Can we use Natural Small Water Retention Measures as a tool to optimize services provided by water systems?

Transcription

1 Can we use Natural Small Water Retention Measures as a tool to optimize services provided by water systems? Tomasz Okruszko 1, Anja Potokar 2, Ignacy Kardel 1, Janos Feher 3, Richard Muller 3, Sabina Bokal 3, Tomas Orfanus 4, Mikołaj Piniewski 1,5 Towards a water secure world 1 Warsaw University of Life Sciences 2 Limnos Ltd 3 GWP CEE 4 Slovak Academy of Sciences 5 Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research 1/16

2 Questions What is landscape (small) retention? How to select appropriate parts of the landscape for applying measures? How can we (quantitatively) evaluate these measures? 2/16

3 Water problems Too little Too much Too dirty The lowest ever water level in the Vistula at Warsaw - power restrictions due to plant cooling problems, 09/2015 PAP Wyborcza.pl Wyborcza.pl PAP The highest ever water level in the Vistula at Świniary causing levee breach, 05/2010 Wybor cza.pl WWF Polska High turbidity in the Biebrza after heavy rainfall, 05/2015 3/16

4 Water problems Too little Too much Too dirty Good! Good! Always bad The lowest ever water level in the Vistula at Warsaw - archeological works, 09/2015 PAP PAP Typical flooding of the Narew floodplain at Strękowa Góra, 04/2010 Wyborcza.pl Wybor cza.pl WWF Polska High turbidity in the Biebrza after heavy rainfall, 05/2015 4/16

5 "Small retention" 5/16

6 Measures After W. Mioduszewski 7/16

7 Common agreement about positive role of forests. Question of ET increase remains open. 8/16 A. i W. Bilińscy r.

8 Common agreement that useful both for water quality & quantity improvements Open questions on: - landscape manipulation towards larger retention - economic justification regarding land use change - efficiency of measures r. 9/16

9 Cultural landscape old (new) hydraulic structures, controversy on longitudal (dis)connections r. 10/16

10 Catchment-scale GIS analyses How to select most suitable subcatchments for applyinig water retention measures? The analyses should be carried out in order to increase the flexibility of planning (areas and specific locations) as well as evaluation of potential investments as a part of river basin management plans. Masovian province, Poland 11/16

11 List of potential indicators Based on open GIS data Threshold values required Examples: Climatic conditions: precipitation deficits frequency of precipitation lower than 50% of the long-term average Hydrogeological conditions: soil water retention renewable groundwater resources module Hydrological conditions: area-specific low flow (m 3 /s/km 2 ) surface areas intensively developed in the flooded zone Land cover: forests lakes and reservoirs 12/16

12 Example indicator: precipitation deficits Interpolation Aggregation Classification 14/16

13 Final evaluation (based on 12 indicators) 15/16

14 Outlook: GIS Tools for planning NWRMs FramWat: Framework for improving water balance and nutrient mitigation by applying small water retention measures: starting 1 July 2017 Identification of the current state of analyzed area + Valorization of flood protection needs Valorisation of NWRM needs + Valorization of agricultural needs Assessment of risks to implementing NWRM Estimation of costs of NWRM Desktop GIS Tools Prioritisation of NWRM Publication of all maps on web Web DSS Collect NWRM locations from municipalities, counties (questionnaire/web form) 17/16

15 Way forward In order to use the N(s)WRM in integrated water management context we need to evaluate their efficiency at catchment-scale. How to achieve it? Process-based modelling (e.g. SWAT) => FramWat project + Flexible; allows for testing multiple hypotheses; different sets of measures applied in different catchments; can be coupled with optimisation tools for achieving max. efficicency - Model limitations in simulating specific N(s)WRMs; uncertainties Evidence-based reviews (systematic reviews, meta-analyses) + Gold standard in retrieving objective information in environmental management - Time-consuming; lack of sufficient evidence; typically single measures rather than multiple 19/16

16 Conclusions N(S)WRM can be seen as a part of the river basin management plans N(S)WRM step toward sustainability There is a great variety of potential measures we should select the best ones for each catchment Number of measures matters! Application of GIS-based and model-based evaluation allows to take into account environmental conditions in the assessment of investment 20/16

17 Thank you for your attention twitter.com/gwpcee 21/16