Survival Factors of New Business Developing SMEs: Evidence From Japan

Transcription

1 Survival Factors of New Business Developing SMEs: Evidence From Japan This paper examines the survival factors of new business developing SMEs in Japan. Based upon the data collected from 1233 responses to a nation-wide mail and telephone surveys of these firms in Japan, it is found that there were seven determinant survival factors. Among these, well-understanding of business community, no cost-based strategy and resource or knowledge based strategy were common key factors. There were two determinant survival factors for the young SMEs: Proactive behavior such as quick market penetration and introduction of new products and services, and the innovativeness. For the growing SMEs, there were seven determinant survival factors. Among these, the resource or knowledge based strategy and low risk market positioning were found as key factors. The common survival factor for young, growing and all sample firms is related to interaction with their customers. Key words: SMEs, Survival Factors, Strategy, Management, New Business Development %, %, %Audretsch, % % , , % % a 1)

2 Hannan and Freeman, 1989 Timmons, 1994 Barney,1997, 2002 Berman, Down and Hill, 2002; Grant, 1996 Chrisman and McMullan, 2000, 2004) Entrepreneurial Orientation: EO)Miller, 1983; Covin and Slevin, 1989; Lumpkin and Dess, 1996 (Innovativeness) (Risk-Taking) (Proactiveness) Yamada., et. al (2003)(2003) Prospectors Defenders OECD, 1994, 1997, 1998 Birch (1987), Audretsch (1995), Phillips and Kirchhoff (1989) Smallbone et al. (1992)

3 Reid(1991) Cressy, 1996 Cooper, 1993; Westhead, 1995 Cooper, 1993; Westhead, 1995 Honjo, 2000b Audretsch, 1995 Westhead, 1995 Kalleberg and Leicht, 1991 Baum and Mezias, 1992; Westhead, 1995 Audretsch, 1995 Flynn(1993) Westhead(1995) Westhead and Birley(1994) Westhead (1995) Westhead(1995) Audretsch(1995) Cooper et al.,1988; North et al., 1992; Westhead, 1995; Audretsch, 1995;, 2002; Honjo, 2000a; Honjo, 2000b; Okamuro, 2004;, 2005 Storey(1994) 1983, 1991, Research Questions 1 EO) ,521 1,233 1,

4 :5: :7: 6.50% Westhead, et al., , (:15.3) 26, , , , % 23.4% 14.5% , % T T 2 5

5 4 EO 10% 1/3 :5.6% :14.3% 11.1<16.5>, 8.6<16.5> (=1)(=0) t N N 2 N P0.05

6 β N Covin and Slevin (1989) 24% ) T 1 4) %

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8 6 Covin and Slevin (1989) 5) 86.7% 85.4% Chrisman and McMullan (2000) (Small Business Development Center: SBDC) % 10 Chrisman and Katrishen (1994) SBDC 1 7

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