Smart Water Grid for the Indus Basin

Transcription

1 Smart Water Grid for the Indus Basin Dr Abubakr Muhammad Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering, SBASSE Director, Center for Water Informatics & Technology (WIT) Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan

2 Outline The scales of managing the world s largest irrigation network The promise of smart infrastructures: Electronics coming to the aid of hydraulics. Some example of a smart water grid Canal telemetry networks Gate automation and irrigation delivery Automated structural inspection systems Sustainable consumption of renewable resources The need for data driven governance of water.

3 Cyber Physical Networks & Systems (CYPHYNETS) Lab Est Faculty 3 PhD students 6 MS students 4 RA 1 Lab Engineer 2 Technicians Areas Agricultural Automation & Robotics Water systems & Hydro-informatics Control engineering Highlights ( ) Smart Canal Grid in Bahawalnagar Collaborations with Govt, Industry, Institutes Scholarly output in diverse areas Outreach conferences, workshops, trainings

4 River Basin Management: A complex system of systems Water Salt Silt 4

5 Managing the World s Largest Irrigation Network 90,000 Km of watercourses 3 reservoirs, 23 barrages 45 canal commands 36 million acre irrigated area

6 Smarts: Can Electronics Rescue Hydraulics? Wireless connectivity Embedded controller Flow Measurements Gate control Demand driven delivery to farms

7 A Networked Smart Water Grid Cyber Physical Systems / Internet of Things perspectives Physical elements: rivers, watercourses, barrages, weirs, gates, pumps Cyber elements : sensors, controllers, comm., services Ref. Tariq, Nasir, Muhammad. ICCPS 2014 Nasir, Muhammad. IFAC WC 2011, IFAC WC 2014

8 IWG LUMS

9 Excerpt from IWG Report

10 What type of problems can be solved? Increase of distribution efficiency Demand based delivery Control of nontechnical losses Detection of Leak or unauthorized takeoff Detection of unauthorized dumps System health monitoring Flood/breach security Real-time scheduling and planning Improvement and enforcement of water rights

11 Canal Water Accounting (Current PMIU System) Courtesy. Program Monitoring & Implementation Unit (PMIU), Punjab Irrigation Dept

12 Smart Water Metering: E. Sadqiya Hakra Br. Canal Command LUMS-IWMI-Punjab Irrigation Dept. Collaboration ( ) System Architecture (above). Field installations (below). Project Site: 17 Distributaries in Bahawalnagar. Laboratory for Cyber Physical Networks & Systems Dept. of Electrical Engineering, LUMS

13 Year Long Monitoring in Hakra Br. Canal Command (2014) Refs. Ahmad, Muhammad et al. IECON 2014, WSN4DC 2013 Laboratory for Cyber Physical Networks & Systems Dept. of Electrical Engineering, LUMS

14 Modeling & Control of Irrigation Channels Refs. Nasir, Muhammad, et al. IFAC WC 2011, MSC ICCPS 2012, IFAC WC 2014 Abstraction dy () t dt 3 3 i i, in i i 1, out i 1 c h ( t ) c h ( t). Laboratory for Cyber Physical Networks & Systems Dept. of Electrical Engineering, LUMS

15 Aerial Mapping of Irrigation Canals for Silt Deposition Collaboration: RRLab, TU Kaiserslautern Funding: DAAD, LUMS Examples of Siltation and bank deterioration in the Indus Basin. Motivation: Automation of annual canal cleaning operation in the world s largest irrigation network. Guassian Processes (GP) based vol. estimation framework incorporating soil model, localization error and sensor noise. Experiments Video. Octocopter flying over a channel (LUMS campus) collecting scans. Laboratory for Cyber Physical Networks & Systems Dept. of Electrical Engineering, LUMS

16 Framework for Aerial Mapping of Silt Deposition Ref. Anwar, Berns, Muhammad. IROS 2015 Guassian Processes (GP) based vol. estimation framework incorporating soil model, localization error and sensor noise. Incorporating Localization Errors: GP based vol. estimation framework incorporating soil model, localization error and sensor noise. Lab Model. Testing estimation limits Laboratory for Cyber Physical Networks & Systems Dept. of Electrical Engineering, LUMS

17 Autonomous Navigation, Localization, Mapping System Architecture. Localization and navigation (online), Mapping (offline) Laboratory for Cyber Physical Networks & Systems Dept. of Electrical Engineering, LUMS

18 Optimal Control of Consumption Networks Ref. Manzoor, Aseev, Rovenskaya, Muhammad. IFAC 2014 How to incorporate social coordination and environmental awareness in networked dynamics? Optimality, planning and institutional structures Social Network System Identification. Laboratory for Cyber Physical Networks & Systems Dept. of Electrical Engineering, LUMS

