Environmental Science Chapter 14: Water

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1 Name: Pd: Date: Environmental Science Chapter 14: Water Please read through the text to get definitions for the following words. Vocabulary Section 1 Freshwater (421) Surface Water (422) Runoff (422) River System (422) Watershed (422) Groundwater (424) Permeable (424) Impermeable (424) Aquifer (424) Water Table (424) Recharge Zone (425) Well (425) 1/5

2 Chapter 14: Earth: The Water Planet Please answer the following questions using the powerpoint. The book will HELP but not all of the answers are there. 1. Why is it SO important to conserve water in New Jersey? 2. What has happened already over water control? 3. According to the CIA, what will happen in the future? 4. What is the MAIN reason people live longer now? 5. What are the TWO main sources of water use in the U.S.? 6. Find the percentages of the following a. Water that covers the earth= b. Of all the water, what percentage is saltwater= 7. Where is MOST freshwater stored and inaccessible? 8. As a resource, how can water be described in two opposite ways? 9. How is water distributed and what does it depend on? 10. Where do cities get their water from? 11. How does a watershed vary? 12. How are watersheds defined? 13. Why is NOT fair if one state that is upstream uses more water than another state that is downstream? 14. What are TWO benefits of dams? 15. What are three NEGATIVE effects of dams? 16. What is an aquifer? 2/5

3 17. Although NEW water constantly goes into an aquifer, HOW LONG does it take to create and totally RECHARGE an aquifer? ***NOTE: The ZONE OF AERATION=area above the water line in an aquifer ZONE OF SATURATION= area where the water if found in an aquifer 18. What THREE things release groundwater daily worldwide? 19. What is the problem that is seen with Aquifers? 20. What is one plan or solution to low aquifers? 21. What kind of water is the mostly used in the U.S.? 22. What two things have caused a problem to surface water? 23. Why does groundwater mining turn water into a non-renewable resource? 24. What TWO things can happen when groundwater is depleted? 25. What is Desalinization? a. What is the Advantage?. b. What are the THREE disadvantages? i.. ii.. iii What is drip irrigation? 27. What are climate appropriate crops? 28. What are TWO ways to decrease water demand in Industry? 29. What is Water Conservation? 30. What is Xeriscaping and Xerogardening? 31. Where does MOST freshwater pollution come from? 3/5

4 32. How long can a person live without freshwater? 33. What is the DEFINITION of water pollution? 34. Where is water pollution getting better? 35. Where is water pollution getting worse? 36. What is POINT POLLUTION? 37. What is EASY about POINT POLLUTION? 38. What can point pollution include? 39. What two effects can point pollution have? 40. What is NONPOINT pollution? 41. What is HARD about NONPOINT POLLUTION? 42. What percentage of water pollution in the U.S. is NONPOINT POLLUTION? 43. What is WASTEWATER treatment? 44. What is ONE thing that cannot be treated in Wastewater treatment? 45. Why is a byproduct of Wastewater treatment? 46. Why is that byproduct bad? 47. What are water pathogens? 48. How are water pathogens removed? 49. What is BIOLOGICAL MAGNIFICATION? 50. What are the THREE steps to ARTIFICIAL EUTROPHICATION? 51. What is the MAIN cause of CULTURAL Eutrophication? 4/5

5 52. What is thermal pollution? 53. Where does it happen? 54. Why is it bad to organisms? 55. What is sediment pollution? 56. What does it result from? 57. What are FOUR negative results of sediment pollution? d What are the THREE main sources of GROUNDWATER pollution? 59. How long will it take to CLEAN groundwater pollution? 60. What is the MAIN idea to STOPPING groundwater pollution? 61. What are the THREE main points to the CLEAN WATER ACT? 62. Where does MOST bottled water come from? 63. What does the government NOT do to bottled water? 64. What substance is the MAIN ocean pollutant? 65. What percentage of ocean pollution comes from land activities? 66. What is caused by DIRECTLY dumping pollution into the ocean? 67. What can nutrient pollution CAUSE in the ocean? 68. What are TWO things that are restricted by laws against ocean pollution? 69. Within HOW MANY miles does a country have COMPLETE control of responsibilities and activities in the ocean? 70. Within HOW MANY miles does a country have COMPLETE economic control of activities in the ocean? 5/5