PERPUSTAKAAN UMP DEVELOP THE - BUSINESS SUCCESS CHECKLIST IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY ZAHIDY BIN ABD HAMID

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1 PERPUSTAKAAN UMP DEVELOP THE - BUSINESS SUCCESS CHECKLIST IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY ZAHIDY BIN ABD HAMID Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Faculty of Industrial Management UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PAHANG NOVEMBER 2016 PERPUSTAKAAN 0305I UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PAHANG No. Perolehan No. Panggilan :, Tankh 17 APR 2011

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION TITLE PAGE 1 DEDICATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ABSTRACT ABSTRAK TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 1V v vi Xl! XV KV1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Preamble Research Background Problem Statement Research Questions Research Significance Research Objectives Nature of the Research Operation Definitions Research Outline Chapter Summary 22 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Preamble Construction Industry Construction Industry and Economic Growth Entrepreneurship Entrepreneurship and Economic Growth 33 Vi

3 2.6 Construction Entrepreneurship Entrepreneurship and Performance Entrepreneurial Orientation Entrepreneurial Organisation Entrepreneurial Competency Entrepreneurial Environment Defining Business Success Conceptions of Success in the Construction Industry Success in the Construction Industry from an Entrepreneurship 60 Perspective 2.11 Conceptual Research Framework Selected Measures of the Constructionpreneurial Business Success Constructionpreneurial Orientation Measures Constructionpreneurial Organisation Measures Constructionpreneurial Competency Measures Constructionpreneurial Environment Measures Overview of Research Philosophical Paradigms Current Methodological Approaches in the CEM Research Chapter Summary 79 CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 Preamble Selection of the Research Methodology Rationale of the Selected Research Methodology Delphi Method Overview Advantages and Disadvantages of the Delphi Method Delphi Process Delphi Questionnaire Pilot Study Reliability and Validity Reliability Validity Panel Composition 102 vii

4 Panel Size Panel Member Qualification Delphi Round Criteria for Attaining Consensus DEMATEL Technique Overview Advantages and Disadvantages of the DEMATEL Technique DEMATEL Process Step 1: Generating the Initial Direct-relation Matrix Z Step 2: Normalizing the Initial Direct-relation Matrix D Step 3: Obtaining the Total-relation Matrix T Step 4: Computing the Sums of Rows and Column of 121 Matrix T Step 5: Setting the Threshold Value, a Step 6: Building the Cause and Effect Relationship 123 Diagram 3.6 Delphi-DEMATEL Process Developing the Constructionpreneurial Business Success Checklist Phase 1: Designing the Constructionpreneurial Business Success 127 Checklist Phase 2: Refining the Constructionpreneurial Business Success 127 Checklist Phase 3: Validating the Constructionpreneurial Business Success 127 Checklist 3.8 Chapter Summary 129 CHAPTER 4 RESEARCH FINDINGS 4.1 Preamble Research Question Research Question Panel Composition Demographic Characteristics of the Expert Panel Pilot Study Instrument Reliability Findings of the Delphi Study Round VIII

5 Constructionpreneurial Orientation Constructionpreneurial Organisation Constructionpreneurial Competency Constructionpreneurial Environment Findings of the Delphi Study Round Constructionpreneurial Orientation Constructionpreneurial Organisation Constructionpreneurial Competency Constructionpreneuri a! Environment Consensus for the Delphi Rounds Research Question Instrument Reliability Findings of the DEMATEL Technique Interpreting the Findings Research Question Phase 1: Designing the Constructionpreneurial Business Success 173 Checklist Phase 2: Refining the Constructionpreneurial Business Success 174 Checklist Phase 3: Validating the Constructionpreneurial Business Success 176 Checklist Descriptive Statistics and Internal Consistency Correlations Appropriateness of the CBS Checklist for the Intended 186 Uses 4.6 Chapter Summary 189 CHAPTER 5 DISCUSSION OF THE FINDINGS 5.1 Preamble Research Question Research Question Constructionpreneurial Orientation Constructionpreneurial Organisation Constructionpreneurial Competency 196 ix

6 5.3.4 Constructionpreneurial Environment Research Question Constructionpreneurial Orientation Constructionpreneurial Organization Constructionpreneurial Competency Constructionpreneurial Environment Research Question Chapter Summary 213 CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 6.1 Preamble Research Objective Research Objective Research Objective Research Objective Contribution of the Study Academic Contributions Industry Contributions Limitations of the Study Recommendations for Future Research Concluding Remarks 227 REFERENCES 232 APPENDICES A Dissemination of Knowledge of the Current Study 270 B Alternative Methodology Approaches in the CEM Research (Year onwards) C Invitation to Participate and Participation Consent Letters 279 D List of Expert Panellists and Qualifications 282 E Introductory and Round One Delphi Questionnaires 287 F Sample of Expert's Opinions G Sample of Expert's Opinions H Round Two Delphi Questionnaire 314 x

