Long-term perspective on CO2 reduction by utilizing CCS technologies. Yutaka MATSUZAWA

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1 Japan CCS Forum 2018 Jun. 18, 2018 Long-term perspective on CO2 reduction by utilizing CCS technologies. Yutaka MATSUZAWA Director Climate Change Policy Division Global Environment Bureau Ministry of the Environment, Japan(MOEJ) 1

2 1 Climate Policy and Science 2

3 The Paris Agreement 2.1.a) Holding the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2 above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 above pre-industrial levels, recognizing that this would significantly reduce the risks and impacts of climate change; 4.1 In order to achieve the long-term temperature goal set out in Article 2, Parties aim to reach global peaking of greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible, recognizing that peaking will take longer for developing country Parties, and to undertake rapid reductions thereafter in accordance with best available science, so as to achieve a balance between anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases in the second half of this century, on the basis of equity, and in the context of sustainable development and efforts to eradicate poverty. 3

4 Current Situation of Global Warming The global average temperature has risen by 0.85 since the Industrial Revolution. ( ) 0.85 increase From1880 to 2012 (Year) Source: Fig. SPM.1, Summary of AR5 WG1 for decision-makers 4

5 Climate Change Science (the IPCC 5 th AR) Substantial cuts in greenhouse gas emissions over the next few decades is crucial. Mitigation pathways likely to maintain warming below 2 degrees require 1 40% to 70% emissions reductions by 2050 compared to emissions levels near zero or below in degrees if additional efforts to constrain emissions are not taken degrees if stringent efforts to constrain emissions are taken 5

6 Climate Change Science (the IPCC 5 th AR) 3. 変革及びシステムにおける変化 In the majority of low concentration stabilization scenarios (about 450 to about 500 ppm CO2-eq, at least as likely as not to limit warming to 2 degree Celsius above pre-industrial levels), the share of low carbon electricity supply (comprising renewable energy (RE), nuclear and CCS, including BECCS) increases from the current share of approximately 30% to more than 80% by 2050, and fossil fuel power generation without CCS is phased out almost entirely by

7 Long-term Cotribution of CCS IEA analyzes that CCS will contribute 14% of global cumulative emissions reductions by 2060, if the long-term temperature rise is kept below 2. Fig. Key technologies to reduce power sector CO 2 emissions Source: IEA Energy Technology Perspectives

8 2 Japan s Policy on CCS 8

9 METI & MOEJ Agreement on Fossil Fuel Fired Power Plants METI&MOEJ, April, 2013 To urge the power sector to develop an effective sector-wide framework for CO 2 emissions reduction In relation to 2050 goal of GHG emission reduction: To accelerate technology development of CCS and conduct survey on potential CO 2 storage sites for commercialization of CCS by around 2020 To consider introduction of CCS at coal-fired power plants by 2030 and identify requirements for CCS Ready For power plants expected to operate up to 2050, we urge operators to consider technology development for practical use of CO2 capture facilities. 9

10 Strategic Energy Plan Cabinet Decision on April, 2014 Research and development will be conducted with a view to practical use of the carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology around 2020 and a study will be conducted on introducing CCS-ready facilities as early as possible with due consideration given to the possible timing of the commercialization of CCS. Through these measures, the introduction of coal thermal power generation that gives consideration to further reduction of the environmental impact will be promoted. 10

11 MOEJ s Long-Term Low Carbon Vision Central Environment Council, March 2016 As images of significant reduction in various sectors in 2050: Share of low carbon electricity supply (i.e., renewable energy, CCS and nuclear) increases to more than 90% CCS and CCU to be deployed to most of the fossil fuel fired power plants and a part of other industrial emission sources 11

12 3 CCS Projects under the MOEJ Initiative 12

13 Basic concept of MOEJ s CCS Projects The establishment of carbon market is necessary for the self-motivated introduction of CCS in business. The Japanese government is responsible for research, development and implementation of CCS. MOEJ makes an appropriate contribution to the promotion of CCS toward the long-term GHG reduction: financial supports for research, development and implementation of CCS ; preparations for the necessary domestic legislation. 1. Investigation of Potential CO2 Storage Sites (FY2014-FY2021, Joint project with Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry) 2. Sustainable CCS project (Post Combustion Capture Demonstration ) (FY2014-FY2020) 13

