Innovative Financing Instruments for Energy Efficiency Experiences from Germany Jiné; 0,49

Transcription

1 Innovative Financing Instruments for Energy Efficiency Experiences from Germany Jiné; 0,49 power generation; 21% upstream CH4 reductions; 18% energy efficiency, 49% industrial motors; 14% appliances and lighting; 14% heating and cooling; 15% fossil fuel subsidies; 12% road transport; 6% IEA: Efficiency is the most important means of reducing CO emissions. Referent 1

2 State of Play in Germany

3 Domestic Production Imports State of Play Energy consumption in Germany 2014 Source: AGEB, 2015 Total Domestic Energy Primary Energy Consumption Export and Storage Non-energy consumption Conversion losses Final Energy Consumption Consumption in energy sector Industry Transport Households Commerce, Trade, Services 3

4 Source: AGEB 2015 Petajoule [PJ] State of Play where do we use energy? Development of Germany s final energy consumption by sector trade, commerce & service households transport industry 0 Historic data shows little change in the overall distribution between sectors. The largest savings were achieved by the trade, commerce and service sectors Referent 4

5 Source: Ecofys 2017 based on UBA 2017, World Bank 2017, AG Energiebilanzen 2017 Index 1990=100 Efficiency measures allow clean growth by decoupling economic development from energy consumption status ,4 146,6 91,0 * final energy productivity final energy productivity target GDP primary energy demand primary energy demand target GHG emissions 50 72, GHG emissions target * status 2015 National targets: +2.1% final energy productivity p.a. 2020/2050: 20/50% reduction vs : 80-95% reduction vs /28/2018 5

6 Source: Ecofys 2018 based on BMWi 2016, UBA 2018, AGEB 2018 The Energiewende is Germany s long-term energy and climate strategy Achieved Climate % greenhouse gas reduction (vs. 1990) 27.6% (2016) to to Renewable Energy % gross electricity consumption % gross final energy consumption 36.2% 36% 14.8% (2016) to to Primary energy consumption (vs. 2008) -6.0% -6% Energy Efficiency Final energy productivity (vs. 2008) Primary energy demand in buildings (vs. 2008) 1.1% p.a. (2016) -15.9% (2015) 4,380 PJ (2008) +2.1% p.a. ( ) Final Final energy consumption in in transport (vs. (vs. 2005) +1.3% (2015) to to -20 5/28/2018 6

7 Energy Efficiency Policy 7

8 Source: Ecofys 2015 Energy efficiency policy frameworks Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) 2030 Targets Energy Efficiency Directive (EED) Energiekonzept (2010) National Action Plan on Energy Efficiency (NAPE) (2014) Energy Efficiency Strategy for Buildings (2015) Ecodesign and Energy Labelling Directive EU policy Policies in Germany Germany s energy efficiency policy is embedded in the EU framework Speaker 8

9 What does Germany do for efficiency? 4 Pillars of the German Efficiency Policy 1. Awareness: information and consulting services 2. Financial incentives: 3 billion p.a. (2 billion alone for CO2 building modernization programme; provision of grants & lowinterest rate loans) 3. Regulation (building codes, ecodesign & labeling directive, energy audits in industry, ETS) 4. Energy taxation IEA: Germany avoided 30 billion USD of fossil fuel imports in 2014 alone as a result of energy efficiency investments since 1990 (all IEAmembers: 80 billion USD)

10 Source: BMWi 2017 A sound mix of energy efficiency instruments is key to achieving Germany s emissions reduction targets KfW CO 2 building renovation programme Market incentive programme Technology grants Highly efficient crosssectional technologies Competitive invitations to tender for power efficiency (STEP up!) Statutory requirements placed on buildings quality and energy consumption for new buildings and renovations (EnEV) EDL Act Energy consumption labelling (EU) Provision of information by the public sector Advisory services Comprehensive communication measures EU emissions trading Energy charge, electricity tax, car tax, lorry toll Broad-based and wellnetworked energy research Financial assistance Quantitative measures Regulatory law Pricing measures Information & advice Research & development 5/28/

11 The National Action Plan on Energy Efficiency (NAPE) Speaker 11

12 National Action Plan Energy Efficiency (NAPE) Installed 2014 basically to extend the energy efficiency policy and to react on a gap between projected GHG emissions and the national CO2 emission objective for 2020 Total expected reduction of GHG emissions Mt CO2-e + 5,5 Mt by additional fast response measures July 2015 (and reduction of PJ PEC) > 30 programs/projects; funding and information, total budget 17 bn (including additional fast response measures 2015) Evaluation mandatory for all programs (partly bundled)

13 Source: Ecofys 2015 based on BMWi 2014 NAPE: Additional energy efficiency measures in Germany Quality assurance and optimising energy consulting 85 51, Savings in PJ 12, ,5 Incentives for energy-efficient renovations (total savings not clear) Upgrading, continuation and increased funding of the CO2 building renovation programme Promoting energy performance contracting National energy-efficiency label for old heating installations Upgrading the KfW energy efficiency programmes Energy efficiency networks initiative 50,5 74,5 Obligation to perform energy audits for non-smes National top runner initiative Introduction of a competitive tendering scheme for energy efficiency Additional immediate measures These measures shall lead to additional energy savings of PJ by

14 NAPE - Strengthening existing schemes Buildings: CO2 building modernization programme (+200 million; inclusion of commercially used buildings; heat pump programme) Buildings: Energy renovation roadmaps (on-site consultation aiming on phased building modernization) Industry: New promotional schemes (horizontal technologies, waste heat utilization) Strengthening of consulting services Awareness campaign

15 NAPE 3 Examples of Innovative financial approaches Tendering scheme (using competition to define scope of incentives and technologies) Metering savings programme (supporting digital services to measure savings) Efficiency Campaign

16 Source: Ecofys 2017 Energy efficiency tender system: funding for the highest savings Companies (individual projects) Proof of energy savings Government Tendering agency Application Companies (collective projects) End user(s): industry & trade private sector Contract (incl. MRV) Energy service providers Measures (incl. MRV) Funding quota max. 30% of investment costs and 0.10 /kwh saved Min. amortization rate of three years Open for individual and collective projects Between 26 and 51.5 PJ can be realized in energy savings until /28/

17 STEP up! at a glance Subject of funding and funding approach Subject of funding are investments in electrical efficiency measures by companies at their own or their clients assets Competitive funding approach: Funding will be awarded to bids for measures with the most economic cost-benefit ratio (Euro funding per saved kwh). Subsidy for investment in measures improving electrical energy efficiency Funding according to GBER (EU): up to 30% of extra investment costs necessary to achieve higher level of energy efficiency Type and Rate of funding From application of power-saving applied for components to systemic optimisation of processes Requirements for application Eligible for funding are all companies based in Germany Compliance with tender criteria: Pay back period related to electricity costs > 3 y., with economic lifetime of technical investment of at least 10 years Maximum admissible cost-benefit ratio Max./min. limits for funding being Opportunity to let the market search for the most cost-efficient, feasible savings of electrical energy efficiency Until 2020 saving of up to 3 Mt CO 2 - Equivalent Idea and target of STEP up! Mandana Hazrat, Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy - 05 October 2017, Berlin 17

18 I. Einsparzähler (Energy Savings Meter) are pilot projects to save in different sectors/ use cases

19 II.... are based on different hard- & software Smart Home Smart Plug Smart Meter Smart Building household commercial Smart Phone Tablet Computer-Screen Sensoring Measurement, Controlling, Energiemanagement- Systems industrial other Screens 19 ESM are pilot projects

20 III. Requirements 1. Baseline definition 2. Robust measurement methodology incl. a precise definition of boundary of the energy system 3. detection of devices / machinery 4. individualized user-information & additional services for energy savings 5. regular Performance checks (Measurement) 6. IT-Security and data protection

21 IV. aid / mode of payment Overall amount of state aid is cut in two parts: enabling (basic) aid performance based aid 1) 50% based on project costs 2) 50% based on saved energy (in ct/kwh)

22 Efficiency Campaign 5/28/

23 Thank you for your attention!

24 Source: Ecofys 2015 based on BMWi 2014 NAPE: Efficiency measures and their expected savings PJ savings Quality assurance and optimising of energy consulting 4.0 PJ Incentive programme for energy-efficient renovation up to 40 PJ Continuation and increased funding of the CO2 building modernisation programme 12.5 PJ Promoting energy performance contracting PJ National energy-efficiency label for old heating installations 10.0 PJ National top runner initiative 85.0 PJ Pilot programme for energy savings meters - Introduction of a competitive tendering scheme for energy efficiency Upgrading the KfW energy efficiency programmes Energy efficiency networks initiative Obligation to perform energy audits for non-smes PJ 29.5 PJ 74.5 PJ 50.5 PJ 85 PJ savings PJ savings A balance of information, support and regulation Speaker 24

25 Source: Ecofys 2015 based on AGEB, 2014, BMWi 2014 Energy efficiency in buildings Sector relevance of final energy 35% consumption in ,027 PJ 35,0% Buildings consumption Sector measures Information campaign Energy consulting KfW programmes for energyefficient construction and renovation Heating check and labelling Energy saving legislation (EnEV) Energy performance certificates Key points of the energy efficiency strategy for buildings NAPE immediate measures Energy efficiency incentive programme Enhancement of the KfW programmes for energy-efficient construction and renovation Buildings have great potential, but greater efforts are needed to achieve a virtually climate neutral building stock Speaker 25

26 Source: Fraunhofer ISI, IREES and Hassan 2013 The NAPE adresses existing barriers and new areas Industrial efficiency: challenges and measures Barriers Amortisation requirements Operational write-offs Financing Upfront-investment Lack of information and time Measures KfW credits and loans Grants for cross-cutting technologies and energy efficient production processes Competitive tendering Energy audits Energy management systems Energy efficiency networks Some barriers still inhibit the implementation of economically-viable energy efficiency measures Speaker 26

27 Stepping up energy efficiency in buildings, i.a. Continuation and upgrading (+200 million p.a.) of CO 2 Building Modernisation Programme (extension to commercial buildings) Quality assurance and optimizing of energy consultation (e.g. onsite consultations with renovation roadmaps for phased renovations) Introduction of heating checks (using voluntary local heating checks whereby specialists [e.g. craftworkers or chimney sweeps] pinpoint weak points of existing heating systems) 27

28 Source: Ecofys 2015 Energy efficiency in trade/services and industry Sector relevance 44% 3,806 PJ Trade and service s Househ olds 26% of final energy consumption in 2014 Industr y 29% Transpo rt 30% Sector measures Obligatory energy audits Exemptions from EEG levy and eco tax when implementation of energy management system KfW credits and loans Grants for cross-cutting technologies and energy efficient production processes European emissions trading Voluntary agreements with the manufacturing sector NAPE immediate actions Competitive tendering Energy efficiency networks These sectors contributions depend strongly on reforming the EU emissions trading scheme Speaker 28

29 Source: Ecofys 2015 Energy efficiency in transport Sector relevance of final energy 30% consumption in ,629 PJ Trade and services ; Househ olds; Industry ; Transport; Sector measures Fuel taxes E-mobility strategy Motor vehicle taxation Mobility and fuel strategy NAPE immediate actions, e.g. Promoting the use of electrical drives Extension of road toll for heavy vehicles Promoting public transport Fuel taxes are the dominant measure in the transport sector Speaker 29

30 Source: IFEU, Fraunhofer ISI, Prognos, GWS et al Scientific assessment of energy efficiency potentials in 2030 Households Trade, commerce, services Transport Industry Crosscutting technologies Industry-specific technologies Heating and cooling Building renovation, renovation heating system and new building Building renovation, renovation heating system Relocating urban car traffic to public transport and cycling Truck driver training Electric motors Cooling supply Condensing gas boiler Basic chemicals Metal production Power and fuels Refrigerators, freezers Washing machine, tumble dryer Optimizing HVAC systems Refrigeration and freezing systems Introducing hybrid buses Introduction hybrid lightcommercial vehicles Efficient cars Ventilation systems other engine systems Pump systems Compressed air Paper industry Non-ferrous metals Minerals Glass and ceramics Lighting Lighting Street lighting Food industry LED traffic lights Lighting Lighting Information/ communication ICT equipment Office equipment Energyefficient driving Low rolling resistance tire cars Low rolling resistance tire trucks Trucks: lowviscosity oils A square of this size corresponds to a savings of 16 PJ / yr. German final energy consumption 2010: approximately 9000 PJ Referent 30

31 Competitive tendering scheme for energy efficiency Measures with the most economic cost-benefit ratio will be awarded Initial focus on electricity; first tendering procedure in 2016 Measures on company/institution level as well as bundled projects Open auctions (technology neutral) plus closed auctions for specific technologies The tendering scheme will motivate ESCOs, municipal utilities, energy cooperatives, manufacturers and others to identify economic ways to save energy. 31

32 Energy efficiency networks Regional best-practice exchange among 8-15 company practitioners in one network Networks aim on improving capacity within companies to plan and execute profitable investments in energy efficiency Pilot project with 30 networks (doubling of efficiency improvement compared to industry average) Goal of agreement between Federal Government and 20 industry and business associations: 500 networks until 2020 EE networks are a suitable instrument for advancing a culture of energy efficiency in industry, commerce and trade. 32

33 Source: IEA 2013; Worldbank 2014 Primary energy productivity in US$ 2005 / GJ Energy efficiency improvements in the G7 countries Germany France UK Italy USA Canada Japan Energy productivity levels differ largely, even between G7 countries Dr. Martin Schöpe 33

34 Source: Edelman.ergo and Ecofys 2017, data from AGEB 2017 Energy flow diagram for Germany 2016 Export and bunkering 2,623 PJ Conversion loss 2,913 PJ Non-energy consumption 967 PJ Energy sector consumption 521 PJ Statistical differences 14 PJ TOTAL primary energy supply 15,916 PJ PRIMARY energy consumption 13,293 PJ FINAL energy consumption 8,877 PJ transport 2,619 PJ industry 2,576 PJ Stock removals 56 PJ Imports 11,768 PJ Production 4,092 PJ households 2,289 PJ trade, commerce, services 1,393 PJ Speaker