19 Laboratory for Cyber Physical Networks & Systems Dept. of Electrical Engineering, LUMS

20 Need for Data Driven Models in Governance Current governance directions Participatory irrigation management Decision making at many levels. (IRSA, PIDA, WUA, FO ) Need decision support systems Water entitlements Being defined/debated at trans-boundary, national, provincial, regional, farm levels. Need scientific evidence to support legal claims, treaty/accord negotiation. Accountability Forecast and analysis for future and past scenarios. Conflict resolution requires scientific backup. Correctly interpret conflicting claims (e.g. on glacial melt) Ref. Muhammad, Planning Commission, Entitlements Accountability Participation Laboratory for Cyber Physical Networks & Systems Dept. of Electrical Engineering, LUMS

21 Classroom Innovations Lecture Series: Control Engineering for Water & Agriculture 10 lectures (50 min each content) delivered in Intro. to Feedback Control (EE361, LUMS ) Teaching the Teachers workshop (IEEE CSS 2015) Program Leaning Outcome : Environ. & Sustainability -> Teaching > EE361-Recitations

22 Conclusions River basins, when equipped with smart infrastructures, are complex cyber-physical-social systems with a unique set of CPS problems and IoT inspired solutions. Water problems can inspire a range of ICT inspired systems engineering, informatics and systems analysis solutions. Managing irrigation networks in the Indus inspires interesting problems with an important and unique socioeconomic context for Pakistan. Scalable hydrometry is the key to making complex decision support systems. There is both a need and a market for it.

23 References Hamza Anwar, Abubakr Muhammad, Karsten Berns, A Theoretical Framework for Aerial Inspection of Siltation in Waterways. IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), Hamburg, Germany Preprint Talha Manzoor, Abubakr Muhammad, "An Extension of the Kalman Filter for a Class of Measurement Models Inspired by Wide-Baseline Stereo." European Control Conference (ECC), Linz, Austria, July Preprint N.M. Phuong, M. Schappacher, A. Sikora, Zahoor Ahmad, Abubakr Muhammad, "Real-time Water Level Monitoring Using Low-Power Wireless Sensor Network", Embedded World Conference 2015, Nuremberg, Feb Preprint Saad Aleem, Hasan Nasir, Abubakr Muhammad, "System Identification of Distributory Canals in the Indus Basin." 19th World Congress of the International Federation of Automatic Control (IFAC 2014), Cape Town, South Africa, August Preprint Talha Manzoor, Sergey Aseev, Elena Rovenskaya, Abubakr Muhammad, "Optimal Control for Sustainable Consumption of Natural Resources." 19th World Congress of the International Federation of Automatic Control (IFAC 2014), Cape Town, South Africa, August Preprint Ch.Ammad Rehmat, Abubakr Muhammad, Naveed ul Hassan, "A Model Driven Framework for Risk Mitigation in Irrigation Networks". Climate Change in Pakistan, IDRC-CRDI Working Paper Series #2, Preprint Zahoor Ahmad and Abubakr Muhammad, "Low Power Hydrometry for Open Channel Flows", 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON), Dallas, USA, Preprint Zahoor Ahmad, Ehsan U. Asad, Abubakr Muhammad, Waqas Ahmad and Arif Anwar, "Development of a Low-Power Smart Water Meter for Discharges in Indus Basin Irrigation Network", Wireless Sensor Networks for Developing Countries, Springer Communications in Computer and Information Science (CCIS), Volume 366, 2013, pp Preprint Zaeem Hussain and Abubakr Muhammad, "Sample size reduction in groundwater surveys via sparse data assimilation," IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control (ICNSC), Paris-Evry University, France Preprint Hasan Nasir and Abubakr Muhammad, "Locating Leaks & Dumps in Open Channels with Minimal Sensing," IEEE Multi Conference on Systems & Control (MSC), Dubrovnik, Croatia Preprint Muhammad Umer Tariq, Hasan Arshad Nasir, Abubakr Muhammad and Marilyn Wolf, Model-Driven Performance Analysis of Large Scale Irrigation Networks, IEEE/ACM International Conference on Cyber-Physical Systems (ICCPS), Beijing, China, Preprint Hasan Nasir and Abubakr Muhammad, "Feedback Control of Very-Large Scale Irrigation Networks: A CPS Approach in a Developing-World Setting." 18th World Congress of International Federation of Automatic Control (IFAC), Milano, Italy, Preprint