Revision of the International Classification of Status in Employment (ICSE-93): Findings, needs and expected major changes

Transcription

1 Revision of the International Classification of Status in Employment (ICSE-93): Findings, needs and expected major changes Results of the Project Implementation Development of Labour Statistics in the CIS Region and Way Forwards ILO Department of Statistics Geneva, October 2017 David Hunter, International Labour Office

2 Contents Background and process of revision of ICSE-93 Overview of proposed standards for statistics on work relationships ICSE-18 Definitions of categories ICSE-18 Overview of measurement approach ILO Department of Statistics 2

3 The International Classification of Status in Employment (ICSE-93) Adopted through a resolution of the Fifteenth International Conference of Labour Statisticians (ICLS) in January 1993 The current international standard for statistics on the employment relationship Classifies jobs (in employment) with respect to the type of explicit or implicit contract of employment between the job holder and the economic unit in which he or she is employed Main purposes To provide a model for the development of national classifications for statistics on status in employment; and To provide the basis for the production of internationally comparable statistics on the topic. Department of Statistics

4 ICSE-93 Substantive Groups Paid employment jobs 1. Employees Self-employment jobs 2. Employers 3. Own-account workers 4. Members of producers cooperatives 5. Contributing family workers 6. Workers not classifiable by status Department of Statistics

5 Main uses of statistics classified by status in employment Analysis of the nature of the economic risk and authority experienced by workers Strength of attachment of the worker to the employer and the job Potential indicator of precarious employment situations Input to statistics on the socio-economic status of persons and households Explanatory variable in social statistics Studying the relationship between economic cycles and employment in higher risk, less secure, or precarious working situations Do those who lose jobs in paid employment engage in various forms of self employment Contributing family workers as hidden unemployed Impact of self-employment and entrepreneurialism on employment and economic growth Government policies related to development and job creation The provision of data as an input national accounts Input to the measurement of informal employment

6 Reasons for revision Categories do not provide sufficient information to adequately monitor changes in employment arrangements taking place in many countries aim to increase flexibility in the labour market increasing uncertainty about the boundary between self-employment and paid employment policy concerns about non-standard forms of employment increased use of dependent contractors, short-term and zero hours contracts Need for statistical information to monitor the impact of these arrangements Not enough detail to monitor various non-standard forms of employment. Many issues remained unresolved at 15 th ICLS Optional categories and treatment of specific groups to be decided at national level Need for guidance on data collection 19 th ICLS Resolution concerning statistics of work, employment an labour underutilization Department Strong of consensus Statistics at the 19 th ICLS on the need to revise ICSE-93

7 Overview of revision process Review of national practices during Discussion paper on the need for revision of ICSE-93 presented to the 19 th ICLS Mandate for revision Proposed to replace the existing classification with a suite of standards for statistics on the work relationship status in employment classification to be complemented by a series of supporting variables dealing with various aspects of working arrangements New standards to be presented to the 20 th ICLS in 2018 in the form of a draft resolution for discussion, amendment, and ultimate adoption Department of Statistics

8 Development and consideration of proposals Working group to support the ILO Relatively informal Includes users and producers of both economic and labour statistics Representatives from countries, organizations, workers and employers Meetings and documentation mainly in English only Online discussion platform Provide expert advice and technical input to ILO Assist with the development and testing of proposals Review first draft resolution for 20 th ICLS Regional consultations (2016 and 2017) Testing from 2016 to 2018 Tripartite meetings of experts in February 2018 Review draft resolution in English, French and Spanish Department of Statistics

9 Overview of proposed standards for statistics on work relationships ILO Department of Statistics 9

10 Outline of proposed new standards for statistics on the work relatonship Conceptual framework for statistics on the work relationship defines the key concepts, variables and classification schemes to be included in the standards Classification of Status in Employment with alternative hierarchies 10 relatively detailed of categories defined on the basis of the type of authority that the worker exercises over the economic unit in which he/she works and the type of economic risk to which the worker is exposed Alternative hierarchies based on type of authority and type of economic risk Classification of Status at Work Extension of the classification of Status in Employment to cover all forms of work, including own-use production work, volunteer work and unpaid trainee work, as well as employment. A set of cross-cutting variables More detailed information on the degree of stability and permanence of the work Definitions and categories for types of arrangement that cut across several status categories Important variables in own right In some cases also required to derive status in employment categories Guidelines for data collection ILO Department of Statistics 10

