Cross, R., Davenport, T. & Cantrell, S. (2003). The Social Side of High Performance. Sloan Management Review. 45(1) pp

Transcription

1 1/01/04 Robert Lee Cross McIntire School of Commerce Monroe Hall University of Virginia P.O. Box Charlottesville, VA (434) / robcross@virginia.edu EDUCATION University of Virginia, Bachelor of Science (Business Administration) University of Virginia, Master of Business Administration Boston University School of Management, DBA (Organizational Behavior and Information Technology). ACADEMIC AWARDS AND HONORS Best Symposium in the Organization and Management Theory Division (Contributing Author), 2003 Academy of Management. Lawrence Erlbaum Best Paper Award, 2002 Academy of Management. Finalist (One of Six), Newman Award (Best Paper From A Dissertation), 2001 Academy of Management. Best Student Paper Award, 2001 Academy of Management, Managerial and Organizational Cognition Division. Boston University 2001 School of Management Best Doctoral Student Researcher Award. Boston University 1999 School of Management Doctoral Student Merit Award for Research Excellence. Best Paper Award, 1999 International Conference on Work Teams, Dallas. Invited to 1999 Doctoral Consortium in OB/OMT/ODC, Academy of Management, Chicago. University of Virginia, Darden Faculty Award for Academic Excellence (top 10% of class). University of Virginia, Darden Thomas I. Storrs Award for Leadership and Academic Excellence. University of Virginia, McIntire School of Commerce, C.L. Howard Award. University of Virginia, McIntire School of Commerce, Dean s List. PUBLICATIONS Articles in Refereed Journals Cross, R. & Sproull, L. (In Press). More Than an Answer: Information Relationships for Actionable Knowledge. Organization Science. Levin, D. & Cross, R. (In Press). The Strength of Weak Ties You Can Trust: The Mediating Role of Trust in Effective Knowledge Transfer. Management Science. Cross, R., Davenport, T. & Cantrell, S. (2003). The Social Side of High Performance. Sloan Management Review. 45(1) pp Kahn, W., Cross, R., & Parker, A. (2003). Layers of Diagnosis for Planned Relational Change in Organizations. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science. 39(3): pp

2 Abrams, L., Cross, R., Lesser, E. & Levin, D. (2003). Nurturing Trust in Knowledge Intensive Work. The Academy of Management Executive 17(4): pp Cross, R., Baker, W. & Parker, A. (2003). What Creates Energy in Organizations? Sloan Management Review 44(4), pp Borgatti, S. & Cross, R. (2003). A Social Network View of Organizational Learning: Relational and Structural Dimensions of Know Who. Management Science, 49 pp Cummings, J. & Cross, R. (2003). Structural Properties of Work Groups and their Consequences for Performance. Social Networks 25(3), pp Johnson-Cramer, M., Cross, R. & Yan, A. (2003). Sources of Fidelity in Purposive Organisational Change: Lessons from a Reengineering Case. Journal of Management Studies, 40(2) pp. 1837:1870. Cross, R. & Prusak, L (2002). The People That Make Organizations Stop --- Or Go. Harvard Business Review 80(6), pp Cross, R., Nohria, N. & Parker, A. (2002). Six Myths About Informal Networks --- And How To Overcome Them. Sloan Management Review 43 (3), pp Re-printed in Creating Value with Knowledge: Insights from the IBM Institute for Knowledge-Based Organizations. Cross, R., Borgatti, S. & Parker, A. (2002). Making Invisible Work Visible: Using Social Network Analysis to Support Human Networks. California Management Review 44(2), pp Re-printed in Creating Value with Knowledge: Insights from the IBM Institute for Knowledge-Based Organizations Cross, R., Rice, R., & Parker, A. (2001). Information Seeking in Social Context: Structural Influences and Receipt of Informational Benefits. IEEE Transactions 31(4), pp Cross, R., Parker, A., Prusak, L & Borgatti, S. (2001). Knowing What We Know: Supporting Knowledge Creation and Sharing in Social Networks. Organizational Dynamics 3(2), pp Re-printed in Darden Learning Primer and Creating Value with Knowledge: Insights from the IBM Institute for Knowledge-Based Organizations. Cross, R. Borgatti, S. and Parker, A. (2001). Beyond Information: Relational Content of the Advice Network. Social Networks 23(3). Cross, R., Yan, A. & Louis, M. (2000). Boundary Activity in Boundaryless Organizations: A Case Study of a Transformation to a Team-Based Structure. Human Relations, 53(6), pp Cross, R. & Baird, L. (2000). Technology Is Not Enough: Improving Performance by Building Organizational Memory. Sloan Management Review, 41(3), pp Featured in Ideas in the News: A biweekly selection and compilation of the top 10 business ideas found in journals, periodicals, and websites. Cross R. & Brodt, S. (2001). How Assumptions of Consensus Undermine Decision Making. Sloan Management Review, 42(2), pp Cross, R. (2000). Looking Before You Leap: Assessing the Jump to Teams in Knowledge-Based Work. Business Horizons, 43 (5), pp

