KERESKEDELEM ISMERETEK ANGOL NYELVEN EMELT SZINTŰ ÍRÁSBELI VIZSGA JAVÍTÁSI-ÉRTÉKELÉSI ÚTMUTATÓ

Transcription

1 1711 ÉRETTSÉGI VIZSGA május 17. KERESKEDELEM ISMERETEK ANGOL NYELVEN EMELT SZINTŰ ÍRÁSBELI VIZSGA JAVÍTÁSI-ÉRTÉKELÉSI ÚTMUTATÓ EMBERI ERŐFORRÁSOK MINISZTÉRIUMA

2 Guidelines for evaluating the performance of examinees During correction, all partial points awarded for partial solutions, as well as all errors and mistakes have to be indicated. When awarding points, the following principles have to be followed: 1. Maximum points can only be awarded for perfect solutions without any errors. In case of missing answers, the partial point awardable for the answer must be deducted. 2. In case of logical errors, all partial points must be deducted at the section where the error was made. In case of questions solved with calculation errors, half of the awardable partial points have to be deducted at the section where the error was made. At later stages of the question, if the examinee provides logically correct solutions the results of which are incorrect due a previous error, then these should be considered entirely correct, therefore no subsequent points should be deducted due to one error. 3. Only one answer per question may be evaluated. 4. In the case of calculation questions, indicating results only will not be sufficient; all partial calculations must also be indicated. 5. For True or False questions, simply indicating whether a given statement is True or False cannot be awarded any points, but each may be awarded for correct marking even if the explanation is incorrect. Incorrect indications accompanied by professionally sound explanations may be awarded 2 points. (Explanations that differ from those given in the correction-evaluation guide, but which are nonetheless correct can be awarded full points.) 6. There may be several correct solutions to the questions. Procedures (names) that differ from those given in the correction-evaluation guide may also be entirely correct and as such must be awarded full points. 7. For business documents, must be deducted for irregular corrections regardless of the number of mistakes. must be deducted at each question for failing to indicate measurement units, regardless of the number of mistakes. must be deducted at each question for inaccurate rounding, regardless of the number of mistakes. Answers provided in the correction-evaluation guide can only be awarded the points indicated. The indicated points can only be broken down further if specifically indicated. Resulting points may only be whole numbers írásbeli vizsga 2 / május 17.

3 I. Questions designed to measure the examinee s knowledge and ability to fill out business documents, conduct business correspondence and manage documents. Test questions I. Written (long-answer) questions Total: 12 points 1. Definitions 3 * 2 = 6 points Define the following terms in a few words Business letter: Business letters are written documents that were not written on the basis of a personal relationship between two people, but for the purposes of a business relationship Filing: Registration of sent and received documents in the log book Minutes: Recording of statements, decisions made at a given event in writing in a particular format. (Minutes are written documents created at a meeting, event.) 2. Multiple choice questions 3 * 1 = 3 points Select and underline the correct answer. No points are awarded in case of multiple solutions or unclear marking The following can be part of a business letter: a. introduction, body, conclusion. b. header, main part, closing part. c. greeting, narrative, closure. d. preface, argument, epilogue The grouping of business documents may not be a. written in ink or pencil. b. scrappable or non-scrappable. c. paper-based or electronic. d. subject to strict accounting or not subject to strict accounting írásbeli vizsga 3 / május 17.

4 2.3. Request for a quote may be prepared by a. the buyer. b. the seller c. the seller and the buyer as well. d. the supplier. 3. Description 3 points Describe the essence of a warranty, and list at least 4 content elements that certificates of warranty must contain. The essence of a warranty: the obligor guarantees for the duration of the warranty that the contract will be performed in full, that is, that the product concerned will operate faultlessly. Contents of a certificate of warranty can be the following: 2 points - company name and address, - name of the product, - serial number, - name and address of the manufacturing company, - date of purchase, - fields to be filled out in case of repairs, - issuer's signature and stamp. Each correct solution is worth one point. Maximum points that can be awarded: 2 points írásbeli vizsga 4 / május 17.