11 More detailed categories for status in employment Sub-categories for employees to allow the identification of employees with nonstandard employment arrangements a) Permanent employees b) Fixed-term employees c) Casual and short-term employees d) Paid apprentices, trainees and interns Separate categories for owner-operators of corporations Statistics on employment by institutional sector, wages and income, labour market characteristics and work place relations, as well as for input to the national accounts. Separate category for Dependent contractors Provide labour to others but have contractual arrangements similar to self-employment OR Own and operate a business but do not have full control or authority over their work Suppression of separate category for Members of producers cooperatives ILO Department of Statistics 11

12 Statistics on the work relationship Statistics on the work relationship are concerned with (a) the relationships between persons who work and the economic units in which or for which the work is performed, and (b) the contractual or other conditions in which the work is performed. Relate to all forms of work defined by 19th ICLS, including own-use production work, employment, unpaid trainee work, volunteer work other forms of work, 19th ICLS Resolution concerning statistics of work, employment and labour underutilization, defines work as any activity performed by persons of any sex and age to produce goods or to provide services for use by others or for own use ILO Department of Statistics 12

13 Economic units The concept of economic unit used in the framework is aligned with that defined in the System of National Accounts (SNA 2008) which distinguishes between: market units (i.e. corporations, quasi-corporations and household unincorporated market enterprises); non-market units (i.e. government and non-profit institutions serving households); and households that produce goods or services mainly for own final use (domestic households). ILO Department of Statistics 13

14 Job/work activity 19 th ICLS Statistics on work relationships refer primarily to characteristics of jobs or work activities in particular economic units. A job or work activity is defined in the 19 th ICLS resolution as a set of tasks and duties performed, or meant to be performed, by one person for a single economic unit. The term job is used in reference to employment. This statistical unit, when relating to own-use production work, unpaid trainee work, and volunteer work is referred to as work activity. A person may therefore have as many work relationships as he or she has jobs or work activities in economic units. ILO Department of Statistics 14

15 Refinements to the definition of job and work activity - paragraph 8 8. A job or work activity is defined as a set of tasks and duties performed, or meant to be performed, by one person for a single economic unit: a) The term job is used in reference to employment. This statistical unit, when relating to own-use production work, unpaid trainee work, and volunteer work is referred to as work activity. b) Persons may have one or several jobs. In cases of multiple job-holding, the main job is that with the longest hours usually worked, as defined in the international statistical standards on working time. c) Those employed as independent workers will have as many jobs as the economic units they own or co-own, irrespective of the number of clients served. d) When a worker is dependent for access to the market, determination of the price of the goods or services produced, raw materials or capital items, on another economic unit that directly benefits from the work performed by the worker, the set of tasks should be considered to be performed for the economic unit on which the worker is dependent. The worker therefore has a separate job for each such economic unit on which she or he is dependent. e) Separate work activities are defined when a person is engaged in both own-use production of goods and own-use production of services for the same household. This allows the identification of work activities within and beyond the SNA production boundary ILO Department of Statistics 15

16 Classification criteria The framework uses two aspects of the work relationship as criteria to differentiate categories of jobs and work activities according to status. type of authority that the worker is able to exercise in relation to the work performed and the type of economic risk to which the worker is exposed. ILO Department of Statistics 16

17 Dichotomy base on type of authority Independent workers control the activities of the economic units in which they work, either entirely independently or in partnership with others. make the most important decisions about the activities of the economic unit and the organization of their work. are not supervised by other workers are not dependent on a single other economic unit or person for access to the market, raw materials or capital items. may work on their own account or in partnership with other independent workers and may or may not provide work for others. Dependent workers do not have complete authority or control over the economic unit in which or for which they work. include: Dependent contractors Employees, Contributing Family Workers ILO Department of Statistics 17