14 Project Schedule Potential CO2 storage sites (joint project w./meti) seismic survey selection of appropriate boring survey and evaluation sites 2. Sustainable CCS Project (Post Combustion Capture Demonstration ) investigation of elemental technologies Evaluation of environmental impacts etc. of CO2 capture process for coal-fired power plants investigation of effective approach for smooth CCS introduction practical use 14

15 1. Investigation of Potential CO2 Storage Sites FY2018 budget: MOEJ 550 million yen, METI 550 million yen Identify potential CO2 storage sites in waters surrounding Japan until In FY2014-FY2017, Japan CCS Co., Ltd. was commissioned to conduct the project and is currently conducting the surveys and analyses of seismic data. seismic survey observation ship air Note) Mizuho Information & Research Institute creates these figures by using data of RITE Nationwide storage potential quantity survey, and NEDO/AIST (2012) Evaluation of integrated system covering from power generation to carbon dioxide storage etc. 15

16 2.Sustainable CCS Project (Post Combustion Capture Demonstration ) MOEJ FY2018 budget: 4.7 billion yen CCS (Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage) is a critical technology for achieving our 80% GHGs (greenhouse gases) emissions reduction target in TOSHIBA ENERGY SYSTEMS & SOLUTIONS CORPORATION, the representative of this project, demonstrates the technology of capturing CO 2, and the participating parties (Mizuho Information & Research Institute and 15 other organizations) addresses issues on the introduction of CCS in Japan. This 5-year project (FY ) is funded by the Japanese government, Ministry of the Environment (MOE). Demonstration of CO 2 capture technology integrated with coal-fired power plant The facility that captures CO 2 from emissions of the coal-fired power plant (Mikawa Power Plant, 50MW) using amine-based solvents is constructed and demonstrated while assessing environmental impacts. Investigation of strategies to introduce CCS in Japan The strategies for enabling CCS in Japan are developed by investigation the following: Methods for mitigation of CO 2 leakage and remediation on offshore storage Regulations and measures communication strategy and knowledge sharing platform Smooth and appropriate introduction of CCS for Japan Fig. CO 2 capture demonstration plant (image) (Source: Technology development Policy and measures Public consensus 16

17 Project leader Project Members Representative party Participating parties (Administrator) Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry 17

18 Demonstration Plants to CO2 Capture technology Demonstration plants to capture more than 500t-CO2/day will be constructed by 2020 and be evaluated emission mitigation methods. Mikawa PP Absorber Cooling Tower Stripper Sigma Power Ariake Co., Ltd. Mikawa Power Plant Omuta City, Fukuoka, Japan Integration and demonstration of power plant with CO2 capture facility Acceleration of commercialization of the technology Deployment CCS and CO2 emissions reductions in Japan 18

19 Demonstration of energy-saving CO2 capture technology in the US Demonstration test of innovated amine solid sorbent for postcombustion CO2 capture is planned to be implemented, at Wyoming Integrated Test Center (ITC), based on the MOU between JCOAL and the state of Wyoming. In FY2018, MOEJ conducts Feasibility Study on the new sorbent at Wyoming ITC which includes site survey, concept design of test plant. MOEJ hopes that this demonstration will be a show case of the bilateral cooperation between Japan and US. Dry Fork Power Station Generation capacity :400MW Fuel used :Pulverized coal Dedication Ceremony of ITC 19

20 Case of CO2 transport Land pipeline CO2 Transport Wyburn(Canada, 3.0Mtpa, 315km) Century Plant(USA, 8.4Mtpa, 256km), Many others (Mainly EOR) Subsea pipeline Snohvit(Norway, 0.7Mtpa, 152km) CO2 transport ship Coral Carbonic(Flag; Netherlands, Deadweight; 1786t, -40, 18atm) Yara Froya(Flag; Norway, Deadweight; 1800t, -25, 15atm) Japan s subsea topographical conditions: Several steep slopes are observed along the coastal area. CO2 storage site have not been identified yet, but not only coastal zone but also offshore could be selected as the site. Transport method should be considered. 20

21 What we should do next? Demonstration of full-chain CCS systems in Japan including CO2 capture, transportation, injection and storage. Further accelaration of investigation of potential CO2 storage sites. Technological road map for conducting R&D on full-chain CCS systems and investigation of the storage sites. 21