What UC Irvine has Learned Since it Started Taking Energy Efficiency Seriously. Wendell Brase Associate Chancellor for Sustainability

Transcription

1 What UC Irvine has Learned Since it Started Taking Energy Efficiency Seriously Wendell Brase Associate Chancellor for Sustainability

2 Energy Use at the University of California, Irvine Business-as-Usual Scenario 2

3 3 15 Years of Energy Efficiency at UC Irvine

4 What We Learned in 2007 A challenging goal changes everything Carbon-neutrality will require a significant investment An<cipated cost-of-carbon helps to mo<vate progress Energy efficiency offers the most feasible opportunity to take the first bite out of our carbon footprint 4

5 What We Suspected in 2008 Buildings had waste designed-in and not just a few percent! Entrenched professional culture of overdesign and tolerated energy waste, dressed up as margin of safety and best prac<ces Beliefs about how much energy savings might be feasible were possibly low Concept of smart buildings was oversold, underdeveloped Status quo prac<ces seemed ra<onalized by weak arguments 5

6 Were these feasible energy efficiency goals? Facility Type Goal Laboratory building systems 50% Classroom and office buildings 50% Data centers 50% Housing/residence halls 40% Modular buildings 50% Interior illumina<on 50% Parking lots and structures 50% Other exterior illumina<on 50% Central plant/energy infrastructure 15% 6

7 Why 50% Savings Might Be Possible Non-dynamic systems operate at fixed volumes/levels/speeds and worst case parameters Prior to digital controls and sensors, a margin of safety was needed Energy to pump water and air is non-linear Re-heat is excessive when air-changes are high 7

8 Smart Buildings Just enough energy, at just the right place, at just the right Sme! How: ü Challenge all accepted design prac<ces ü Use so[ware and sensors to make building systems dynamic and smart 8

9 What is a Smart Lab? Smart Labs are newly constructed or retrofi\ed laboratories that: reduce energy consump<on by 50% or more reinforce safety protocols and designs provide a data stream that enables con<nuous commissioning

10 Components of a Smart Lab : More Than Just Aircuity Fundamental pla_orm of dynamic, digital control systems Demand-based ven<la<on, zone-by-zone Low ligh<ng power density Exhaust fan discharge velocity op<miza<on Pressure drop op<miza<on Fume hood flow op<miza<on Commissioning with automated cross-pla_orm fault detec<on

11 Prerequisites of a Smart Lab Convert constant air volume (CAV) to variable air volume (VAV) Convert pneuma<c to direct digital control Convert individual exhaust to manifolded exhaust Differen<al pressure control for pumps

12 CDCV System Architecture Supply Air Duct Supply Air Reference Probe Lab Room 101 Lab Room 102 Classroom 103 GEX Duct Probe (typ.) Room Sampling Port General Exhaust Duct Sensor Suite with TVOC, CO 2, dew point & parsculate sensors Server Air Data Router Air Data Router Vacuum Pump Web Based User Interface

13 Lab Risk Assessment & VenSlaSon EffecSveness - Overview Risk assessment lab bench-top hazards and processes Ven<la<on effec<veness lab design and exposure control devices Establish appropriate opera<ng specifica<ons Minimum lab ACH Minimum fume hood flow

14 What We Learned in What we d suspected in 2008 was confirmed and then some! Building systems design prac<ces have enormous momentum Sensors and so[ware changed everything Pilot first, then scale-out Informa<on layer is essen<al 14

15 InformaSon Layer Continuous Commissioning (SkySpark) CDCV Submetering BMS Lighting Find failed lab air control valves Review of fume hood sash management Ensure safe lab air quality Find excessive air flows due to point sources of heat Monitoring of fans, pumps, and lighting control systems Verification of energy retrofits Reduce demand charges by modifying operations Locate simultaneous heating and cooling Reset of static pressure to minimum required Control run times of office areas Lighting failures Lights on but not occupied Occupancy cross tuning of HVAC and Lighting

16 Evidence of Where Building s HVAC Energy Savings are Achieved Hewi\ Hall Lab 2501 Gross Hall Lab 2200

17 17 Croul Hall Original Stacks

18 18 Croul Hall 8-Foot Extensions

19 UCI Smart Labs IniSaSve Laboratory Building BEFORE Smart Lab Retrofit AFTER Smart Lab Retrofit Name Type Average Es<mated ACH VAV or CV More efficient than code? Croul Hall P 6.6 VAV ~ 20% McGaugh Hall B 9.4 CV No Reines Hall P 11.3 CV No Natural Sciences 2 P,B 9.1 VAV ~20% Biological Sciences 3 B 9.0 VAV ~30% Calit2 E 6.0 VAV ~20% Gillespie Neurosciences M 6.8 CV ~20% Sprague Hall M 7.2 VAV ~20% Hewi\ Hall M 8.7 VAV ~20% Engineering Hall E 8.0 VAV ~30% Averages 8.2 VAV ~20% kwh Savings Therm Savings Total Savings 40% 40% 40% 57% 66% 59% 67% 77% 69% 48% 62% 50% 45% 81% 53% 46% 78% 58% 58% 81% 70% 71% 83% 75% 58% 77% 62% 59% 78% 69% 57% 72% 61% Type: P = Physical Sciences, B = Biological Sciences, E = Engineering, M = Medical Sciences 19

20 Were these feasible energy efficiency goals? Facility Type Goal Actual Laboratory building systems 50% 61% Classroom and office buildings 50% 50% (pilot) Data centers 50% TBD Housing/residence halls 40% 23% Modular buildings 50% 56% (pilot) Interior illumina<on 50% 60% Parking lots and structures 50% 79% Other exterior illumina<on 50% 60% Central plant/energy infrastructure 15% 25% and rising 20

21 Plugged In

22 What We Learned Since 2010 Digital-savvy tradespeople increasingly essen<al to keep smart buildings smart Beliefs and artudes are as important to success as technology, financing, and management Our most op<mis<c goals were too low! 22

23 23 15 Years of Energy Efficiency at UC Irvine

24 24 Two Decades of Energy Efficiency at UC Irvine

25 Other InteresSng Things We Learned ~40% of our energy efficiency is in our campus energy infrastructure, 60% in our buildings Energy-efficiency does not enhance load management Our most important energy storage device is not a ba\ery Co-benefits more significant than expected! 25

26 26 UCI Campus Energy Infrastructure

27 Co-benefits of Deep Energy Efficiency Many HVAC deferred maintenance problems fixed/funded through energy savings Informa<on layer provides real-<me commissioning and air quality track-record Ligh<ng efficacy improved Quieter buildings inside and outside Cleaner indoor air Longer service life for heat-producing and fric<on-producing building system components Avoided capital investments for genera<on, central plant chillers, and infrastructure 27

28 Presented Thursday, September 14, at the EEDAL2017 Conference on Energy Efficiency in Domes<c Appliance and Ligh<ng, UCI 2017 Regents of the University of California