7 DEMATEL Questionnaire 319 Field Study Questionnaire K Questions for Field Study Interview Protocol 327 L Final Version of the CBS Checklist 328 xi

8 LIST OF TABLES Table Title Page 1.1 Contractor Registration Classification Total Number of Registered Contractors ( ) Status of Registered Contractors as at 31 December The Malaysian Construction Industry and the National Economy Percentage Share of GDP from the Construction Sector in Selected 9 Countries 1.6 Contribution of Gross Output by the Construction Sub-sectors ( ) 1.7 Value of the Construction Work Done by Sub-sectors (Qi 2014 Qi 2015) Labour Force by the Various Industry ( ) Statistic of Abandoned Housing Projects in Peninsular Malaysia Three Types of Entrepreneurs Description of the Constructionpreneurial Orientation Dimensions Description of the Constructionpreneurial Organisation Dimensions Description of the Con structionpreneurial Competency Dimensions Description of the Constructionpreneurial Environment Dimensions Relevant Situations for Different Research Methods Different Approaches to Piloting the Delphi Surveys Requirement for the Selection of Qualified Expert lii 3.3 Criterions to Reach Consensus Variables abstracted from the entrepreneurship literature Profile of the Panel Experts Reliability Analysis of the Evaluation Scale for the Delphi Study 142 xii

9 Table Title Page 4.4 Importance Indicators Emerged from the Delphi Round Importance of Indicator Emerged for the Delphi Round Most Important Indicators for the Construction Business Success Improvement of Consensus between the Delphi Rounds Interpretation of the Kendall's Coefficient of Concordance, W Reliability Analysis of the Evaluation Scale for the DEMATEL Technique Numbered Influence Indicators for the Matrix Calculation Initial Direct-relation Matrix Z Normalised Initial Direct-relation Matrix X Total Relation Matrix T Total Effects of Overall Influence of Indicators Total Relation Matrix T for the Constructionpreneurial Orientation Total Relation Matrix T for the Constructionpreneurial Organisation Total Relation Matrix T for the Constructionpreneurial Competencies Total Relation Matrix T for Constructionpreneurial Environment Total Effects of Influence of the indicators under Each Dimension Refined Items for the CBS Checklist Demographical Characteristics of the Selected Case Construction 178 Enterprise 4.22 Schedule of the Field Study Interview Protocol Psychometric Properties of the CBS Checklist Items Correlations of the CBS Checklist Components Amount of Correlations by Components According to Their Magnitude Correlations of the CBS Checklist Items 185 xiii

10 Table Title Page 4.27 Summary of Findings from the Field Study Interview Protocol Summary of Findings from the Current Study Relevant Success Indicators from the Entrepreneurship Phenomenon Importance Rank of the Success Indicators 193 xlv

11 LIST OF FIGURES Figure Title Page 2.1 Relevant knowledge domains for the success of the construction enterprise 63 from the perspectives of an entrepreneurship phenomenon 2.2 Conceptual research model The research 'onion' Typical three rounds Delphi process Delphi procedure for the CEM research Flowchart of the pilot study process The 'closeness' continuum Steps of the DEMATEL technique Interpretation of the causal diagram Overall cause and effect diagram Cause and effect diagram for constructionpreneurial orientation Cause and effect diagram for constructionpreneurial organisation Cause and effect diagram for constructionpreneurial competency Cause and effect diagram for constructionpreneurial environment Degrees and directions of interative influence Theoretical framework for the success of construction enterprise from the 229 perspectives of an entrepreneurship phenomenon xv

12 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AEC CBS CC CE CEM CIDB CIDC CIMP CITP CO COrg CVA DEMATEL GDP GFCF GEM IJV MCDM MENA SME SPSS UK USA Architecture, Engineering, and Construction Constructionpreneurial Business Success Constructionpreneurial Competencies Constructionpreneurial Environment Construction Engineering Management Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia Construction Industry Development Council India Construction Industry Master Plan Construction Industry Transformation Programme Constructionpreneurial Orientation Constructionpreneurial Organisation Construction Value Added Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory Gross Domestic Product Gross Fixed Capital Formation Global Entrepreneurship Monitor International Joint Venture Multi-Criteria Decision Making Middle East and North Africa Small and Medium Enterprise Statistical Package for the Social Sciences United of Kingdom United States of America xvi