Heating and cooling cause changes in some of the properties of materials.

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1 Claudia Wolen Davenport Ridge, Stamford Diana Sclafani Hart Magnet School, Stamford Jean Jordan Nathan Hale School, New London Jamelah Qadir Jennings School, New London 3.1 Materials have properties that can be identified and described through the use of simple tests. Heating and cooling cause changes in some of the properties of materials. B2 Describe the effect of heating on the melting, evaporation, condensation and freezing of water. GLE 8 Heating and cooling cause materials to change from one state of matter to another and back again. Adding heat can cause solids to melt into liquids; removing heat can cause liquids to harden into solids. GLE 11 Liquid water becomes solid water(ice) when its temperature cools to 0 Celsius(32 F). Warming ice to a temperature above 0 C causes it to melt into liquid water. B INQ.1 Make observations and ask questions about objects, organisms and the environment. B INQ.2 Seek relevant information in books, magazines an electronic media. B INQ.3 Design and conduct simple investigations. B INQ.4 Employ simple equipment and measuring tools to gather data and extend the senses. B INQ.5 Use data to construct reasonable explanations. B INQ.6 Analyze, critique, and communicate investigations using words, graphs and drawings. B INQ.7 Read and write a variety of science related fiction and nonfiction texts Process Skills observation communication Questions 1. What is a solid? 2. What is a liquid? 3. How does a solid become a liquid? 4. Can liquids change its form? 5. How does a liquid change into a solid?

2 6. How does heat affect a solid changing into a liquid? 7. Do all liquids change into a solid? 8. Is Jello a solid or a liquid? 9. Do all liquids need the same temperature in order to make a change? 10. How long does it take an ice cube to melt? Word wall of vocabulary melting solid liquid freeze temperature heating cooling Celsius state of matter PHASE 1 Pre assessment Illustrate and explain: What happened to Frosty the Snowman after the sun has been shining on him? What happens to Frosty the Snowman after the sun goes down and has stopped shining on him? (worksheet at the end) Inquiry starter 4 stations/10 minutes each Science notebooks I notice I wonder Station 1 Ice Block block of ice (made from student milk carton) ice tray, goose neck lamp/desk lamp with flexible neck. Draw what it looks like when they first arrive, after observing for 5 minutes draw what it looks. REMEMBER TO RECORD Station 2 Oobleck (cornstarch and water) oobleck in sandwich bag Draw what it looks like, rub the bag to generate heat. Draw what it looks like after. REMEMBER TO RECORD

3 Station 3 Butter Shaker 4 small jars with lids, whipping cream Place 4 tablespoons of whipping cream into a jar, shake until it turns hard. Draw what happens to the whipping cream. REMEMBER TO RECORD Station 4 Hard Shelled Chocolate whole group station/ Teacher directed ice cream cups, liquid chocolate shell, spoons. Draw what happens to liquid chocolate when you pour it into the ice cream cup. REMEMBER TO RECORD As students eat their ice cream, we will generate a discussion based on their findings in their notebooks. The teacher will list/chart a range of questions that students have and will pursue in future investigations during Phase 2. Phase II Step 2 Teacher will sort and post the questions into three categories solids, liquids and temperatures. Introduce materials. Students will choose the question they want to investigate by reading all the questions. Students will place sticky notes next to their top 3 questions they would like to investigate. Teacher will assist those students who have problems finding a question by using their interests and splitting those groups that have more people wanting to investigate the topic. Students will write their question and plan of action in their science notebooks. This should include data record sheets, drawings and anything else they feel is necessary. Teacher will collect and review plans. MATERIALS Ice cubes, trays, lamps/flashlights, oobleck, heavy cream, thermometers,

4 measuring cups, measuring spoons, balances, rulers, stop watches/timers, kool aid, water, milk, oil, vinegar, chocolate bars (Hershey bars, kisses), salt, string, cups, sugar cubes, warm water, bouillon cubes, popsicle sticks, tongs, paper towels, spoons, liquid chocolate(hard shell syrup),paper cups, paper cups, small lidded jars, basins Expected Learning: Heat can cause solids to melt into liquids; removing heat can cause liquids to harden into solids. Liquid water becomes solid water(ice) when its temperature cools to 0 Celsius(32 F). Warming ice to a temperature above 0 C causes it to melt into liquid water. Time 30 minutes for investigations 15 minutes to process and write conclusions in science notebooks. Step 3 Students get plans back and will revise if needed. Teacher will give final approval. Students will gather materials and conduct their investigations Step 4 Think, Pair, Share within their group about their investigations. Nonfiction materials will be given to groups who have finished their investigations and have written a conclusion and summary of their investigation. They will use the texts to gather evidence to support or contradict their findings. Students will draw a line under their conclusion and write any new information they have learned from non fiction texts. Encourage use of appropriate science vocabulary in notebooks.

5 Phase III Share Out Step 5 Students will plan their share out. They will use their science equipment and materials to demonstrate their investigation and share their conclusions. They may use and create visuals if needed. They will rehearse for their presentations using appropriate science vocabulary. They will share with class. Class discussion. Content Blast Summative Assessment 1. Name the three states of matter.,,, 2. What happens to ice when heat is added? a. boils b. melts c. Freezes 3. What are three examples of a solid?,,, 4. What happens to water when its temperature cools to 0 Celsius (32 Fahrenheit)?Explain. 5. What are three examples of a liquid?,,, 6. Water exists as a solid at what temperature? a. 10 C

6 b. 0 C c. 100 C 7. At what temperature will a popsicle begin to change from a solid to a liquid? Explain why this change in the state of matter happens? 8. Use the following diagram to sort the following objects: wood Kool Aid ocean rain desk lamp bottle Hershey Kiss Vinegar Elmer's glue paint spoon marble soda maple syrup rock Solids Liquids

7 Draw Frosty the Snowman Explain: Morning Evening Night