Summary of CIMT Information For CeNCOOS October 10, 2007 Long Marine Laboratory, UCSC

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1 Summary of CIMT Information For CeNCOOS October 10, 2007 Long Marine Laboratory, UCSC Mission: The Center for Integrated Marine Technologies (CIMT) mission is to create a coastal ocean monitoring program that links new technologies and data across disciplines of marine science to address key questions for the management and conservation of California coastal marine resources. These technologies are being used to investigate the critical linkages among: Physical forcing mechanisms, The availability of critical nutrients, The distribution, abundance and species composition of phytoplankton and zooplankton, and The distribution, abundance and species composition of top-level consumers including fish, seabirds, marine mammals and sea turtles. This comprehensive interdisciplinary approach will serve as a model for integrated coastal ocean observing systems and establish the scientific basis for the effective monitoring and management of coastal fisheries and protected resources, especially those of the Monterey Bay region. Vision: The Center for Integrated Marine Technologies vision is to understand the relationship between the physical dynamics and productivity, from wind to whales, of California's coastal ocean. Project Themes: a. Water Quality i. Nearshore/offshore bacteria ii. HABs b. Marine Populations i. Critical prey hotspots ii. Larval dispersal iii. Sea lion fishery samplers iv. Climate variability and change c. Marine Operations i. Wind page ii. Oil spills iii. Offshore aquaculture 1

2 Collaborations: University of California Santa Cruz Program Manager: Griggs & Coordinator: Robison (Bruland, Carr, Costa, Croll, Edwards, Kudela, Marinovic, Silver) University of California Davis, Bodega Bay Marine Labs (Largier) Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (Chavez) Moss Landing Marine Labs (Harvey) Naval Postgraduate School (Paduan & Rosenfeld) Cornell University (Clark) Jet Propulsion Labs (Chao) Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary (Lonhart) National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Center (Benson) Naval Research Labs (Lind) Data Sets In its final report, the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy proposed a list of core variables to be measured by the national IOOS. CIMT currently measures 23 of 36 relevant variables (excluding variables concerning ice). In addition, CIMT measures 13 of 19 provisional IOOS core variables that should be measured by the national backbone for detection or prediction of phenomena of interest. Shipboard (See Figure 1): Cost $300,000-$400,000/yr Equipment: R/V John Martin & R/V Fulmar; trucker trawl; echosounder Data Management: UCSC DMAC compliant MYSQL database, LAS & OPeNDAP Loss: No surveys The ship survey working group provides synoptic data sets of the Monterey Bay region by making simultaneous measurement of the following parameters during monthly oceanographic cruises: Sea surface temperature Water temperature with depth Macronutrient distribution and abundance Micronutrient distribution and abundance Sea surface chlorophyll Sea surface and profiled optical properties Phytoplankton community structure Zooplankton abundance and distribution Zooplankton community structure Schooling fish distribution and relative abundance Seabird distribution and abundance Marine mammal distribution and abundance CIMT shipboard surveys are conducted nine months of the year, utilizing existing grids of transects (5 12 nautical miles in length) spaced 3 nautical miles apart. CIMT survey methodology has been reproduced with the Point Reyes Bird Observatory, and all the CA National Marine Sanctuaries (Monterey Bay, Channel Islands, Gulf of Farallones, and Cordel Bank). 2

3 Survey grids can be modified. Two lines (3 & 5) from the ship surveys currently run through the two offshore MPAs. See climatologies (attached) for initial analysis. Figure 1: Location of CIMT ship survey transect lines (values indicate zooplankton abundance) and green stars show CIMT sample stations. 3

