Dr. Martin Bittens, TASK Environmental Research Center - UFZ, LeipziG. Presentation: Partial Source Removal Technologies.

Transcription

1 Dr. Martin Bittens, TASK Environmental Research Center - UFZ, LeipziG Presentation: Partial Source Removal Technologies Short biography Martin Bittens, a chemist by training, is the manager of the SAFIRA II research program "Revitalization of Contaminated Land and Groundwater at Megasites" and responsible for the implementation of demonstration measures at the SAFIRA II sites. He is also involved in research activities in the area of risk assessment/decision support with specific focus on the development of methods quantifying the vapor intrusion in buildings caused by contaminations in the subsurface. Martin Bittens contributes as co-leader to the "Terra-, Aqua- & Site Remediation Competence Centre and Network" (TASK), an initiative for innovation, technology and know-how transfer in contaminated land management and sustainable site revitalization. 28/8/2009/DWIH/BAH/dmc/P:\DWIH Meetings_Events\2009_08_30-01_09_Deutsch Brasiliansiche Wirtschaftstage 2009 _Vitoria\Workshop I\Bittens\Martin Bittens.doc 1

2 Competence Centre for Soil, Groundwater Remediation and Site Revitalisation Partial Source Removal Technologies SEITE 1

3 Challenge: Cost Efficient Source Removal Expedited (Partial) Source Removal by Thermal Methods Remote control Radio-wave generator Matchbox Extractor Process control Effluent clean-up Heat exchanger Optical temperature measurement E [V/m] Monitoring of electrical field strength Power supply Radio-wave transmission line INTEGRAL INVESTIGATIONS Activated carbon Q, C(t) Q, C(t) ENHANCED INTRINSIC DEGRADATION PARTIAL EFFICIENT SOURCE & EXPEDITED SOURCE REMOVAL Tank "cold" electrode RELIABLE & LONG-TERM MONITORING Extraction wells "hot" electrodes Tank "cold" electrode TREATMENT OF COMPLEX MIXTURES SEITE 2

4 Thermal Methods: Windows Of Application Source Zone Remediation In-situ Technology Organic Contaminants LNAPL (e.g. mineral oil, BTEX) Vadose zone Aquitard Saturated zone DNAPL (e.g. CHC LNAPL and DNAPL Soil Types: Gravel-Sand Through Silt- Clay SEITE 3

5 Thermally Enhanced Soil Vapor Extraction (I) Steam or Steam-Air Injection Heat Front contaminant source unsaturated zone low k zone Steam/Steam-Air Injection Into Unsaturated/Saturated Zone Air As Carrier Gas Steam For Heat Transfer residual NAPL dissolved phase saturated zone low k zone SEITE 4

6 Heat Propagation (Unsaturated Zone) temperature h EK4 Injection UZ: GWL1 I1 I3 I2 EK1 EK2 I1 day 1 Injection UZ: I1 + I2 day 12 EK5 EK3 temperature 288 h EK4 I2 EK1 GWL1 I3 EK2 I1 EK5 EK3 UZ SZ Z Y X temperature I2 EK1 5 GWL1 I3 575 I Z Injection UZ: I1 + I2 + I3 day 30 Injection UZ: I1 + I2 + I3 + EK3 day h EK4 EK2 EK5 EK3 Y X temperature h EK4 565 I2 EK1 5 GWL1 I3 575 EK2 I EK5 EK UZ SZ Z Y X Z Y X SEITE 5

7 Pilot Field Extracted Mass Of Benzene SVE AS steam-air injection (SAI) UZ SAI saturated zone (SZ) SAI SZ + UZ SAI UZ cooling Phase Phase Phase Phase Phase Phase Phase Th SVE: 2160 h > 21 AS h AS 21 AS h I1 21 o I2 h SAI 21 field h EK3 h 21 SAI h(i1u) 21 SAI h (I1u+I2u) 21 h --> 21 entire h field 21 h 21 UZ h (silt) 21 h entire 21 hfield Phase 1: 2130 kg Phase 2: 4050 kg Phase 3.1 (UZ): 6330 kg Phase 3.2 (SZ): 6630 kg Phase 3.3 (SZ+UZ): 6710 kg Phase 3.4 (SZ), : 6720 kg benzene by soil vapour [g/m³] I1 I1+I2 I1 - I3 I1u I1u+ I2u Soil Vapour Benzene (g/m³) Soil Vapour Benzene (g/m³) Cumulative Mass [kg] Log. Decline SVE [g/m³] Taktung 7h ein, 1 h aus mass benzene [kg] 10 0 regression curve "cold" SVE I1u+ I2u I1o + I3o I1o+ I3o I2u + EK Zeit [d] SEITE 6

8 Heating of Pilot Field Energy Consumption 100 SVE Phase 1 AS Phase 2 steam-air injection (SAI) UZ Phase 3.1 SAI saturated zone (SZ) Phase 3.2 SAI SZ + UZ Phase 3.3 SAI UZ Phase 3.4 cooling Phase 4 T SVE: 60 > AS AS AS I1 o I2 SAI field 1-3 +EK3 SAI (I1u) SAI (I1u+I2u) --> entire field UZ (silt) entire field BLA AS 360 Temperature [ C] average temperature av. temperature m av. temperature m av. temperature SZ m energy of field [Mwh] energy input [mwh] Energy [MWh] time [d] SEITE 7

9 SEITE 8 Steam Air Injection - Equipment

10 Thermally Enhanced Soil Vapor Extraction (II) Heating Lances Energy Sources: Electricity, Stesam, Hot Air Direct Ohmic Heating V 50 or 60 Hz m T< 100 C Strong Temperature Gradients Method Applicable For Soils With Sufficient Humidity SEITE 9

11 Dielectric Soil Heating 380 V 50 Hz Radio-wave generator MHz Matchbox Scheme of an arrangement of radio-wave soil heating Fibre optical temperature measurement Analytical tools Radio-wave generator Matchbox Electrode system in the soil Process control T > 250 C possible Addition of air, water and nutrients Off-gas cleaning, catalytic oxidation Applied electrode geometries - Direct heat generation in the soil volume - High flexibility (temperature programmes) - Can be applied for dry and humid, sandy and tenaceous materials, e.g. soils - Parallel plate or net-shaped electrodes - Arrays of rod-like electrodes (optional: also used as extraction wells) - Radio-wave antennas SEITE 10

12 Radio Frequency Waves - Equipment Bioremediation facility Radio-wave generator Soil reactor (up to 20 m 3 ) building with radio-wave and matching network with two parallel electrodes heated soil reactor and electromagnetic shielding Radio-wave Fibre optical transmission line temperature sensors SEITE 11

13 In-Situ Groundwater Treatment with Colloids Carbo-Iron Composite Material of Nano-Fe On AC micro-particles (d 50 = 0.8 µm) 10 To 20 wt% Fe(0) Injectable as Stable Suspension Reactivity Analogue To Nano-Fe SEITE 12

14 Mobility of Carbo-Iron Colloids Carbo-Iron s surface charge Allows Longer Transport Lengths And Homogeneous Sedimentation AC particle size is optimal for long transport lengths. Stabilized colloids (5 wt-% humic acid) Sediment matrix m mobile [%] = m m carbo iron, out carbo iron, in 100% Carbo-Iron m mobile (l = 75 cm) = 90% Suitable for plume treatment! SEITE 13

15 Contributors Markus Hirsch, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ Frank-Dieter Kopinke, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ Hans-Peter Koschitzky, VEGAS, University of Stuttgart Katrin Mackenzie, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ Ulf Roland, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ Oliver Trötschler, VEGAS, University of Stuttgart SEITE 14