TRANSFORMING WORK FOR SUSTAINABLE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

Transcription

1 TRANSFORMING WORK FOR SUSTAINABLE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT EXPAND SOCIAL PROTECTION TO CREATE OPPORTUNITIES 4 ALL Eva Jespersen Cedefop-UNESCO global skills conference 20 October 2016, Paris

2 OVERVIEW Human development framework and measurements showing gaps, tracking progress Range of +/- HD in a rapidly evolving world of work: matching learning w skills demands Making social protection wider, more flexible and responsive / portable Placeholder for notes, footnotes and sources 1 / 20

3 HUMAN DEVELOPMENT Human development is to enable everyone to develop and lead a life in dignity that s/he has reason to value Enlarging choices and freedoms by Expanding capabilities Enabling environment based on universal principles of sustainability, equality, social justice and human rights Ensuring opportunities for all for voice, agency and participation Placeholder for notes, footnotes and sources 2/20

4 HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX A composite index of (avg) basic capabilities: decent standard of living: GNI/pc (ppp) access to knowledge and information: schooling - expected years (<15) and average years (>25) of education good health: life expectancy at birth Placeholder for notes, footnotes and sources 3/20

5 HUMAN DEVELOPMENT PROGRESS HDI, Education Component, Source: Human Development Data 4/20

6 HDI & IHDI IN SELECTED REGIONS Placeholder for notes, footnotes and sources 6 / 10

7 INEQUALITY & EDUCATION Source: Human Development Data 5/20

8 INEQUALITIES IN EDUCATION REMAIN: URBAN RURAL Note: Countries ranked in descendent way according to the level of disparities; most recent available data. Source: World Inequality Database on Education Placeholder for notes, footnotes and sources 7/20

9 INEQUALITIES IN EDUCATION REMAIN: ETHNICITY Source: World Inequality Database on Education 6/20

10 INEQUALITIES IN EDUCATION REMAIN FOR FOREIGN BORN IN OECD Numeracy proficiency, 2015 Source: OECD PIAAC 8/20

11 HDR2015: WORK FOR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT 3 ISSUES Market liberalization/globalization, and technology advances: labour markets are changing everywhere +/- less job predictability and security Challenges to mobilizing tax revenues Urgency to develop green sustainable development Large informal (unpaid) care economy persists Growing needs, limiting options for women Placeholder for notes, footnotes and sources 9/20

12 BEING EMPLOYED DOES NOT GUARANTEE DECENT LIVING STANDARDS Many workers remain in poverty Source: Global Education Monitoring Report, /20

13 SKILL-BIAS, AUTOMATION AND BIG SCALE POSE NEW CHALLENGES Source: Global Education Monitoring Report, /20

14 MANY JOBS ARE AT RISK Source: Human Development Report, /20

15 WORK 4 SUSTAINABILITY Work that promotes HD while reducing or eliminating negative side effects and unintended consequences. Three conditions will make it more prevalent 1. Termination 2. Transformation 3. Creation i/ii Iii social protection w skills training incentive structures; access to credit; R&D Placeholder for notes, footnotes and sources 15/20

16 SKILLS ARE NOT UNIQUE DRIVERS OF INEQUALITY: WOMEN DISADVANTAGED Women participate less than men in the labor market They are more likely to be employed in vulnerable jobs Source: Human Development Report, /20

17 SKILLS ARE NOT UNIQUE DRIVERS OF INEQUALITY: WOMEN DO UNPAID CARE Source: Human Development Report, /20

18 SOME COUNTRIES HAVE IMPLEMENTED ACTIVE LABOR MARKET POLICIES Some countries have implemented policies that aim at: Training young people in ways that go beyond traditional education Help young entrepreneurs launch their business Guide low-skilled workers in the informal sector to find better jobs in the informal sector. Examples: o National Technical Education and Skills Development Plan (Philippines) o National Skills Development Corporation (India) Placeholder for notes, footnotes and sources 17/20

19 SOCIAL PROTECTION AFFORDABLE BUT STILL IN SHORT SUPPLY Legal coverage of unemployment protection Effective coverage of unemployment protection Source: ILO 2014 (World Social Protection Report) 18/20

20 TRANSFORMATIVE SOCIAL PROTECTION SCHEMES The Social Protection Floor Initiative and more Go beyond food or pay schemes expand to life long learning, reskilling, vocational training, IT skills Foster entrepreneurship through access to credit, extension services etcextend to the informal sector, including domestic/care work and migrantsportability of social protection Basic Income Placeholder for notes, footnotes and sources 20/20

21 facebook.com/humandevelopmentreport twitter.com/hdrundp