5 II. Business administration sample questions Total: 13 points 1. Please complete the following delivery note, based on the following data 8 points You are the employee of the bookstore Lánglelkek (address: Budapest, 1023, Hosszú utca 1; bank account number: ) A part of the order No. 23/2016 of one of the company's clients Családi Nap Alapítvány (address: Budapest, 1231, Alsó utca 321; bank account number: ) was delivered today (the date of the order and the administrator in charge not known). The remaining part of the order and invoice will be sent at a later date. A delivery note is issued on the books delivered. Books delivered: Judit Magos: Demény 10 units; unit price HUF 2980/unit Judit Magos: Gazdisodj okosan 10 units; unit price HUF 5500/unit Kovácsné Rozál Kis: Háziasszonyok könyve 10 units; unit price HUF 2200/unit Edited by Jolán Vad: Legkedvesebb meséim 10 units; unit price HUF 3300/unit The products are subject to 27% VAT. Question 1.1. Please issue the delivery note. Evaluation: Inclusion of the supplier's data (name, address, bank account number) Inclusion of the buyer's data (name, address, bank account number) Order Number Inclusion of the particulars of the book (author, address, VAT rate, unit of measurement, quantity, unit price, value) per line 4 points Date of issue, signature (2 correct answers for ) 1711 írásbeli vizsga 5 / május 17.

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7 2. Please complete the receipt, based on the following data 5 points As the employee of sole proprietorship Édes Mézes Mézeskalácsos (address: 2013 Pomáz, Petneházy utca 10, tax number: ), you have sold two heart-shaped biscuits decorated in the Kalocsa style, for HUF 750 each, and one heart-shaped biscuit with a mirror for HUF Calculation: 2 * = HUF 4000 Evaluation: Name, address, tax ID number of issuing company: Inclusion of the correct amount. Date Signature 1711 írásbeli vizsga 7 / május 17.

8 II. Questions designed to measure the examinee s knowledge, ability to plan and analyse trade and business activities I. Written (long-answer) questions 1. Multiple-choice questions 5 * s Select and underline the correct answer. No points are awarded in case of multiple or unclear markings can be subject to personal income tax. a. Only employees b. Natural and legal persons c. Only private individuals d. Anyone who selects the option 2. A VAT payment obligation arises, a. upon performance, or when the invoice is issued. b. when the revenue is credited to the company's account. c. upon the creation of the tax return by the taxpayer. d. when the current month is closed. 3. As a general rule, the content of a contract a. can be freely determined by the parties to the contract. b. is set out in a strict act of legislation. c. is determined by so-called sample contracts. d. is always determined by lawyers. 4. The figures in the merchandise balance a. must always be provided at consumer price. b. may be provided at any price, what is important is that every data should be specified using the same price. c. must always be provided at net purchase price. d. Must be determined on the basis of the FIFO principle írásbeli vizsga 8 / május 17.

9 5. The following is featured on the inventory entry sheet: a. the data of a product generated in the course of inventory taking. b. the data of several products. c. inventory reconciliation. d. the data of the complete inventory of the store. 2. Definitions 4 * 2 points Define the following terms in a few words Stock intensity: Expresses the change in average inventory for one percent in turnover change Staff headcount: The staff headcount includes employees that have entered into a full-time employment relationship with the given company Gross margin: The difference between net sales revenue and COGS. Or: The sum of the individual margins of the products sold Tax: State revenue that is unilaterally levied, forcibly collected, and is without direct consideration. 3. True or false statements 3 * 3 points Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and write your answer next to the statement. Explain your decision in both cases. (Correct answers are worth each, correct explanations 2 points each. Merely providing an answer without explanation may not be awarded any points.) 1. The planning of the commercial/trade process should always begin with the planning of purchasing, as purchasing marks the beginning of the commercial/trade process. F False. Planning should begin with the planning of sales revenue, as that will determine the quantity and composition of the goods that will need to be purchased írásbeli vizsga 9 / május 17.

10 2. Public dues and charges linked to wages payable by the employer form part of the gross wages. F False. Contributions and taxes payable by the employer represent a cost for the employer that is in excess of the wages. (Or: Contributions and taxes payable by the employer form part of personnel costs, not gross wages.) 3. When headcount utilisation improves, turnover decreases and the intensity of changes decreases as well. F False. The indicators do not correlate with each other in that way. Improving headcount utilisation, shows the ratio of the staff headcount nearing a 100 to the actual active employee headcount. (Or: Headcount turnover and turnover intensity shows the flow of employees, compared to the staff headcount, and is not a measure of headcount utilisation.) 4. Pairing up 5 points Pair up the different expenditures based on the type of profit they influence. Write the below expenditures on the space next to the appropriate type of profit. (Each 2 correct solutions are worth.) Expenditures: loan interest, dividend received, payroll costs, exchange loss, dividend paid, COGS, goods purchasing, VAT paid, depreciation, rent. payroll costs Influences operating COGS profit depreciation rent loan interest Influences profit on dividends received financial activity exchange loss Does not influence any type of profit dividends paid purchasing of goods VAT paid 1711 írásbeli vizsga 10 / május 17.

11 5. Comparison 3 points Compare profit and loss statements generated using the total cost method and the turnover cost method. List at least one common feature and two differences. Common features: 1 * - both contain the yields and expenditures of the company, therefore, the results will be the same, - the value of the individual profit components is the same, - amounts are settled at the same value for the same period. Differences: 2 * s - when using the total cost method, expenditures are grouped according to cost types, but - when using the turnover cost method, the same expenditure is divided into direct and indirect costs írásbeli vizsga 11 / május 17.

12 II. Sample questions concerning calculations, editing and preparation of tables and graphs 1. VAT accounting 9 points You are the owner of a retail clothing store. At the end of May, you perform calculations necessary for VAT accounting. The following information is known for these calculations: A part of the products sold in May were purchased from the supplier and paid for in April. This amounted to 20% of the sales revenue generated in May calculated at net sales price. The value of the products purchased in May was HUF thousand at net purchase price, of which 30% was not sold. In the course of other purchases, your partners have charged you HUF 87 thousand in VAT. For each product, 40% of the net purchase price is charged as price margin. Clothing products are subject to 27% VAT. Rounding precision: HUF thousand. Questions 1.1.Calculate the amount of VAT charged at the time of the sales. 5 points Of the total products purchased, value of the part sold in the current month calculated at net purchase price: * 0.7 = HUF thousand. Of the total products purchased, value of the part sold in the current month calculated at net sales price: * 1.4 = HUF thousand Total sales revenue at net sales price: / 0.8 = HUF thousand Or (1 400 / 0.8) * 1.4 = HUF thousand 2 point Turnover in the current month (gross sales revenue): * 1.27 = = HUF thousand VAT charged at sales: = HUF 662 thousand Or 2450 * 0.27 = HUF 662 thousand 2 point 1.2. Calculate the amount of VAT charged in advance. 3 points VAT charged on goods purchasing: * 0.27 = HUF 540 thousand Advance VAT charged on other purchases: HUF 87 thousand Total: = HUF írásbeli vizsga 12 / május 17.

13 1.3. Determine the amount of VAT to be accounted. Payable VAT: = HUF 35 thousand 2. Question related to the effective employment of employees 20 points Your company is engaged in wholesale and retail automotive spare parts trading activities. This sector is a rather labour intensive sector. You have collected all the necessary information, in order to analyse them so that you can formulate your vision for the future. You have been tracking employee headcount developments on a quarterly basis in the current year. You have summarised the data in the table below: Quarters Opening staff headcount Number of new hires Number of employees leaving the company Closing staff headcount Average employee headcount I II III IV Annual net sales revenue was HUF million. The company's productivity, however, fell short of the average in the sector. The usual labour cost percentage in the sector is 3%, and your company's labour cost percentage is less favourable than the industry average. Rounding precision for all indicators is to 1 decimal place. Questions 2.1. Determine the quarterly closing staff headcount figures, and then calculate the average annual staff headcount and the average annual active employee headcount figures. 6 points Quarterly closing headcount figures 1st quarter: = 24 persons 2nd quarter: = 25 persons 3rd quarter: = 24 persons 4th quarter: = 23 persons 1711 írásbeli vizsga 13 / május 17.

14 Average staff headcount:= ((22 / / 2 ) / 4 = 23.9 persons Average employee headcount: ( ) / 4 = 22.2 persons 2.2 Determine the indicator used for average headcount utilisation. Evaluate your results in one sentence. List at least four reasons that can explain the difference between staff headcount and active employee headcount figures. (Every 2 correct answers on the list are worth ) 4 points Headcount utilisation: 22.2 / 23.9 = 92.9% An average of 92.9% of the full-time employees of the company have reported for work at their place of work.. Reasons that can explain the difference: sick-leave, sick-leave benefits, voluntary reserve military service, vacation, etc. 2 points 2.3. Calculate the amount of monthly productivity and the labour cost percentage, if the monthly average wage is HUF /person. Interpret the calculated indicators, and then explain the relationship between them. (Please use the average annual employee headcount figures to calculate your productivity indicator) 4 points Productivity: / 12 / 22.2 = HUF thousand/person/month Or: 1162/12/22.2 = HUF 4.4 million/person/month Labour cost percentage: 140 / = 3.2% Or: 0.14/4.4 = 3.2% Interpretation: The per capita monthly sales revenue is HUF thousand; labour cost represents 3.2% of sales revenue. Correlations: This also means that the costs of the wages paid to employees represent 3.2% of productivity. Or: The labour cost percentage shows the cost of labour, whereas productivity shows how efficiently the store uses the available employee headcount írásbeli vizsga 14 / május 17.

15 Or: The labour cost percentage can be calculated as the ratio of average wages and productivity. Only one solution may be evaluated Determine the level of productivity that would raise the labour cost percentage to the industry average. What kind of increase in turnover would be required for the store to reach that level of productivity, if the other conditions remain unchanged? 2 points Expected productivity: 140 / 0.03 = HUF thousand Or: 0.14/0.03 = HUF 4.7 million Increase in turnover = increase in productivity / =107.0% Or: 4.7/4.4 = 106.8% 2.5. What sort of measures would you take to substantially increase sales revenue? List at least 4 items. (Two correct answers are worth.) 2 points incentivising consumers with coupons and other tools increasing the sales prices organising promotions incentivising retailers increasing employee engagement 2.6. The company's average price margin level is 32% of the net sales revenue, taking both wholesale and retail trade activities into consideration. Distribution costs represent 27% of net sales revenue. List opportunities that could lead to higher profits without the need to increase sales prices. List at least 4 items. (Two correct answers are worth one point.) 2 points increasing the proportion of retail trade, as that could lead to a higher gross margin. more effective cost management improving employee commitment (as new people would not have to be trained, and performance would become more efficient) rationalisation, acceleration of work processes 1711 írásbeli vizsga 15 / május 17.

16 increasing the number of retailers reasonable cost management, etc. 3. Examination of sales revenue and average inventory 16 points The figures of the company under review are the following: net sales revenue in 2015: HUF thousand, which is 8% higher compared to the previous year. The turnover rate in days is 23 days on average, which represents an acceleration of 1 day compared to the previous year. 80% of the sales revenue was generated on food products, the turnover rate in days of which is 18 days; while the remaining part of sales revenue was generated on the sales of chemical products. According to the plans, by 2016 sales revenue will have increased by 6%, at unchanged prices. Prices are likely to increase by 4% on average. According to the plans, inventory intensity is the same as in Rounding precision for all indicators is to one decimal place. Questions 3.1. Determine the turnover rate of chemical products for the current year. 6 points Total average inventory in the current year: (23000 * 23) / 360 = HUF thousand 1 point Sales revenue from food products: * 0.8 = HUF thousand Sales revenue from chemical products: * 0.2 = HUF thousand Average food product inventory: ( * 18) / 360 = HUF 920 thousand Average chemical product inventory: = HUF thousand Turnover rate of chemical products in days: (549.4 * 360) / = 43 days (The turnover rate of chemical products was 43 days) Or: 23 = (0.8 * * X) / = 0.2X 43 = X 6 points Only one solution may be evaluated írásbeli vizsga 16 / május 17.

17 3.2. Determine the planned sales revenue, average inventory and turnover rate figures, as well as the percentage indicators showing the planned changes in these figures. 10 points Planned change in sales revenue as a %: 1.06 * 1.04 = 110.2% Amount of planned sales revenue: * = HUF thousand or: * 1.06 * 1.04 = HUF thousand Planned change in sales revenue: / = 110.2% Only one solution may be evaluated. Determination of stock intensity Sales revenue in 2014: / 1.08 = HUF thousand Average inventory in 2014: (24 * ) / 360 = HUF thousand Change in average inventory in 2015: / = 103.5% Stock intensity in 2015: 3.5 / 8 = 0.4 Planned change in sales revenue in 2016: +10.2%. Planned change in average inventory in 2016: 10.2 * 0.4 = 4.1% CItf= 104.1% Planned average inventory: * = HUF thousand Planned turnover rate: ( * 360) / = 21.7 days Planned change in turnover rate: 23/21.7 = 106% Or FsnVtf = / = 105.9% Planned turnover rate: 23/1.059 = 21.7 days Only one solution may be evaluated írásbeli vizsga 17 / május 17.