3 Cross, R. & Funk, F. (1997). Leveraging Intellect in Small Business: Infrastructure to Support Today s Knowledge Worker. Journal of Small Business Strategy, 8(1), pp Books Cross, R. & Parker, A. (June, 2004). The Hidden Power of Social Networks: Understanding How Work Really Gets Done in Organizations. Harvard Business School Press. Cross, R., Parker, A. & Sasson, L. (Eds.) (2003). Networks in a Knowledge Economy. Oxford University Press. Cross, R. & Israelit, S. (Eds) (2000). Strategic Learning in a Knowledge Economy: Individual, Collective and Organizational Learning Processes. Cambridge, MA: Butterworth-Heineman. Book Chapters Cross, R. & Prusak, L. (2003). The Political Economy of Knowledge Markets in Organizations. In M. Lyle s & M. Easterby-Smith s (Eds) Handbook of Organizational Learning. Pp Baker, W., Cross, R. & Wooten, M. (2003). Positive Organizational Network Analysis and Energizing Relationships. In K. Cameron, J. Dutton, and R. Quinn (Eds) Positive Organizational Scholarship (Berrett-Koehler Publishers). Cross, R., Abrams, L. & Parker, A. (In Press). A Relational View of Learning: Determining How Who You Know Affects What You Know. In J. Clawson & M. Connor (Eds) Creating a Learning Culture. Cambridge University Press. Cross, R. & Borgatti, S. (In Press). The Ties That Share: Relational Characteristics that Facilitate Information Seeking. In M.H. Huysman and V. Wulf (Eds) xxx. MIT Press. Levin, D. Z., Cross, R., Abrams, L. C., & Lesser, E. L. (2003). "Trust and Knowledge Sharing: A Critical Combination." In Prusak, L. & Lesser, E. L. (Eds.), Creating Value with Knowledge: Insights from the IBM Institute for Business Value. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Other Publications Cross, R. (2003). Who Talks To Whom About What. Trends and Ideas (Inaugural Issue of Newsletter Accompanying Harvard Business Review). Fall 2003, Volume 1: pp Cross, R., Baker, W. & Parker, A. (2002). Mapping Energy for Innovation. Batten Briefings (Darden Graduate School of Business Publication). Cross, R. (2002). Knowledge Management: Can Its Tools Save Lives and Organizations? McIntire.Now (McIntire School of Commerce Publication). Parker, A., Cross, R. & Walsh, D. (2001). Improving Collaboration With Social Network Analysis. Knowledge Management Review, 4(2), pp Cross, R., Parker, A., & Borgatti, S. (2000). A Bird s-eye View: Using Social Network Analysis to Improve Knowledge Creation and Sharing. Knowledge Directions (Spring). Colella, S., Cross, R. & Reiley, J. (1999) Developing Critical New Skills in a World of Continuous Change. National Productivity Review, 19(1), pp

4 Cross, R. & Reiley, J (1999). Team Learning: Best Practices and Tools for an Elusive Concept. National Productivity Review, 18(3), pp Cross, R. (1997). Implementing Teams for Commercial Banking. Commercial Lending Review 12(2), pp Cross, R., Majikes, M. and Kelleher, J. (1997). Activity Based Costing in Commercial Lending: The Case of Signet Bank. Commercial Lending Review, 12(4), pp Strischek, D. and Cross, R. (1996). Reengineering the Credit Approval Process, The Journal of Lending and Credit Risk Management, 78(5), pp Cross, R. and Monahan, K. (1996). Redesigning the Mortgage Production Process. Mortgage Banking pp Papers Under Review Levin, D., Whitener, E., & Cross, R. Why Should I Trust You?: Predictors of Trust in a Knowledge Transfer Context. Under review at Academy of Management Journal. Cross, R. & Cummings, J. Relational and Structural Network Correlates of Performance in Knowledge Intensive Work. Under second review at Academy of Management Journal. Cross, R., Liedtka, J. & Weiss, L. Critical Connections: Delivering Business Value Through Informal Networks. In process at Harvard Business Review. Work in Progress Cross, R. & Kahn, W. Relational Context at Work: A Functional View of Work-Based Relationships. Various theories have tangentially claimed the importance of work relationships but have not developed a central theory of such relationships. Based on a review of the literature we develop a functional theory of work-based relationships. Five functions were identified: 1) Task Accomplishment; 2) Career Development; 3) Sensemaking; 4) Meaning and 5) Personal Support. 60 interviews have been conducted in three organizations with strong results. A follow on quantitative study employing ego centric network techniques and hierarchical linear modeling is planned. The combined qualitative/quantitative paper will target Administrative Science Quarterly. Cross, R. Baker, W. & Dutton, J. Energy in Social Context: Predictors and Outcomes of Energizing Interactions in Social Context. Currently conducting mixed methods inquiry into energizing interactions in social networks. We have conducted three social network analyses assessing structure and outcome variables of actors in these networks. Results indicate a very strong relationship between position in the energy network and performance even after controlling for standard information processing variables. Sixty three interviews have been conducted to assess characteristics of the context, relationship and interactions with both energizing and de-energizing alters. Symposium paper has been presented at the AOM 2002 conference. A scholarly paper is in preparation for Organization Science. Conference Presentations Cross, R. & Cummings, J Relational and Structural Network Correlates of Performance in Knowledge Intensive Work. Academy of Management, Seattle, WA. Paper published in Proceedings.

5 Cross, R Toward a Functional Theory of Relationships at Work. In J. Dutton and E. Heaphy s From the Wings to Center Stage: Enriching Understanding of Relationships in Organizations. Academy of Management, Seattle, WA. Session won OMT Best Symposium Award. Cross, R Applying Social Network Analysis to the Study of Knowledge and Learning in Organizations. In P. Carlile, D. Obstfeld and G. Roth s Addressing the Challenge of Studying Knowledge: Learning from Different Methodological Approaches. Academy of Management, Seattle, WA. Levin, D., Cross, R., & Abrams, L The Strength of Weak Ties You Can Trust: The Mediating Role of Trust in Knowledge Transfer. Academy of Management, Denver, CO. Won Best Paper Award and Published in Proceedings. Levin, D., Cross, R., & Abrams, L Why Should I Trust You: Predictors of Interpersonal Trust in a Knowledge Transfer Context. Academy of Management, Denver, CO. Cross, R. & Baker, W The Creation and Depletion of Energy in Social Networks. Academy of Management, Denver, CO. Cummings, J. & Cross, R Structural Properties of Work Groups and their Consequences for Performance. Sunbelt Social Network Conference, New Orleans. Krebs, V., Falkowski, J. & Cross, R Corporate Consulting with Social Network Analysis. Sunbelt Social Network Conference, New Orleans Cross, R. & Borgatti, S Organizational Change and Social Network Analysis: Lessons from the Field. Academy of Management, Washington DC. Cross, R., A Relational View of Information Seeking. Academy of Management, Washington DC. Paper Selected One of Six Finalists for the Newman Award (Best Paper from a Dissertation). Cross, R. & Borgatti, S., A Social Network View of Organizational Learning. Academy of Management, Washington DC. Won Best Student Paper Award and Published in Proceedings. Bakstran, L. & Cross, R., A Comparative Study of Two Intra-Organizational Knowledge Networks. Babson Entrepreneurship Research Conference, Wellesley, MA. Cross, R More than an Answer: How Seeking Information Through People Facilitates Knowledge Creation and Use. Academy of Management, Toronto. Cross, R. & Borgatti, S The Importance of Know Who: A Network View of Transactive Knowledge and Organizational Learning. Sunbelt Social Network Conference, Vancouver Cross, R Looking Before You Leap: Assessing the Jump to Teams in Knowledge-Based Work. International Conference on Work Teams, Dallas. Won Best Paper Award. Cross, R. & Yan, A Planned and Emergent Structure: Process and Outcome of a Successful Reengineering Effort. Academy of Management, San Diego. Cross, R Regenerating Organizational Memory: How Team Experience Translates into Organizational-Level Learning. Academy of Management, San Diego.

6 Cross, R Using Structural Dimensions of Knowledge to Design Knowledge Bases that Leverage Organizational Experience. Academy of Management Managerial and Organizational Cognition Interest Group Annual Conference, New York. Cross, R., Yan, A. & Louis, M Boundary Activity in Boundaryless Organizations: A Case Study of a Transformation to a Team-Based Structure. Academy of Management, Boston. Invited Presentations Cross, R. & Sasson, L. (2000). Organization Learning from Key Experience. Institute for Knowledge Management Delray Member Conference. Cross, R. & Prusak, L. (2000). Social Capital and Organizational Context. Institute for Knowledge Management Delray Member Conference. Cross, R. & Borgatti, S. (2000). Social Network Analysis. Institute for Knowledge Management Santa Fe Member Conference. Cross, R. (2000). Knowledge, Networks and Communities. Industrial Sector ISEC Conference. Cross, R. (2001). Knowledge and Networks. IBM Future of Work Palisades Conference. Cross, R. (2001). Information Seeking in Social Context: Personal and Impersonal Sources Employed in Intentional Search. CASOS Conference. Cross, R. (2002). Duke University. Knowledge Transfer in a Social Network Context. Distinguished Speaker Series. Cross, R. (2002). Brookings Institute. Knowledge and Networks. Executive Briefing. Cross, R. & Parker A. (2002). Energy in Social Networks. Institute for Knowledge-Based Organizations Member Forum. Teaching Cases NCB (A) and NCB (A-Recommendations). A reengineering and organizational design case focused on improving a bank s commercial lending process. Blacksmith (A) and (B). An organization studies case focused on evaluating strategy and proposing an infrastructure for a small high-tech growth firm expecting to triple in size in two years. EXPERIENCE Professional Experience 2001-Present Assistant Professor, McIntire School of Commerce, University of Virginia Research Manager --- IBM s Institute for Knowledge Management. Lead researcher on funded 45 company cross-industry consortia studying application of social network analysis to knowledge creation and diffusion in organizations. Researcher (with Paul Adler and Patricia Riley) on project investigating social and technical knowledge diffusion practices in hospitals Research Associate (part-time) --- Boston University Systems Research Center and Boston University Manufacturing Roundtable Manager --- Arthur Andersen Business Consulting Commercial Lending Officer --- Bank of America.

7 Teaching Experience McIntire School of Commerce, University of Virginia. Knowledge Management Elective. Fall 2003 Section 1 had 32 students and received rating of 4.94/5.00. Fall 2003 Section 2 had 36 students and received rating of 4.90/5.00. Fall 2002 class had 48 students and received rating of 4.90/5.00. McIntire School of Commerce, University of Virginia. OB Component of Integrated Core Curriculum. Fall 2003 class (Block 5) had 43 students and received rating of 4.92/5.00 Fall 2003 class (Block 6) had 42 students and received rating of 4.88/5.00 Spring 2003 class (Block 5) had 40 students and received rating of 4.92/5.00 Spring 2003 class (Block 6) had 40 students and received rating of 4.81/5.00 Fall 2002 class (Block 5) had 40 students and received rating of 4.91/5.00 Fall 2002 class (Block 6) had 40 students and received rating of 4.80/5.00 Spring 2002 class (Block 5) had 40 students and received rating of 4.77/5.00. Spring 2002 class (Block 6) had 40 students and received rating of 4.77/5.00. Lecturer: Boston University School of Management. OB221: Foundation organizational behavior class. Spring 1998 class had 26 students and received rating of 4.63/5.00. Spring 2000 class had 35 students and received rating of 5.00/5.00. Guest lectured in various courses for MBA programs at the University of Virginia (Darden), Carnegie Mellon University, Boston College, Boston University, Babson, University of Maryland and George Mason University. Executive Education Executive education presentations for Institute for Knowledge Management. Feeding Organizational Memory. 4.60/5.00 From Knowledge Management to Knowing Networks. 4.70/5.00 Applying Social Network Analysis to Knowledge Creation and Sharing. 4.52/5.00 Collaboration Within and Across Organizational Boundaries. 4.40/5.00 Social Network Analysis: An Executive Primer. 4.65/5.00 Social Network Analysis: From Observation to Intervention. 4.4/5.00 Lead designer and instructor on executive education programs with Arthur Andersen. Four-day experiential-based program on organizational change. Class ranged from Internal course ratings were 4.66/5.00 and 4.70/5.00. Five-day introductory knowledge management curriculum. Class ranged from participants. Internal course ratings: 4.83/5.00 and 4.94/5.00. External ratings unavailable. Three-day advanced knowledge management curriculum for managers and partners. Conducted course once for 36 participants. Course rating for initial course conduct was 4.33/5.00. SERVICE AND PROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPS Editorial Review Board for Organization Science. Ad hoc reviewer for journals: Academy of Management Journal Administrative Science Quarterly Management Science Organization Science MIS Quarterly Sloan Management Review California Management Review

8 American Behavioral Scientist IBM Systems Journal Decision Sciences Journal of Management Information Systems and Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory Ad hoc reviewer for conferences: Academy of Management Managerial and Organizational Cognition Division Academy of Management Organization Communication and Information Systems Division Academy of Management Organization and Management Theory Division Member of Academy of Management Member of International Network of Social Network Analysts Beta Gamma Sigma