Rapid one-step conversion of biomass to total reducing sugars

Transcription

1 Bioraff Botnia Rapid one-step conversion of biomass to total reducing sugars Yue Dong

2 Content Introduction Objectives Part I: Acid-catalyzed mechanical depolymerization of biomass Part II: Tailored lonic liquid pre-treatment of biomass Conclusions References 2

3 Introduction Lignocellulosic Biomass Cellulose Hemicellulose Lignin Lignocellulosic Biomass Chemicals Renewable source Carbon source Gashouse gas balance (Dong, et al., 2015) e.g. Biofuel and Green 3

4 Pre-treatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass Delignification, Decrystallization and depolymerization Increasing porosity Solubility and reactivity Lignin Cellulose Hemicellulose Crystalline region of cellulose Amorphous of cellulose region Pretreatment Crystalline region of cellulose (Dong, et al., 2015) 4

5 Objectives Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Sugars Dissolution Hydrolysis One-step Reaction Acid-catalyzed mechanical depolymerization Tailored ionic liquid 5

6 Part I: Acid-catalyzed Mechanical Depolymerization Materials & Chemicals Pine sawdust (PSD) Celluose 42-44% Hemicellulose 25-26% Lignin 27-29% Cellulose as reference Sulphuric acid Total Reducing Sugar (TRS) Determination DNS method 6

7 Methodology (Dong, et al., submitted, 2016) 7

8 Acid concentration mol kg -1 0,225 0,8 0,95 1 0,9 0,8 0,7 0,6 0,5 0,4 0,3 0,2 0,1 0 T o p Middle B o ttom Collected samples from evaporation flask (Dong, et al., submitted, 2016) 8

9 Sugar solutions Cellulose 15 min 30 min 45 min 60 min 75 min PSD (Dong, et al., submitted, 2016) 9

10 Yield of TRS (%) Results PSD 0.2 mmol g -1 Cellulose 0.3 mmol g -1 PSD 0.3 mmol g PSD 0.45 mmol g Total milling duration (min) (Dong, et al., submitted, 2016) 10

11 Water solubility of processed pine sawdust (%) 100,0% 87,7% 88,8% 94,7% 92,5% 80,0% 78,3% 65,4% 70,9% 60,0% 59% 40,0% 42,1% 29,7% 20,0% 0,0% Total milling duration (min) 0.2 mol kg-1 non-hydrolysed 0.2 mol kg-1 hydrolysed (Dong, et al., submitted, 2016) 11

12 Part I: Conclusions a. Higher concentration acid (0.45 mmol g -1 ) yields high amount of TRS in a short time milling. b. Lower concentration acid (0.2 mmol g -1 ) needs longer milling time to achieve the similar amount of TRS. c. Higher concentration acid speeds up sugar degradation and lignin repolymerization. 12

13 Part II: Tailored Ionic Liquid Pre-treatment Tailored Ionic Liquids vs. Ordinary Ionic Liquids [glymim]hso 4, [hemim]hso 4 and [hpmim]hso 4 [Amim]Cl, [Bmim]Cl Fibre Sludge Main solid residual material in process wastewater Cellulose based (β-linked sugars): mass fraction of 93% on dry mass ~53% moisture content Horse Chestnut Seeds Obtained from a street in northern Germany Starch based (α-linked sugars) ~50% moisture content 13

14 Methodology Wet fibre sludge Dissolution and hydrolysis Cellulose regeneration + Tailored ionic liquid + Anti-solvent (hot distilled water) Filtration Solid phase: regenerated cellulose Liquid phase: ionic liquid, reducing sugars and antisolvent (Dong, et al., 2014) 14

15 Yield of produced TRS based on dry sample mass Results 35,0 % 30,0 % 29,0 % 25,0 % 20,0 % 15,0 % 13,0 % 10,0 % 5,0 % 0,0 % 4,0 % 2,2 % 0,5 % 0,8 % 0,5 % 0,5 % 0,5 % 0,7 % 1,4 % 0,2 % 5% 10% 15% 20% Water content in Ionic Liquid [glymin]hso4 [hemim]hso4 [hpmim]hso4 (Dong, et al., 2014) 15

16 Yield of produced TRS based on dry sample mass 25,0 % 20,0 % 20,0 % 20,0 % 15,0 % 10,0 % 9,0 % 5,0 % 0,0 % [glymin]hso4 [hemim]hso4 [hpmim]hso4 (Dong, et al., 2014) & (Dong, et al., 2015) 16

17 Part II: Conclusions a. Water is critical and necessary in one-step dissolution and hydrolysis. b. [glymim]hso 4 is good for breaking down β- 1,4 glycosidic bonds. c. [hemim]hso 4 and [hpmim]hso 4 are good for breaking down α-1,4 glycosidic bonds. 17

18 Overall Conslusions Acid-catalyzed mechanical depolymerization of biomass provides a rapid pretreatment for further chemical conversion. Tailored ionic liquids can save energy in material drying, since it can directly handle wet feedstock. 18

19 References Dong, Y. et al., Rapid one-step solvent-free acid-catalyzed mechanical depolymerization of pine sawdust to high-yield water-soluble sugars. Submitted to Biomass Bioenergy. Dong, Y. et al., Dissolution and hydrolysis of fibre sludge using hydroxyalkylimidazolium hydrogensulphate ionic liquids. Biomass Bioenergy, Volume 70, pp Dong, Y. et al., Direct acid-catalysed mechanical depolymerisation of fibre sludge to reducing sugars using planetary milling. Biomass Bioenergy, Volume 86, pp Dong, Y., Holm, J. & Lassi, U., Dissolution and Hydrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass using Tailored Ionic Liquids. In: S. Handy, ed. Ionic Liquids - Current State of the Art. s.l.:intech, pp

20 Bioraff Botnia Thank you! Project partners: