Microgrid Summary/Best Practices

Transcription

1 Microgrids and Smart Grids Microgrid Summary/Best Practices Dave Barr, PE, PMP Burns & McDonnell August 10, 2016 Rhode Island Convention Center Providence, Rhode Island

2 Microgrid Definition: a group of interconnected loads and distributed energy resources within clearly defined electrical boundaries that acts as a single controllable entity with respect to the grid [and can] connect and disconnect from the grid to enable it to operate in both grid-connected or island-mode. - the U.S. Department of Energy 2

3 Moving Beyond DOD Pilots and Demonstrations SPIDERS Phases 1, 2 and 3 (ECIP) FDA White Oak Campus CHP-based microgrid (ESPC) MCAGCC Twenty-nine Palms (ESTCP, expansion via MILCON) Tooele Army Depot renewables/energy storage (ECIP) Schofield Barracks utility peaking plant (EUL) 3

4 Reference Microgrid Electric Vehicles Renewable Generation Energized Circuit Building Connected to Microgrid Backup Generator Isolation Breaker 4

5 Understand Ownership and Stakeholders Who is responsible for operations and maintenance? Who owns the controls (communications) network? Who is the cyber system owner? What rights do you have to integrate renewables? Will the utility charge you to export power? Microgrid Circuit PV Array 5

6 Design Considerations: Avoid additional complexity and points of failure Implementable solutions that do not require significant outages Cost-benefit of including/excluding generation assets and loads in microgrid Capacity and resiliency of existing distribution feeders Grounding of distribution system once islanded from utility Consider impact of transformer inrush during black-start 6

7 Construction/Testing Considerations Upgrading existing, operating infrastructure Outages may not be avoidable but should be minimized Warranty period starts as soon as new equipment is energized System features are operational before system is fully tested Do interconnect agreements and air permits support testing? Testing live HV or MV systems requires qualified personnel Testing cybersecurity requires rules of engagement 7

8 Ongoing Operations Considerations Microgrids impact multiple stakeholders that require training Electrical systems are now more complex Traditional electrical safety features may now be overridden If primary purpose is to support islanded operation, regular training and testing is necessary Sustainment of operations, cybersecurity accreditation requires funding 8

9 Secondary Benefits of Microgrids Enhanced automation and visibility of distribution system Enhanced testing capabilities of backup generators integrated into the microgrid Control of inverters can support power factor correction 9

10 Take-Aways from DOD Experience in Microgrids: Nearly every generation asset can be integrated successfully 90% penetration of renewable power is achievable Benefits of batteries for high speed stability is unproven Renewables need to be carefully managed when islanded Reactive power and spinning reserve management are crucial 10

11 Take-Aways from DOD Experience in Microgrids: Value of energy security yet to be quantified Policy, system ownership, and color of money is the primary challenge Third-party ownership and energy as a service is best shortterm solution for success Avoid letting the perfect be the enemy of the good 11

12 THANK YOU David A. Barr, PE, PMP Burns & McDonnell 12