4 Remote Sensing/Apex Predator: Cost $114,000 Equipment: Floating figure/dock; Aluminum platform; Squeeze case Data Management: Infrastructure for Tagging Animals (Sea Lions) within Tagging of Pacific Predators (TOPP) program Loss: remote-sensing activities (airborne, satellite and animal tagging) within MBNMS The role of the CIMT remote sensing group is to provide remotely sensed products (airborne, satellite and animal tagging) within the MBNMS. We are routinely producing products including: Sea Surface Temperature (SST) from AVHRR and MODIS Chlorophyll biomass from SeaWiFS Light attenuation (K 490 ) from SeaWiFS Colored dissolved material (CDM) from SeaWiFS Temperature profiles, dive profiles, and movement data from tagged sea lions Airborne estimates of ocean color, temperature, and atmospheric properties This portion of the CIMT project establishes the relationship between remote and directly sensed physical and biological oceanographic processes and the distribution and movement of apex predators. In the short-term, it will provide us with an understanding of the location and dynamics of apex predator foraging habitat; ultimately, it will provide a basis from which to predict the effects of the climate variability on the dynamics of apex predator distribution and abundance patterns a key goal of resource managers. The goal of the tagging group is to quantify the forging and diving behavior, food habits, and at-sea distribution of California sea lions, sea turtles, blue and humpback whales. This portion of the CIMT project seeks to establish the relationship between remote and directly sensed physical and biological oceanographic processes and the distribution and movement of apex predators. Near Shore Water Quality Sampling: Cost $90,000 Data Management: UCSC Loss: sampling effort and NEOCO assets; maintenance of SC wharf CTD The near shore water quality sampling component is composed of weekly samples taken at the Santa Cruz wharf by UCSC, PISCO & at the Bodega Marine Labs (previously known as NEOCO). Wharf sampling consists of nutrients, HABs and indicator bacteria. This effort works closely with the Cal-PReEMPT (California Program for Regional Enhanced Monitoring for PhycoToxins) and California Department of Health Services. A CTD is also maintained at the Santa Cruz Wharf. Database: Cost $25,000 (maintain current method) Loss: database upgrades and compliance with IOOS standards; data download of ship surveys Database progress has been slowed due to losing our database manager during FY05. Every effort has been made to hire a replacement for this role. Database efforts have been maintained through CIMT PI (Kudela) including up-to-date data inventory of CIMT ship board surveys in a MySQL database, these data sets are available for download on-line at Further efforts have been made to maintain the current LAS at through collaboration with Dave Foley at NOAA Coastwatch. This six-month interval was challenging for the database part of CIMT. We identified and hired a contractor (February 2007) to work on 4

5 the CIMT project, but he subsequently declined to renew the contract, in large part because of inadequate funding. Despite these challenges, we completed a review of our hardware/software structure and database strategy, and are well positioned to improve the database if funds become available. We continue to upload shipboard data into our system, which is OPeNDAP compliant. Outreach: Cost $133,000/yr Loss: Academic Coordinator and Graphic Designer; outreach materials; web site maintenance; time; resources; online products developed & maintenance; GIS The approach of CIMT outreach is to develop strong linkages between the CIMT researchers and product end users by improving upon the dissemination of data sets and the creation of effective research and education tools. The major components of CIMT outreach include: 1) identification of public, governmental and academic end users; 2) development of relevant data products and visualizations for identified end users; 3) coordination of CIMT outreach activities with those of CeNCOOS; 4) increasing awareness of IOOS data products to the general public; and 5) maintaining a transparent collaboration with CeNCOOS. During FY05, COTS funds were not available but partial support was made available from CeNCOOS to partially maintain outreach and data management programs. CIMT concentrated efforts in folding data sets into the regional association of CeNCOOS. The role of the outreach coordinator evolved into an academic coordination position and shared staff time with CeNCOOS to provide administrative, outreach, coordination and overall program support. Goals and objectives of the outreach component include: Coordinating CIMT researchers with continued identification of end user groups; Maintaining and expanding outreach tools to address end user needs, identifying gaps in knowledge to further expand CIMT s ocean observing capabilities, and training end users on CIMT products; Continuing collaborations with CeNCOOS to identify the best transition into an operational OOS through providing staff time and institutional support and resources; Creating informational CIMT fact sheets geared toward end user needs,; Developing an ocean observing educational exhibit within the Seymour Marine Discovery Center at the University s Long Marine Laboratory; Maintaining and re-designing as necessary the CIMT web site; Partnering with CeNCOOS in the development of a regional outreach strategy; Continuing to support CIMT researchers in the development of user products Maintaining CIMT Coordination and Graphic Specialist positions Mooring and Passive Acoustics (See Figure 2): Cost Mooring $175,00-200,000/yr & Cost Passive Acoustics $66,000/yr Equipment: MBARI mooring; 3 bottom mounted buoys Data Management: M0 supported by MBARI; Bioacoustics post-processed by Cornell Loss: Moorings removed The mooring effort is a collaborative effort of MBARI (mooring development, deployment and data processing), NPS (data processing of meteorological and physical measurements) and UCSC (echosounder data processing). The M0 mooring is 5

6 equipped to sample real-time and sends data back to MBARI via the Shore Side Data System (SSDS). Passive Acoustic Monitoring: Since 2004, we have used a bottom-mounted autonomous passive acoustic system to monitor bioacoustics (a core IOOS variable) in the Monterey Bay study area. These data allow us to track the abundance of apex predators such as large whales, and whale abundance patterns can be correlated with biotic and abiotic factors. In addition, this system provides a continuous record of vessel traffic and human-produced low frequency sound in the study area and thus will establish a reliable near-shore acoustic monitoring system in the nearshore coastal zone. HF Radar Group Activities: Cost $90,000 Loss: no product development support for COCMP High Frequency (HF) radar group has created a robust, real-time data system that has provided continuous, hourly surface ocean current maps over Monterey Bay since August CIMT extends and enhances the capabilities of the basic mapping system, which is under development by the State's Coastal Ocean Currents Monitoring Program (COCMP). Although COCMP funding is extensive, that project's responsibilities are also extensive. They include extending the real time surface current mapping capabilities to the entire state. Technical support under COCMP is limited to the tasks involved with locating new coastal radars, monitoring real-time data flow, and archiving the derived velocity and raw spectral data sets. Product development beyond the basic, quality controlled hourly velocity maps, is not funded under COCMP. Modeling & Forecasting: UCSC Cost $80,000-$110,000 & JPL Cost $106,000 Loss: no further ecosystem modeling support; cruise synthesis and ROMs support through CIMT; real-time wind page A key goal for CIMT Modeling and Forecasting is to utilize observational data sets to generate accurate predictive models to forecast change in the physical and biological components of the greater Monterey Bay ecosystem. Because the modeling process requires input from all of the CIMT working groups, modeling products help to integrate the various components of CIMT. The modeling group has identified three goals critical to CIMT's mission: To provide a near real-time estimate of physical conditions of the greater Monterey Bay area for public inspection and utilization To hindcast estimates of the physical state during cruise-specific periods for CIMT-related analyses To explore through modeling and synthesis activities the direct and indirect connections between the physical forcing and ecosystem response. 6

7 Value assets to CeNCOOS & the RCOOS proposal UCSC o Ship Surveys ecosystem connectivity, water quality, HABs, reproducible methodology being used throughout state o Remote sensing ecosystem connectivity o Outreach & Coordination legacy of knowledge through development of OOS, graphic design and production of OOS materials, education, contacts, end user efforts o Modeling ecosystem, larval dispersal o UCSC Environmental Studies program provides GIS development and support to ecosystem processes and integration of data sets Cost $792,000 o Ship Surveys - $350,000 o Water quality/hab - $90,000 o Remote Sensing - $50,000 Animal Tags - $64,000 o Outreach and Coordination - $133,000 o Modeling - $80,000-$110,000 o GIS - $15,000 7

8 CIMT Data Sets o Wind Vectors Air Temperature Barometric Pressure Relative Humidity Hyperspectral Downwelling Irradiance Hyperspectral Upwelling Irradiance PAR Temperature (SST, at depth) Salinity Chlorophyll Macronutrients (Nitrate, Silicate) Micronutrients (Iron) Phytoplankton Abundance/Distribution/Community Structure Zooplankton Abundance/Distribution/Community Structure Currents at Depth (ADCP) Surface Currents Delta pco2 (air-surface) CDOM Fluorescence Backscatter Seabird Distribution and Abundance Marine Mammal Distribution and Abundance Sea Turtle Distribution and Abundance Schooling Fish Distribution and Relative Abundance Zooplankton Backscatter Raw Fluorescence TSS HAB species POC, PON IOP Qualitative Sediment Load Cloud-cover CA Sea Lion Range Temperature/Dive Profiles & Chl Biomass from Tagged Sea Lion o M0 (Continuous) Shipboard Underway (Monthly) Shipboard Station (Monthly) HF Radar Satellite Remote Sensing 8

9 Climatology Total Backscatter Overall Average: Total Zooplankton Soquel Canyon: Total Zooplankton Portuguese Ledge: Total Zooplankton NASC m 2 /nmi Jan Mar May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov

10 Climatology Krill Backscatter Overall Average: Krill Soquel Canyon: Krill Portuguese Ledge: Krill NASC m 2 /nmi Jan Mar May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov

11 Climatology Fish Backscatter Overall Average: Fish Soquel Canyon: Fish Portuguese Ledge: Fish NASC m 2 /nmi Jan Mar May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov

12 At-sea Seabirds per km 2 Average Seabirds per km Jan March May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Beachcast Seabirds per km Average Seabirds per km Jan March May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov

13 Beachcast / At-sea Seabirds Ratio of At-Sea Seabirds vs. Beachcast Seabirds Jan March May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov