Nuclear Decommissioning Authority

Transcription

1 Nuclear Decommissioning Authority Ten Years of the NDA, Decommissioning of Nuclear Installations: Strategies, Practices and Challenges Moscow, Russian Federation 9-11 November 2015 John Mathieson Head of International Relations NDA

2 The NDA The NDA Estate Sellafield Dounreay Magnox LLWR Geological Disposal The future Overview Chaplecross Cooling Towers

3 UK Nuclear History Magnox Calder Hall 1956 WAGR Construction Dounreay Windscale Piles THORP Fuel pond Wylfa NPP 3

4 NDA established 2005

5 Roles and responsibilities policy strategy delivery 5

6 NDA mission Deliver safe, sustainable and publicly acceptable solutions to the challenge of nuclear clean up and waste management. This means never compromising on safety or security, taking full account of our social and environmental responsibilities, always seeking value for money for the taxpayer and actively engaging with stakeholders. NDA Strategy - March

7 NDA Budget for 2015/16 is 3.3bn (US$ 5.1bn): - 2.1bn from Government - 1.2bn income from commercial operations ~210 corporate staff 18,000-strong workforce across the NDA s estate Decommissioning & clean up of 17 sites Geological disposal Spent fuel & HLW LLW disposal Pu, U management Reprocessing & vitrification Non-NDA liabilities oversight (NNLO) Including new build decommissioning Strategy Skills R&D Supply Chain Socio economics

8 NDA s Nuclear Provision The Nuclear Provision: Best estimate of the cost to clean-up NDA s sites > 115bn undiscounted over 120 years bn range 70bn discounted EDF Energy responsible for its decommissioning costs through the Nuclear Liabilities Fund New Nuclear Build organisations have to establish Funded decommissioning plans (FDPs) 8

9 Sellafield 9

10 Sellafield has more than 60 years of history 1940s/50s 1960s/70s 1980s 1990s 2000s Nuclear build begins Initially a military programme Later civil programme begins Waste stored safely pending treatment Storage capacity extended incrementally Coarse segregation of waste arising from process Magnox reprocessing starts Main expansion of site Major waste treatment focus Environmental impact substantially reduced Decommissioning programme started True commercialisation of reprocessing Thorp online Waste arising from processes treated in real time Product waste forms compatible with disposal concepts Health and safety executive reports Decommissioning gathering pace Sellafield landscape changing forever NDA formed NMP become PBO 10

11 5 High Hazard programmes represent 90% of the nuclear hazard potential on the site Pile Fuel Storage Pond Highly Active Liquor Workstream Pile Fuel Cladding Silo First Generation Magnox Fuel Pond Legacy Ponds & Silos Magnox Swarf Storage Silos 11

12 Sellafield achievements Pile Fuel Storage Pond retrievals, 2013 THORP Fuel pond Windscale AGR decommissioned 2011 Sellafield Product and Residues Store, operational 2011

13 Dounreay 13

14 The NDA Estate - Dounreay PFR clean-up Demolition work The UK s centre of fast reactor R&D Scotland s largest nuclear clean-up and demolition project Experimental nature of the fast breeder research work complex decommissioning challenges NaK destruction 14

15 Dounreay achievements Dounreay Low Level Waste Facility begins operations Dounreay contract firmly embedded and delivering change Movements of DFR material to Sellafield 2 LLW vaults completed D1251 complex handed over to demolition. DFR pond drained and decontaminated ready for demolition Local authority granted permission to work on the Shaft and Silo project Shaft & Silo 15

16 Magnox Berkeley in operation Berkeley decommissioning Berkeley heat exchangers en route to Sweden 16

17 Magnox achievements Wylfa extension to Dec 2015 Chaplecross Asbestos strip C&M All 10 Magnox sites are in transition through the following phases: - Operations and electricity generation (Wylfa 1) - Defuelling removal of fuel from reactor and transported to Sellafield for reprocessing (Sizewell A, Calder Hall (SL), Oldbury) - Care and Maintenance preparations removal of hazards such as sludges/resins/asbestos (Dungeness A, Chapelcross, Trawsfynydd, Berkeley, Hinkley Point A, Bradwell and Hunterston A) - Care and Maintenance (C&M) reactor buildings & ILW store are left in a safe state until Final Site Clearance - Final Site Clearance Provision of a GDF will enable final decommissioning of the sites to take place 17

18 Harwell and Winfrith Harwell building demolitions Harwell UK s first Atomic Energy Research Establishment (1946) Winfrith Centre for ground breaking reactor development from the 1950s 1990s Waste storage at Winfrith Both sites contained nuclear research facilities, including plutonium handling facilities, radioactive laboratories, nuclear waste treatment and storage facilities. Decommissioning is well under way at both sites. 18

19 The NDA Estate - LLWR Low Level Waste Repository near Drigg has operated as a LLW disposal facility since 1959 Compacted wastes come from Sellafield by rail Other waste arrives via road from facilities such as hospitals and research establishments LLW is disposed of in engineered concrete vaults Vault 9 opened in 2010 Key emphasis on recycling and reusing material to reduce the volumes being disposed of at LLWR VLLW to special licenced landfill 19

20 Geological Disposal Development Process

21 During the next 10 years we expect: All Magnox stations defuelled and spent fuel reprocessed to long-term stable form Four Magnox sites to have entered Care and Maintenance Progress on high hazard reduction, including retrievals from Legacy Ponds and Silos All NDA s non core assets to have been disposed of Chapelcross defuelling Legacy Ponds 21

22 During the next 20 years we expect: All other Magnox sites to have entered Care and Maintenance Decommissioning to have been completed at Harwell and Winfrith At Dounreay, all ILW to have been removed from the shaft and all residues from the Dounreay Fast Reactor (DFR) At LLWR, the Plutonium Contaminated Material (PCM) facilities to have been removed Confirmation of a site s technical suitability to host a GDF Harwell Dounreay Fast Reactor 22

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