Liquefied Hydrogen Supply Chain and Carrier Ship to Realize Hydrogen Economy

Transcription

1 Gasskonferansen 10th, April, 2018 Liquefied Hydrogen Supply Chain and Carrier Ship to Realize Hydrogen Economy Hydrogen Project Development Center Corporate Technology Division Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. 0

2 Products Ships/Marine Rolling stock Aerospace Gas Turbine/ Machinery Plants/Environment Motorcycles and Engines Precision Machinery 2

3 Contents 1. Circumstances Surrounding Energy 2. Movement Toward Hydrogen Utilization 3. The Concept of Hydrogen Supply Chains 4. Hydrogen Infrastructure Technology 5. Projects on Going 3

4 Contents 1. Circumstances Surrounding Energy 2. Movement Toward Hydrogen Utilization 3. The Concept of Hydrogen Supply Chains 4. Hydrogen Infrastructure Technology 5. Projects on Going 4

5 COP21 (Paris Agreement) 1. Circumstances Surrounding Energy Dec Shifted from Low-carbon to de-carbonation society (Global temperature rise less than 1.5 at most effort, as well as2 target) Became effective after 4 th, Nov nations and countries signed Target of CO 2 Reduction: Japan 26% by 2030 Advanced Nations including Japan 80% by 2050 (as of 1 st, Dec. 2017) 5

6 1. Circumstances Surrounding Energy Actions in Japan for COP21 (Paris Agreement) In order to achieve the CO 2 target at 2030, proportion of CO2 free power, i.e. nuclear and renewable energies, in the total power generation should be 44% or more Power retailers have to achieve the above composition ratio by law Creation of low-carbon power (non-fossil value) market is under consideration 6

7 Power generation [%] Solutions to Increase CO2-free Powers 1. Circumstances Surrounding Energy Gas turbine(gt) power generation will play an important role to enhance stability of the electricity grid, by compensating intermittent power from the renewable energies. Fuel change from natural gas(ng) to hydrogen can also regulate fluctuation of renewable energies without CO2 emission Output restriction Hydro, Nuclear (Base load) 2050 This will be a good combination with hydrogen production from excessive renewable power. 7

8 Contents 1. Circumstances Surrounding Energy 2. Movement Toward Hydrogen Utilization 3. The Concept of Hydrogen Supply Chains 4. Hydrogen Infrastructure Technology 5. Projects on Going 8

9 2. Movement Toward Hydrogen Utilization Hydrogen as a National Growth Strategy Cabinet decision of April 2014 for Strategic Energy Plan": Hydrogen use is described in detail for the first time The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry has formulated a hydrogen and fuel cell strategy road map, and specified "hydrogen production from the asyet unused resource of brown coal" and "hydrogen power generation" Declaration at COP21 of strengthening technological development of "technologies to produce, store and transport hydrogen" 9

10 Basic Hydrogen Strategy (Ministries cooperation Common scenario) 2. Movement Toward Hydrogen Utilization On December 26, 2017, the Ministerial Council on Renewable Energy, Hydrogen and Related Issues held its second meeting and decided on a Basic Hydrogen Strategy to accomplish a world-leading hydrogen-based society From HP. of Prime Minister's Office Hydrogen is an option as important as renewable energies (R.E.) Mass production from low cost sources: utilizing brown coal and foreign R.E. (Develop international liquefied hydrogen supply chain) Promotion of furl cell vehicles and hydrogen refueling stations Commercialization of hydrogen power generation and mass consumption of hydrogen (hydrogen consumption 10 mill. t/year, Power generation capacity 30GW) Leading to growth strategy to leveraged Tokyo Olympic Paralympic Games 10

11 Expansion of Hydrogen Demand "From FCVs to Power Generation" Demand progresses in the order of Processing" "FCV" Power generation" 2. Movement Toward Hydrogen Utilization Regularization of hydrogen power generation Spread of FCVs Tokyo Olympics "Toward a Hydrogen Olympics" Large-scale introduction of hydrogen Power generation Start of Fuel Cell Vehicle (FCV) sales Automotive Hydrogen demand of process uses 11

12 Contents 1. Circumstances Surrounding Energy 2. Movement Toward Hydrogen Utilization 3. The Concept of Hydrogen Supply Chains 4. Hydrogen Infrastructure Technology 5. Projects on Going 12