18 Dichotomy base on type of economic risk - analagous to self-employment and paid employment Workers in employment for profit remuneration is directly and entirely dependent on the profit or loss made by the economic unit in which they are employed, including remuneration in cash or in kind by way of a commercial contract for goods produced or services provided. do not receive a wage or salary in return for time worked. Owner-operators of corporations are excluded Workers in employment for pay receive, or expect to receive, remuneration in cash or in kind, in return for time worked or for each piece or service produced. They include: employees owner-operators of corporations who hold a job in an incorporated enterprise which they own and control. ILO Department of Statistics 18

19 Classification of Status in Employment Ten detailed categories that can be aggregated according to two alternative hierarchies The first hierarchy is based on the type authority Dichotomy between dependent workers and independent workers. The second hierarchy is based on economic risk dichotomy between employment for pay and employment for profit. analogous to the traditional distinction between paid employment and selfemployment. ILO Department of Statistics 19

20 Classification of status based on type of Authority/dependency (ICSE-18-A) Independent workers Employers Employers in corporations Employers in household market enterprises Owner-operators of enterprises without employees Owner-operators of corporations without employees Own-account workers in household market enterprises Dependent workers Employees Permanent employees Fixed-term employees Casual and short-term employees Paid apprentices, trainees and interns Dependent contractors Contributing family workers Department of Statistics

21 Classification of status based on the type of economic Risk (ICSE-18-R) Workers in employment for profit Employers in household market enterprises Owner-operators of household market enterprises without employees Dependent contractors Contributing family workers Workers in employment for pay Owner-operators of corporations Employers in corporations Owner-operators of corporations without employees Employees Permanent employees Fixed-term employees Casual and short-term employees Department of Statistics

22 Status at Work Three level hierarchical classification An extension of Status in Employment to cover all forms of work 20 mutually exclusive categories at 3 rd level defined on the basis of the type of authority that the worker is able to exercise in relation to the work performed, the type of economic risk to which the worker is exposed. Covers all jobs and work activities in all forms of work, including own-use production work, employment, unpaid trainee work, volunteer work and other forms of work. Each detailed Status at Work group relates to only one form of work Aggregate categories are based on the type of authority ILO Department of Statistics 22

23 I Independent workers 1 Employers** 11 Employers in corporations* 12 Employers in household market enterprises* 13 Employers in own-use production of services 14 Employers in own-use production of goods 15 Volunteers employing others 2 Independent workers without employees** 21 Owner-operators of corporations without employees* 22 Owner-account workers in household market enterprises * 23 Own-account workers in own-use production of services 24 Own-account workers in own-use production of goods 25 Own-account volunteers ILO Department of Statistics 23

24 D Dependent workers** 3 Dependent contractors* 30 Dependent contractors* 4 Employees* 41 Permanent employees* 42 Fixed-term and seasonal employees* 43 Casual and short-term employees* 44 Paid apprentices, trainees and interns* 5 Family helpers** 51 Contributing family workers* 52 Family helpers in own-use production of services 53 Family helpers in own-use production of goods 6 Unpaid apprentices, trainees and interns 60 Unpaid apprentices, trainees and interns 7 Dependent volunteers 70 Dependent volunteers 9 Other workers 90 Other workers ILO Department of Statistics 24

25 Aggregations for statistics on own-use production and volunteer work Own-use production work Workers in own-use production of services 13 Employers in own-use production of services 23 Own-account workers in own-use production of services 52 Family helpers in own-use production of services Volunteer work Volunteer workers 15 Volunteers employing others 25 Own-account volunteers 70 Dependent volunteers Workers in own-use production of goods 13 Employers in own-use production of goods 23 Own-account workers in own-use production of goods 52 Family helpers in own-use production of goods ILO Department of Statistics 25

26 Concepts to be covered by a series of cross-cutting variables Required for ICSE-18 Duration of work contract Contract type Contractual hours of work Forms of remuneration. Place of work Job-dependent social protection coverage Essential Duration of employment in the current economic unit Reason for nonpermanent employment Seasonality Full-time/part-time status Domestic workers Homeworkers homebased workers Multi-party work relationships Access to paid annual leave Access to paid sick leave Recommended Number of employees in the economic unit in which the worker is employed Main form of remuneration Department of Statistics

27 ICSE-18 Definitions of categories

28 Independent workers Independent workers own and control the activities of the economic units in which they work, either entirely independently or in partnership with others. make the most important decisions about the activities of the economic unit and the organization of their work. may work on their own account or in partnership with other independent workers and may or may not provide work for others. Entrepreneurs can be identified using the category of Independent Workers. includes own-account workers and employers in both incorporated and unincorporated enterprises, offers the best practical approach within the classification of status in employment to identify entrepreneurs. excludes dependent contractors and contributing family workers from the measurement of entrepreneurs. ILO Department of Statistics 28

29 I Independent workers 1 Employers** 11 Owner-managers of corporations with employees* 12 Employers in household market enterprises* 13 Employers in own-use production of services 14 Employers in own-use production of goods 15 Volunteers employing others 2 Independent workers without employees** 21 Operators of corporations without employees* 22 Own-account workers in household market enterprises* 23 Own-account workers in own-use production of services 24 Own-account workers in own-use production of goods 25 Own-account volunteers ILO Department of Statistics 29

30 Employers Own and control the activities of an economic unit on their own account or in partnership with others and in this capacity employed one or more persons (including temporarily absent employees but excluding themselves, their partners and family helpers) to work for at least one hour during the reference period as an employee. Sub-categories 11 Employers in corporations* 12 Employers in household market enterprises* Optional to separately identify those who have employees on a regular basis only on an occasional basis. ILO Department of Statistics 30

31 Employment of others on a continuous basis ICSE-93 states that employers must employ others on a continuous basis may be useful from the point of view of certain types of policy analysis, or for the measurement of socio-economic status, not adequately defined in ICSE-93 and is problematical. If someone is employed regularly, for one day a week in a particular economic unit, is this 'on a continuous basis. not clear, that the 'continuous' concept is useful or measurable in most surveys. It is proposed in the draft framework, workers who employed at least one person during the reference period should be classified as employers. simpler and more consistent data collection, aligns closely with the definition of employment, may potentially provide insights related to changes in labour market conditions. ILO Department of Statistics 31

32 Employment of others on a continuous basis ICSE-93 states that employers must employ others on a continuous basis may be useful from the point of view of certain types of policy analysis, or for the measurement of socio-economic status, not adequately defined in ICSE-93 and is problematical. If someone is employed regularly, for one day a week in a particular economic unit, is this 'on a continuous basis. not clear, that the 'continuous' concept is useful or measurable in most surveys. It is proposed in the draft resolution that workers who employed at least one person during the reference period should be classified as employers. simpler and more consistent data collection, aligns closely with the definition of employment, may potentially provide insights related to changes in labour market conditions. Optional to separately identify those who have employees on a regular basis only on an occasional basis. ILO Department of Statistics 32

33 Employers Employers in corporations are workers who hold a job in an incorporated enterprise (e.g. limited liability corporation, limited partnership, incorporated cooperative), in which they: hold controlling ownership have the authority to act on behalf of the enterprise or cooperative concerning contracts with other organizations and the hiring and dismissal of employees employed one or more persons (including temporarily absent employees but excluding themselves, their partners and family helpers) to work during the reference period as an employee Employers in household market enterprises are workers who, on their own account or with one or more partners, operate an unincorporated enterprise for profit, and who, during the reference period, employed one or more persons (including temporarily absent employees but excluding themselves, their partners and family helpers) to work during the reference period as an employee in that enterprise ILO Department of Statistics 33

34 Independent workers without employees Operate an economic unit on their own account or in partnership with others, and did not employ, during the reference period, any persons other than themselves, their partners, and contributing family workers to work on a continuous or regular basis for pay. 21 Operators of corporations without employees* 22 Own-account workers in household market enterprises* 23 Own-account workers in own-use production of services 24 Own-account workers in own-use production of goods 25 Own-account volunteers ILO Department of Statistics 34

35 Operators of corporations without employees Hold a job in an incorporated enterprise (limited liability corporation, limited partnership and incorporated cooperative), in which they: hold controlling ownership of the enterprise alone, or together with other members of their families and/or one or a few partners, or other members of the cooperative; and have the authority to act on behalf of the enterprise or cooperative as regards contracts with other organisations and the hiring and dismissal of employees of the corporation, subject to national legislation regulating such matters and the rules established by the elected or appointed board of the enterprise; during the reference period did not employ any persons (other than themselves, their partners and contributing family workers) to work in the enterprise for pay. ILO Department of Statistics 35

36 Own-account workers in household market enterprises Operate a household market enterprise for profit, on their own account or with one or more partners, and did not during the reference period employ any persons to work in the enterprise as an employee. ILO Department of Statistics 36

37 Dependent contractors 2 groups of dependent contractors or dependent self-employed workers. workers who provide their labour to others but have contractual arrangements that are akin to self-employment. workers who own and operate their own business but do not have full control or authority over their work. Statistics are needed about both groups to inform policy concerns excessive or abusive use of contractors transfer of economic risk from employers to workers growth of non-standard forms of employment. Ideally they should be separately identified rather than grouped together Difficult to achieve operationally ILO Department of Statistics 37

38 Dependent Contractors Workers employed for profit, usually by way of a commercial transaction, who are dependent on another entity that directly benefits from the work performed by them and exercises explicit or implicit control over their activities. Found in the public or private sectors. Dependency may relate to access to the market, determination of the price for the goods or services produced, raw materials or capital items, or organization of the work Their work may be organized or supervised by another economic unit as a client, or as an entity that mediates access to clients They have an arrangement for the delivery of goods or services to a separate entity (of the nature of a commercial contract) The economic units on which they depend may be market or non-market units and include corporations, governments and non-profit institutions actual working arrangements or conditions may closely resemble those of employees ILO Department of Statistics 38

39 Measurement issues More work needed to develop operational data collection methods and guidelines to differentiate dependent contractors, from independent self-employed workers and from employees. Potential measurement criteria include: Ownership of assets Single main client who exercises control over performance of the work Dependence on a separate entity for access to the market is critical Control over pricing of goods and services may be the simplest operational measure ILO Department of Statistics 39

40 Dependent contractors: Proposed measurement approach Information can be collected operationally through two streams from traditional status in employment questions: 1. Workers report that they work for someone else or self-identify as employees but are in fact employed for profit and not recognized by the entity they work for as employees. 2. Workers report being self-employed or working in their own unincorporated business, without employees, when a separate entity exercises control over access to the market, or operational authority over the worker, and the worker s business is economically dependent on that entity. ILO Department of Statistics 40

41 Employees Workers employed for pay who do not hold controlling ownership of the economic unit in which they are employed. Remunerated in cash or in kind in return for time worked or, in some cases, for each task or piece of work or for services provided, including sales (by the piece or commission). Payment for time worked is the typical mode of remuneration. Payment in kind is generally received in the form of goods. Where payment is received in the form of services, this is generally complementary to payment in cash. Employed in market units, non-market units and households producing goods and/or services for own consumption. May hold shares in the economic unit in which they are employed, or have authority over aspects of the operations of the economic unit as employees with management responsibilities, but do not hold controlling ownership of the enterprise. ILO Department of Statistics 41

42 Inclusion statement Included among employees are: Trainees, apprentices and interns who receive payment in return for work performed Workers who are members of a group of workers who have been engaged on terms corresponding to those of paid employment when the employing organization has entered into a contract only with the crew leader or with an organizing agent for the crew, and not with the individual worker. ILO Department of Statistics 42

43 Sub-categories of employee Disaggregated according to the nature of the contractual arrangements for employment, the degree of permanency of the employment relationship and the stability of the working time available to the employee To inform policy discussion on non-standard forms of employment 4 Sub-categories are proposed: Permanent employees Fixed-term employees Casual and short-term employees Paid apprentices, trainees and interns ILO Department of Statistics 43

