Passage Over Canadian Projects

Transcription

1 Passage Over Canadian Projects Keenleyside Brilliant and Waneta Columbia Power Corporation Hydro Expansion Projects Peter Christensen, P.E. R2 Resource Consultants, Redmond, Washington

2 Keenleyside, Brilliant, and Waneta Dams Presentation Overview: First dams within Canada potentially encountered by fish swimming upstream on the Columbia River. Each of the three projects has recently been expanded with the addition of a new powerhouse. In conjunction with design of the new powerhouses, the potential for future upstream fish passage was investigated, and preliminary passage concepts were developed. Impacts on downstream fish passage, along with environmental impacts (water quality and fish habitat) downstream of the projects were also considered in the designs of the projects.

3 Projects Location Map Keenleyside Dam Columbia River Brilliant Dam Kootenay River Okanogan River Lake Roosevelt Waneta Dam Pend d Orielle River Chief Joseph Dam Upstream Blockage Columbia River Grand Coulee Dam Wells Dam Last Upstream Passage

4 Potential Anadromous Species If passage provided above Chief Joseph and Grand Coulee dams, potential anadromous species in Canadian waters might include: Upstream Downstream Migration Migration Sockeye July Sept. April - July Steelhead June Nov. April - June Spring Chinook June July April - June Summer Chinook Aug. Sept. April - June Fall Chinook Oct. Nov. June Sept.

5 Keenleyside Expansion Powerplant Project Project Completed 2002 Post- Expansion Project New Canal and Powerhouse on Left Bank Pre- Expansion Project

6 Keenleyside Expansion Powerplant Project Power Canal Arrow Lakes Powerhouse Expansion Project Features FLOW FLOW FLOW Gate Structure Dam Pre- existing Keenleyside Dam Project Features

7 Keenleyside: Relevant Project Features Downstream- most Canadian dam on the mainstem Columbia River. Prior to the hydro expansion the existing dam had no power generation. Large potential reservoir fluctuations: 19.4 m (63.5 ft) during upstream migration 20.2 m (66.3 ft) during downstream migration Priority flow through powerhouse, represents full river flow greater than 50% of the time during migration seasons. 2 Large, low- head, Kaplan turbines are relatively safe for juvenile salmonid passage. Reduction in discharge through the existing spillways reduces levels of total dissolved gas (TDG) downstream.

8 Keenleyside: Upstream Passage Concept Single Combined Ladder for both Expansion and Existing Facilities POWERHOUSE FISH EXIT COLLECTION GALLERY

9 Keenleyside: Downstream Passage Large, low- head, Kaplan turbines likely at least as safe for juvenile passage as the spillways or low- level tunnel outlets at the dam. Large reservoir fluctuations complicate downstream collection. At time of the study (1997) downstream collection and bypass was in an experimental stage of development. Decision was to put off consideration of concepts pending further regional developments. Today, consideration might be given to a floating surface collector. BC Hydro is investigating potential operational and/or structural means of reducing downstream passage of resident fish at the original Keenleyside facilities.

10 Brilliant Expansion Powerplant Project Project Completed 2007 Post- Expansion Project New Powerhouse on Left Side of Tailrace Pre- Expansion Project

11 Brilliant Expansion Powerplant Project Power Canal Expansion Powerhouse FLOW Expansion Project Features FLOW SPILL FLOW Spillway POWER FLOW Powerhouse Pre- existing Brilliant Dam Project Features

12 Brilliant: Relevant Project Features Downstream- most dam on the Kootenay River, about 3 km upstream of confluence with the Columbia River. Prior to the hydro expansion the existing dam included a powerhouse with 4 large Francis generating units. Significant historic habitat in the Slocan River and Slocan Lake upstream, direct tributary to the Brilliant Reservoir. Existing powerhouse opposite side of tailrace from new powerhouse Maximum reservoir fluctuation limited to 3.0 m (9.8 ft). Priority flow through the new expansion powerhouse. One large Kaplan turbine in expansion powerhouse, significantly safer for juvenile salmonid passage than the existing Francis units. Reduction in discharge through the existing spillways reduces levels of total dissolved gas (TDG) downstream.

13 Brilliant: Upstream Passage Concept Fish Ladder (along power canal or in tunnel) ALTERNATIE LADDER LOCATION IN TUNNEL THROUGH HILLSIDE FISH LADDER ALONG POWER CANAL FISH ENTRANCE AND PUMP CHAMBER FISH EXIT

14 Brilliant: Downstream Passage Guidance Louver to Deflect Migrants Away from Existing Powerhouse Louver Curtain Details

15 Brilliant: Downstream Passage Survival Estimates Basis of Estimates: Francis Unit Survival 85% Kaplan Unit Survival 95% Spillway Survival 98% Louver Barrier 50% Efficient

16 Waneta Expansion Powerplant Project Anticipated Completion 2015 Expansion Project Construction New Powerhouse on Right Side of Tailrace Pre- Expansion Project

17 Waneta Expansion Powerplant Project Expansion Project Features Power Tunnels Expansion Powerhouse FLOW FLOW POWER FLOW SPILL FLOW Pre- existing Waneta Dam Project Features

18 Waneta: Relevant Project Features Downstream- most dam on the Pend d Orielle River, immediately upstream of confluence with the Columbia River. Prior to the hydro expansion the existing dam included a powerhouse with 4 large Francis turbine generating units. Significant historic habitat in the Salmo River upstream of both Waneta and Seven Mile dams. High- head Dam with 63 m (207 ft) of head. Waneta forebay is significantly warmer than the Columbia River during the migration season. 2 Large Francis turbines in expansion powerhouse. Reduction in discharge through the existing spillways reduces levels of total dissolved gas (TDG) downstream.

19 Waneta: Upstream Passage Concept Trap and Haul to Upstream Release Locations

20 Waneta: Upstream Passage Concept Trap and Haul to Upstream Release Locations

21 Waneta: Downstream Passage Louver Diversion to V- Screen Collector and Bypass Pipe Downstream Collection with Trap & Haul at Seven Mile Dam Recommended

22 Summary Columbia Power Corporation investigated the feasibility of fish passage prior to construction of the three expansion projects. Upstream passage is feasible at each project, although unique conditions at each project call for considering different approaches. Downstream passage conditions are generally improved by the expansion projects, and recent improvements in downstream collection and passage technologies may benefit the projects. The designs presented are feasibility level only and considerable work will still be required to complete any of these designs.

23 Acknowledgements Llewellyn Matthews - Columbia Power Corporation (CPC) Bill Green - Canadian Columbia River Inter- tribal Fishery Commission (CCRIFC) Questions? Contact Information Peter Christensen, Civil Engineer & Fish Biologist R2 Resource Consultants, Inc PChristensen@r2usa.com