13 Expected CO2-free H2 Supply chain 3. Hydrogen Chains Wind, Hydro, NG H2 Hydro H2 Hydro H2 Wind H2 Geothermal H2 13

14 The Concept of CO 2 -free Hydrogen Chains Stably supplying energy while suppressing CO 2 emissions 3. Hydrogen Chains Resourcing country Production of hydrogen at low costs from unutilized resources and/or abundant recyclable energy Brown coal CCS (CO 2 capture/storage) Affordable renewable energy Liquefaction/ loading CO 2 -free hydrogen Liquefied hydrogen carrier Liquefied hydrogen containers JAXA Liquefied hydrogen storage tanks Utilizing country Process uses Semiconductor and solar battery manufacture Oil refinement, desulfurization, etc. Transport equipment Hydrogen stations Fuel cell vehicles etc. Distributed power generation Hydrogen gas turbines Hydrogen gas engines Fuel cells etc. Electrical power plants Combined Cycle power generators etc. Hydrogen production Hydrogen transport/storage Hydrogen use 14

15 Liquefied Hydrogen ~ Large-scale Transport Methods for Hydrogen ~ Characteristics of liquefied hydrogen Extremely low temperature (-253 degrees C) 3. Hydrogen Chains 1/800 the volume of hydrogen gas Transport medium of proven practical use in industry and as rocket fuel High purity = no need for refinement (can be supplied to fuel cells by evaporation alone) JAXA Largest liquefied hydrogen tanks in Japan (Tanegashima Rocket Base) LNG ship (large-scale energy transport) 15

16 CO 2 -free Hydrogen Commercial Chain Feasibility Study Brown coal 3. Hydrogen Chains Fuel Cell Vehicle (FCV) Hydrogen production Liquefaction Storage/Loading Transport Unloading Cogeneration and energy equipment Power plants CCS Uses of renewable energy generation Hydrogen source: Australian brown coal Byproduct CO 2 processing: On-site storage CO 2 free Amount of hydrogen production : 770 t/day, Equivalent to fuel for 3 million FCVs or 1 GW of thermal power generation Propulsion, power generation and operation by hydrogen 16

17 Commercial Chain FS Results 3. Hydrogen Chains Hydrogen cost (CIF) [Scale] 225,400t 29.8 yen/nm 3 3 million FCVs Hydrogen cargo ships Freight base Hydrogen liquefaction Hydrogen pipelines Hydrogen production or FCV Equivalent to 1 GW hydrogen power generator CCS Brown coal fuel Hydrogen power plant 17

18 Contents 1. Circumstances Surrounding Energy 2. Movement Toward Hydrogen Use 3. The Concept of Hydrogen Supply Chains 4. Hydrogen Infrastructure Technology 5. Projects on Going 18

19 4. Hydrogen Infrastructure Technology Hydrogen Infrastructure Technology Development Production Brown coal hydrogen production Drying, pulverizing, and other brown coal processing technology Hydrogen liquefier Transport Storage Plant/turbine technology Liquefied hydrogen cargo ships LNG ship technology Loading system Ultra-low temperature sealing system technology Liquefied hydrogen tanks Ultra-low temperature technology Liquefied hydrogen container Ultra-low temperature technology Use Compressed hydrogen trailer Composite material-related technology Hydrogen gas turbines Stable, clean combustion technology Tokyo Boeki Engineering JAXA 19

20 Hydrogen Liquefier Hydrogen production Realization of a hydrogen liquefier by means of unique key hardware and expansion turbines 4. Hydrogen Infrastructure Technology Transport/Storage Hydrogen use Ultra-fast rotation Hydrogen gas bearings Liquefaction temperature: -253 degrees C 20

21 Liquefied Hydrogen Cargo Ships Hydrogen production 4. Hydrogen Infrastructure Technology Transport/Storage Hydrogen use World's first liquefied hydrogen cargo ship: toward realization Cargo tank Pilot ship Special dome structure for maintaining vacuum Stainless steel vacuum thermal insulation double hull High thermal insulation supporting structure December 2013 Basic certification obtained from Nippon Kaiji Kyokai Guideline to complement IGC code is being proposed to IMO by both Japan and Australia *IGC code: International regulations relating to the structure and equipment of vessels for transporting bulk shipments of liquefied gas IMO: International Maritime Organization 21

