 Z'' Key Performance Criteria Resolving the Mechanisms Numerous processes taking place simultaneously Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Varying frequency AC Devise an equivalent electrical circuit Cell24_12_EISat0.5A_O2.z FitResult Each element represents a key process or mechanism Electrical & Ionic Resistance (Rm) Catalytic Effectiveness (Rct) L1 R m R ct Ws CPE ct 0 Element Freedom Value Error Error % L1 Free(+) E-07 N/A N/A R m Free(+) N/A N/A R ct Free(+) N/A N/A Ws-R Free(+) N/A N/A Ws-T Free(+) N/A N/A Ws-P Free(+) N/A N/A ITM ITM POWER Final Hannover Results Messe, Presentation, July Z'

15 ITM Membrane Materials ITM ITM POWER Final Hannover Results Messe, Presentation, July 2010

16 Membrane Platform A Suite of New Membrane Materials ITM s unique selling propositions are: Ability to vary component chemicals to achieve desired properties Functional properties can be varied over a wide range High water content: high conductivity Cross linked: high resistance to dissolution Examples only: H 2 C N H 2 C N O C H 2 O CH 3 O NH S Acrylonitrile Vinyl pyrrolidinone AMPSA Allyl methacrylate CH 3 O OH H 2 C CH 3 O O CH 2

17 Membrane Development Process 5 Years in the making: Monomer Selection Low cost Available in bulk Miscible with one another Quantify Trial Material Ionic conductivity Equilibrium water content Mechanical properties Fuel cell performance Quality Control Purification Measurement Feedback to define acceptable ranges Reformulation Discard failures Review ratio of ingredients Create matrix of formulations Polymerise & test Initial Formulation High ionic content Homogeneous mixing Polymerisable Tolerable mechanical properties Map Properties Establish relationships between ingredients and key functional properties

18 Membrane Development Process Membrane Engineering 5 years of development: Establish important properties Initial formulation used to cover wide range Identify peaks in target properties Reformulation to explore local maxima Over time, develop a map of performance Goal is to maximise all key properties together

19 Hydrophilic component Membrane Development Process Membrane Engineering Example: Modify equilibrium water content Gel Very high conductivity Low mechanical integrity High gas permeability Flexible Polymer Intermediate water content and conductivity Excessive expansion controlled by cross-links Optimisation Flexible Polymer High water content Large expansion on hydration Intermediate conductivity Stiff Polymer Low water content Low conductivity Mechanically very robust Cross-linking component

20 Membrane Development Process The ITM Fabrication Process Detailed QC experience underpins entire process Ultimate material properties can be modified by: Formulation Polymerisation route Hydration process Catalyst may be incorporated during the polymerisation process Input Low cost, hydrocarbon monomers Chemical Purification Mixing Polymerisation Hydration Output High value membrane or MEA

21 Results Snapshot ITM ITM POWER Final Hannover Results Messe, Presentation, July 2010

22 MEA Performance Hydrogen & Oxygen 30 psi

23 Membrane Performance Early Benchmarking Early comparison with existing materials Identical polarisation tests ITM & Nafion 212 Same cells, conditions and GDL Pressed contact only Hydrogen/Oxygen ITM membrane ~120um thick

24 Power Density (mw/cm 2 ) Membrane Performance The Fuel Cell MEA Research & development challenges Very high power density possibly highest recorded Ultra high current density Thermal balance 6000 Water management 5000 Catalyst loading Longevity Nov'05 Jan'06 March'06 May'06 July'06 Sept'06 Nov'06 Jan'07 March'07 May'07 July'07 Sept'07 Nov'07 Jan'08 Mar'08 May'08 July'08 Sept'08 Nov'08 Jan'09 Mar'09 May'09 July'09 Sept'09

25 Fuel Cell Development Path The Fuel Cell MEA Research & development Existing early stage project to evaluate performance with air Targeting the automotive sector More comprehensive membrane & MEA characterisation Carbon Trust have provided additional grant funds to extend project Seeking commercial partners: Characterise membranes & MEA s to industry protocols Seek input to development direction Avoid reinvention Independent analysis

26 Outlook Strong Technology Platform ISO accreditation for both UK sites CE marked electrolyser product range commercial launch this week Undertaking the UK s largest hydrogen transport trial with 21 commercial partners A step change in fuel cell power density with oxygen Excellent early fuel cell results with air Seeking commercial partners to contribute to development direction Please visit us on stand B60 ITM ITM POWER Final Hannover Results Messe, Presentation, July 2010

27 Legal Statement Neither the information contained in these written materials nor any accompanying oral statements constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of offers to buy securities of ITM Power plc (the Company ). All information presented with respect to the existing business and the historical operating results of the Company and estimates, projections and forward-looking statements, if any, as to future operations are based on material prepared by management of the Company and involve significant elements of subjective judgment and analysis which may or may not be correct. In particular, while the information in these written materials is believed to be accurate it has not been subject to independent audit verification. Such estimates, projections and forward-looking statements, if any, reflect various assumptions of management concerning the future performance of the business of the Company, and are subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond the control of the Company. Accordingly there can be no assurance that such estimates, projections and forward-looking statements will be realized. The actual results may vary from the anticipated results and such variations may be material. Neither the Company nor any of its directors, officers, employees or advisers make any representation or warranty, express or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of the information delivered to you, and nothing herein is, or shall be relied upon as, a representation or warranty with respect to past or future facts or results. This information is made available to you on the basis that you have confirmed to us that you are an "accredited investor" as defined in Rule 501(a) of Regulation D of the Securities and Exchange Commission. ITM ITM POWER Final Hannover Results Messe, Presentation, July 2010