44 Non-Standard employment Work that falls out of the realm of the standard employment relationship, understood as work that is full time, indefinite, as well as part of a subordinate bilateral employment relationship. Types of non-standard employment temporary employment; part-time work; temporary agency work and other forms of employment involving multiple parties; disguised employment relationships and dependent self-employment. In some instances, researchers also define the standard employment relationship as occurring at a set place of work outside the home ILO Department of Statistics 44

45 Permanent Employees Permanent Employees are employees who are guaranteed a minimum number of hours of work and are employed on an ongoing or indefinite basis They are full-time or part-time workers employed for pay, in formal or informal jobs, who have employment arrangements whereby: a) There is no specified date or event on which the employment will be terminated other than any standard age or time for retirement that may apply in the economic unit concerned; b) The employer agrees to provide work and pay for a specified number of hours or to pay for the number of goods or services produced in a set period and; c) The worker agrees to work for at least the specified number of hours, or for the time required to produce a specified number of goods or services ILO Department of Statistics 45

46 Fixed-term employees Employees with regular hours who are employed on a time limited basis for at least four weeks or one month. They are full-time or part-time workers employed for pay, in formal or informal jobs, who have arrangements whereby: a) There is a specified date on which the employment will be terminated, or an event such as the end of the harvest or completion of a construction or other project, which will lead to termination of employment; b) The total duration of the employment is expected to at least 4 weeks or one month from the first day of employment to the expected final day of employment; c) The employer agrees to provide work and pay for a specified number of hours in a set period and the worker agrees to work for at least the specified number of hours. This group includes a) Employees with seasonal and fixed-term contracts of employment with a duration greater than four weeks or one month; b) Most paid apprentices, trainees and interns; c) Employees without formal arrangements or contracts when it is understood that the employment will be of a duration longer than 4 weeks or one month but not indefinite. ILO Department of Statistics 46

47 Casual and short-term employees Employees without a guaranteed minimum number hours of work and/or with shortterm employment arrangements. Employed for pay, in formal or informal jobs, no guarantee to offer work or to perform work for a specified number of hours during a set period OR the arrangement is of a very short-term nature, with a duration of less than 4 weeks or one month from the first day of employment to the expected final day of employment. Employment may be of an ongoing or recurring nature, Does not guarantee a reliable income or set working hours for a period of four weeks or one month. May provide flexibility for workers who need to balance employment with family responsibilities, education, or other forms of work.. ILO Department of Statistics 47

48 Casual and short-term employees inclusions and exclusions Depending on national circumstances and specific contractual arrangements pertaining to the job, this group includes: casual employees, workers on zero-hours contracts, employees with some types of on-call arrangements, workers hired on a day-today basis on call workers who are paid only for the work performed Excludes Workers with on-call working time arrangements who are guaranteed a certain number of hours of employment per pay period Workers who are guaranteed to be offered work and to be paid for at least one hour per week unless the total duration of the employment arrangement is expected to be less than four weeks or one month. ILO Department of Statistics 48

49 Paid apprentices, trainees and interns Perform any activity to produce goods or provide services for others, in order to acquire workplace experience or skills in a trade or profession, and receive payment in return for work performed. Acquiring workplace experience or skills may occur through traditional, formal or informal arrangements whether or not a specific qualification or certification is issued. Usually remunerated at a reduced rate compared to fully qualified workers. They include persons involved in: Paid formal or informal traineeships, apprenticeships, internships or other types of programme, according to national circumstances; and Paid skills training or retraining schemes within employment promotion programmes, when engaged in the production process of the economic unit. They exclude workers who are: Undergoing periods of probation associated with the start of a job; Undertaking general on-the-job training or life-long learning while in employment, including in market and non-market units owned by household or family members; Working without pay in market or non-market units owned by household or family members ILO Department of Statistics 49

50 Family helpers included in employment Contributing family workers Assist a family member or household member, in a market-oriented enterprise operated by that person, or in a job held by that person as an employee or dependent contractor. Do not receive regular payments, such as a wage or salary, in return for the work performed, but may benefit in kind or receive irregular payments in cash as a result of the outputs of their work through family or intra-household transfers, derived from the profits of the enterprise or from the income of the other person. Do not make operational decisions affecting the enterprise or have responsibility for it.