22 Interim recommendation on safety requirements was approved 4. Hydrogen Infrastructure Technology Interim recommendations were discussed on safety requirements for offshore carriage of liquefied hydrogen in bulk proposed by Japan. IMO MSC(Maritime Safety Committee, Parent Committee of CCC3) was held from 21 th to 25 th Nov. and approved the recommendations. Thus, IMO officially acknowledge the demonstration of liquefied hydrogen transportation between Japan and Australia. IMO: International Maritime Organization CCC: Carriage of Cargoes and Containers 22

23 Liquefied Hydrogen Cargo Ships 4. Hydrogen Infrastructure Technology Loading Station Diesel Electric Propulsion System Vent Mast Cargo Machinery & Motor room Cargo Containment System With Steel Tank Cover 23

24 Loading System Loading Arm for LNG Hydrogen production 4. Hydrogen Infrastructure Technology Transport/Storage Hydrogen use Developing LH2 loading system From Ship Tokyo Boeki Engineering These are being developed for liquefied hydrogen based on LNG swivel joints, which are an existing technology Achieves opposing high thermal insulation performance and flexible joint sealing performance Supported by Strategic Innovation Promotion Program (SIP) To land Swivel joint system Tokyo Boeki Engineering 24

25 Cryogenic Storage Hydrogen production 4. Hydrogen Infrastructure Technology Transport/Storage Hydrogen use Liquefied hydrogen storage tanks Tank type Liquefied hydrogen storage tank specifications Storage capacity 540 m 3 Spherical doublehull tank Design pressure MPa + Vacuum Design temperature -253 C Thermal insulation method Vacuum pearlite thermal insulation JAXA JAXA JAXA JAXA 25

26 NOx over regulatory limit Fuel Flexible Low NOx Combustion 4. Hydrogen Infrastructure Technology Hydrogen production Transport/Storage Hydrogen use Pure natural gas Flame behavior (Visualization test) Pure hydrogen Hydrogen + Water splay Limit Natural 100% gas Hydrogen 0% 60% 40% 20% 80% 0% 100% Natural gas + Water splay Water/Fuel mass flow ratio [%] NOx suppressed less than the limit with water injection Supported by NEDO 26

27 Content 1. Circumstances Surrounding Energy 2. Movement Toward Hydrogen Use 3. The Concept of Hydrogen Supply Chains 4. Hydrogen Infrastructure Technology 5. Projects on Going 27

28 Development of Hydrogen Project 5. Projects on Going Technologies in Kawasaki Heavy Industries 2014 Strategic Energy Plan" 2020 Tokyo Olympics & Paralympics 2018 Kobe Hydrogen Gas Turbine Co-generation 2030 Pilot demonstration Commercial chain LNG technology JAXA Liquefied hydrogen technology 28

29 Hydrogen Power Station in Kobe Power and heat management system using hydrogen as a fuel. 5. Projects on Going Power Generation: 1.7 MW Partners: Obayashi (Leader), Kawasaki, Kobe City, KEPCO, Iwatani, Osaka University Supported by NEDO 29

30 Pilot Demonstration 5. Projects on Going Entrance to commerce Brown coal gasification technology On-shore base for liquefied hydrogen technology for loading/unloading between ships Marine transport technology for large volumes of liquefied hydrogen Technology demonstration of feasibility in fiscal 2020 when the Tokyo Olympics is held Supported by NEDO (New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization) 30

31 Technical Research Association Name of TRA: CO2-free Hydrogen Energy Supply-chain Technical Research Association (Abbreviation: HySTRA) Established date: February in 2016 Member: KHI, Iwatani Corporation, Shell Japan, J-Power President: Eiichi Harada(Executive Officer, KHI) 5. Projects on Going 31

32 Role and Effect of CO 2 -free Hydrogen Chains Stable Supply Hydrogen from fossil fuel linked with CCS will realize vast and affordable energy supply Contribute energy security (Australian brown coal corresponds 240 years of gross generation in Japan) Environmental No CO 2 emissions when used (only water is emitted) "Ultimate clean energy" Improvement of Industrial Competitiveness Wide use of hydrogen brings Industrial growth Hydrogen production started from fossil fuel gradually shifted to the renewables Deployment of Infrastructure export Sustainability! conclusions 32

33 Thank you for listening Kawasaki, working as one for the good of the planet Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Corporate Technology Division , Kaigan, Minato-ku, Tokyo Tel: Fax: