Learning objectives. 5. Explain roles played by managers 6. Describe importance of the study of management

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2 Learning objectives 1. Define management 2. Explain four functions of management 3. Formulate vision and mission 4. Distinguish between efficiency and effectiveness 5. Explain roles played by managers 6. Describe importance of the study of management

3 What is Management? Management is an art of knowing what is to be done and seen that is done in the best possible manner. (planning and controlling) F W Taylor (farther of Scientific management) Management is to forecast, to plan to organize, to command, to coordinate and control activities of others. Henri Fayol (Farther of principles of Management)

4 What is Management? (cont.) Management is art of getting work done through and with people. Mary Parker Follett Management is a process of working with and through others to achieve organizational objectives in a changing environment, central to this purpose is the effective and efficient use of limited resources. Revert Kreiner

5 What is Management? (cont.) Management is multi-purpose origin that manages business, manage managers and manage workers and work. Peter Drucker

6 What is Management? (cont.) Management is the attainment of organizational goals in an effective and efficient manner through planning, organizing, leading and controlling organizational resources.

7 Efficiency and Effectiveness Efficiency getting the most output from the least input: maximum output from the given input Efficiency doing things right Effectiveness completing the activities so that organization s goals are attained. Effectiveness- doing the right thing Effectiveness involves choosing right goals Managers who are able to minimize the cost of resources needed to achieve goals are acting efficiency

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9 IS management an art or science? ART: Because it depends on the skills, aptitude & creativity of the manager SCIENCE: Because there is considerable knowledge in the field of management with basic principles for guidance of basic activities.

10 What is Management? (cont.) It is a process. It is utilization of resources to achieve predetermined objectives in efficient and effective manner. It is a practice of continually and consciously shaping organization. Management is making and implementing decisions which allocate limited resources in ways to achieve as best as possible an organization goals. Management is a social process consisting of planning, organizing, directing and controlling.

11 Functions of Management 1. Planning It is the process of setting up goals and determining the suitable course of action of achieving such goals. Planning is thinking of actions in advance. In planning you should know where you are, where you want to go ( Vision)and how do you get there (Mission). Planning is the guide on resource allocation, performing activities and monitoring the progress. Plan is made by the top management.

12 Planning Process 1. Selection of the goals for the organization 2. Formation of programmes to achieve goals 3. Identification activates, their relationships, resource requirement and time frame. 4. Identification of monitoring system

13 Vision The vision shows the ideal state position that the company wishes to achieve in the future. It is essentially the longer term aspiration of the organization. Examples Vision statement of Microsoft A personal computer in every home running software Vision statement of Oxfam- A just would without poverty

14 Mission According to Peter Dracker, the mission says why you what you do, not the means by which you do it. He mentioned that the following fundermental questions should be addressed in the mission. 1. What is our business? 2. What is valued by the customer? 3. What will be our business be? 4. What should our business be?

15 Mission (cont.) The mission statement focuses on the company s present operation. Examples Mission statement of Microsoft To help people and businesses throughout the world realize their full potential Mission statement of Oxfam To create lastly solutions to poverty, hunger and social injustice

16 Faculty of Agriculture- RUSL Vision Faculty of Agriculture envisions to be a dynamic, innovative and renowned centre for excellence in Agriculture Mission Mission of the Faculty of Agriculture is to produce innovative and dynamic graduates with sound knowledge and requisite skills towards achieving a sustainable development in agriculture, through creating a conducive environment for teaching, learning, research and dissemination of knowledge.

17 Objectives Objectives are more specific and seek to translate the mission into a series of objectives. Objective should be SMART Specific clear statement easy to understand Measurable to enable to measure Attainable possible to achieve Relevant appropriate to the mission and stakeholders Timed have time period for achieve ment Example : increase paddy production in major irrigation scheme by 5% in next maha season.

18 Functions of Management (cont.) 2. Organizing It is the process of arranging and allocating work, authority and resources among the employees for achieving organizational goals. Organizing is coordination of the human and material resources of an organization. Organizing is the acquisition and organization of the necessary land, labour, machinery, livestock and capital. Another part of organizing is seeking new people to join the organization that is called staffing. Make employees think; I can do it.

19 Functions of Management (cont.) 3. Leading Leading involves directing and motivating employees to perform task. It is the process of coordination of resources and motivation of people of an organization. Building relationship are important to achieve the goals. Make employees think; I will do it.

20 Functions of Management (cont.) 4. Controlling Process of ensuring that actual activities confirm the planned activities. The process involves: 1) establishing standards,2) measuring current performance, 3) comparing performance against standards, and 4) take corrective actions if a deviation is detected. Make employees think; I have done it.

21 Four Functions of Management

22 Who is a manager? People who are responsible for directing efforts aimed at helping organizations achieve their goals. Mangers are entrepreneur who initiate new projects, indentify opportunities and areas for business development. Managers are decision makers.

23 Successful Manager s attributes 1. Leadership 2. Team building 3. Analytical thinking 4. Creative thinking 5. Behavioral flexibility 6. Oral communication 7. Written communication 8. Resistance to stress 9. Tolerance of uncertainty 10. Listen to others

24 Why study management? 1. The more efficient and effective use of scarce resources that organizations make of those resources, the greater the relative well-being and prosperity of people in that society 2. Help people deal with their bosses and coworkers 3. Open a path to a well-paying job and a satisfying career 1-24

25 Why study management? (cont.) 2. Help people deal with their bosses and coworkers 3. Open a path to a well-paying job and a satisfying career 1-25