Introduction Nowadays, we always use the plastic in our normal life. You can find plastic wherever you go. For example wrapping film, plastic bag,

Transcription

1 Plastic Pollution

2 Introduction Nowadays, we always use the plastic in our normal life. You can find plastic wherever you go. For example wrapping film, plastic bag, wash bottle, buckets, pipes, records, table-coat, windows etc. Although plastic is very useful, it causes many pollution problems and wastage of materials when disposal.

3 Plastics are polymers. The most simple definition of a polymer is something made of many units. Think of a polymer as a chain. Each link of the chain is the "-mer" or basic unit that is usually made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and/or silicon. To make the chain, many links or "-mers" are hooked or polymerized together. H C H H C H n

4 There are many types of plastic. For example: 1. Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) 2. High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)

5 3. Vinyl/Polyvinyl Chloride(PVC) 4. Polystyrene (PS)

6 5. Polypropylene (PP) 6. Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) e.g. soda bottles The others are acrylic, poly-carbonate, nylon, MISC, Perspex, urea-methanal and phenol-methanal

7 Formation of a plastic bucket

8 Marine lives remains Under high temperature, pressure and the action of bacteria for millions of years

9 Crude oil Fractional distillation

10 Heavy oil Cracking

11 Ethene Polymerization Polymer H H C C H H H C H C H H n

12 Moulding A plastic bucket

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15 THE PROBLEMS OF PLASTIC Today plastic is used to make, or wrap around, many of the items we buy or use. Plastics are used because they are easy and cheap to make and they can last a long time. The problem comes when we no longer want these items and how we dispose of them, particularly the throw away plastic material used in wrapping or packaging. Unfortunately these same useful qualities can make plastic a huge pollution problem. Because plastic does not decompose, and requires high energy of ultraviolet light to break down, the amount of plastic waste in our oceans is steadily increasing.

16 A projection of post-consumer plastic waste is shown for different sectors in the year 2000

17 1. Air pollution Heat energy produced by burning plastics can generate electrical energy, however burning of plastic produces toxic gases such as Cl 2. This kind of gas will damage our respiratory system and cause serious air pollution.

18 The energy giving out when burning different types of plastic

19 2. Water pollution This plastic can affect marine wildlife in two important ways: by entangling creatures, and by being eaten.

20 3. Land pollution Since plastics are non-biodegradable, a lot of land would be wasted for landfill.

21 Nowadays, the pollution problems are very serious, so we should solve these immediately. We can solve the problem by: 1. Reduce 2. Reuse 3. Recycle

22 Reduce Reduction of the amount of plastic used in packaging, which is usually immediately thrown away. Re-use of plastics is very important. One of plastic's most unique properties is its durability. This durability makes it one of the materials of choice for commonly reused items such as food storage containers and refillable sports bottles.

23 Reuse Reuse of plastics also helps offset trash disposal costs and reduces the amount of waste sent to landfills should be encouraged. More than 1,400 quality products made with or packaged in post-consumer recycled plastics are now commercially available.

24 Recycle Recycled plastics are used to make polymeric timbers for use in picnic tables, fences, and outdoor toys, thus saving natural lumber. Plastic from 2-liter bottles is even being spun into fiber for the production of carpet.

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27 Actually, the government have done a lot of things to reduce the problem, but the most important is the co-operation of the citizen.

28 Come on! Do something to protect our beautiful planet!

29 Group members:cheng Yi Sha, Amy Chow, Leung Ka Ki and Ng Yan Wing Thank you for your attention! BYE-BYE!

30 Question: Which type of plastic have the recycling code 5? A. polyethene B. polypropene C. Polvinyl choride D. Urea methanal