51 Family helpers not included in employment 52 Family helpers in own-use production of services assist related persons in the provision of services for household consumption. do not make operational decisions affecting the economic well-being of the household do not have responsibility for its welfare or that of its members. may benefit from the outputs of their work in cash or in kind through intrahousehold transfers but do not receive a wage or salary. 53 Family helpers in own-use production of goods assist related persons in the production of goods for household consumption Counted as employed and as own-account workers prior to 19 th ICLS

52 Contributing family workers measurement proposal Identification directly from the self-identification question Additional question on remuneration to ensure that they are not paid a wage or a salary a question to test the level of involvement and/or decision making in the business in order to differentiate contributing family workers from own-account workers. to determine, for example, whether both husband and wife working in a family business should be classified as employers/own-account workers or whether one of them should be classified as a contributing family worker. The 20 th ICLS resolution should provide guidance on this issue, in particular for countries where family helpers are a statistically important group. ILO Department of Statistics 52

53 ICSE-18 Overview of measurement approach

54 Three steps structure Self-identified status in employment s Classification module Classification module Classification module Sub-classification module ILO Department of Statistics 54

55 First step; Self-identification module As a minimum capture self-identified: Self-employed Employees Contributing family workers Do you work? - In your own business activity - In a business operated by a household or family member - As an employee for someone else -Additional categories of specific interests ILO Department of Statistics 55

56 Second step Three classification modules targeting: Self-identified; Self-employed Employees Contributing family workers ILO Department of Statistics 56

57 Classification module for SI Self-employed Having employees in the reference period (all SI Self-employed) Did you have at least one employee in the week of XXXX to YYYYY -Yes -Yes but the employee(s) were temporarily absent -No Eneterprise is incorporated or not (all SI Self-employed) Is your company/enterprise a limited company, trading partnership, limited partnership? - Yes -No ILO Department of Statistics 57

58 Classification module for SI Selfemployed cont. Option: Control over setting the price for goods or services produced ( Own-account workers in household market enterpises) Can you primarily price the products or services you offer yourself? - Yes - No Why can you not price them yourself? - Another enterprise or actor defines the prices? - Prices are typically determined by the customer? - Prices are defined by law? - Prices are negotiated with the customer? ILO Department of Statistics 58

59 Classification module for SI employees Type of remuneration (all SI employees) For this work are you paid.. (Mark all that apply) - A wage, salary - By piece - -Commissions, tips - Fee for services - Profit - Unpaid Option 1. Responsibility for social insurance or deducting income taxes Who is responsible for making contribution to [pension fund or other social insurances]? 1) My employer 2) I am (or name) OR Who is responsible for deducting taxes on your income? 1) My employer 2) I am (or name) ILO Department of Statistics 59

60 Classification module for SI- CFW Type of remuneration For this work are you paid.. (Mark all that apply) - A wage, salary - By piece - -Commissions, tips - Fee for services - Profit - Unpaid Might be relevant for some countries Operational decisions ( Not yet decided) Who usually makes decisions about the running of the business? - I do that - Me together with my family - Another family member(s) - Another (non-family) person ILO Department of Statistics 60

61 Third step Sub-classification modules targeting classified: Employees ILO Department of Statistics 61

62 Sub-classification module for employees Guaranteed amount of hours (all employees) (If yes) Does the contract or agreement specify a minimum amount of hours that you are supposed to work? -Yes -No, contacted when needed/contact when you want to work -No, it specifies the completion of a task or tasks -None of the above ILO Department of Statistics 62

63 Sub-classification module for employees Employment agreement is open-ended or limited (all employees) Is your contract/agreement.. -Of limited time duration -Permanent or without limit of time -For the completion of a task or tasks The duration of the limited employment (employees with limited contract/agreement) What is your total duration of your contract or agreement? ( if less than a month please mark 0) Month(s) ILO Department of Statistics 63

64 ICSE-18 ILO Department of Statistics 64

65 Thank you ILO Department of Statistics 65