GUINEA. PROPOSAL for GENDER and TRANSPORT INTERVENTIONS

Transcription

1 GUINEA PROPOSAL for GENDER and TRANSPORT INTERVENTIONS Revised June 6, 1999 EMRankin 1

2 TABLE of CONTENTS I. Introduction 3 A. Overview of Gender Issues 3 B. Guinea Findings 3 I. Over-Arching Gender Objectives 5 II. Project Description 5 III. Design of Proposed Gender Components 6 1.Technical Assistance 6 A. Objectives and Strategies 6 B. Component Design 7 (i) Institution Building 7 (ii) Resource Mobilization 8 (iii)implementation Characteristics 8 2.Introduction of Innovative Fund Mechanisms for Micro-Projects Including Rural Road transport Services and Network Improvements 9 A. Objectives and Strategies 10 B. Design of Innovative Fund Interventions 10 (i) Basic Activities 10 (ii) Implementation Characteristics 10 C. Design of Rural Road Network & Transport Service Interventions 11 (i)targeted Interventions and Implementation Characteristic 11 VI. Preliminary Benefits and Risks 12 VII. Project Management and Implementation 13 Page VIII. Project Costs 14 VIII. Next-Step Requirements 15 A.Pre-Appraisal Mission 15 B.Appraisal Mission 15 C.Post Appraisal Mission 16 Chart 1: Project Management and Organization Annex 1: Tables 1-3 Annex 2: Study Conclusions and Recommendations 2

3 Guinea Gender and Transport Intervention I. Introduction The West Africa Region is one of the Regions of the Bank committed to addressing gender issues in its rural roads transport projects. The objective is not only to generate more knowledge on gender issues in the sector, but also to incorporate components with a gender focus, identifying promising approaches to address existing gender constraints in rural transport, and mainstream gender into the rural transport sub-sector. The purpose of the proposed intervention in Guinea is to prepare a gender component for inclusion in the next Rural Roads Infrastructure Project (PNIR2), planned for appraisal in the year Preliminary attempts to be more gender sensitive and inclusive were developed under PNIR1, so the new project offers an excellent opportunity to build on the accomplishments of the first project by reinforcing the Bank s commitment and introducing specific gender interventions in rural transport, with women targeted as direct beneficiaries. A. Overview of Gender Issues Substantial information has been gathered in the Africa context concerning women and their place as well as importance in the transport chain, including: (a) women as users of transport; (b) women as marketers of agricultural and other products; and (c) women as workers in the transport sector. Issues concerning operational efficiency, institutional strengthening, private sector participation, adequate and timely delivery of services, appropriate rates and tariffs, safety programs and environment, employment and income generating opportunities, training, and inter-sectoral linkages all constitute "good" transport planning. Existing analyses indicate that as transport is both case specific and country specific, it is likewise gender specific, and for this reason the concept of good transport planning needs to be expanded to include gender concerns. B. Guinea Findings A field mission lead by S. Silue (Rural Transport Specialist) and accompanied by Ms. Curtis (gender specialist) was conducted April 5-20th in Guinea. Four Rural Communities (CRs) were visited: Diari, Mitty, Koundian and Bady. The main issues confronting women in rural transport were identified as follows: women are poorly represented in all stages of project preparation including project identification, planning, design, execution and monitoring. There is a need to promote women s participation at all levels of decision-making. women in the rural areas are hampered by: (a) poor technical knowledge and management skills; and (b) a very low rate of literacy. This results in poor structuring of women s associations and groups; difficulty in identifying and transferring information to interested females; poor access to credit and materials; and poor 3

4 coordination between groups, even in the same rural community. There is a need to develop a strong technical support and assistance program to address these shortcomings. the transport focus for women in the rural areas tends to be on access to social services with a number of women s organizations created, which interface with local NGOs and interested Donors. The activities, however, are organized solely around social and income-generating cottage projects with the result that transport services still remain poor. There is a need to improve women s access not only to social services but also economic activities outside the home. In this regard transport services and the rural road network play a key role. the issue of mobility is a significant constraint to increased income generating opportunities for women. Access to certain types of MITs is difficult (at times forbidden), not only as a result of lack of finances, but also for social and cultural reasons. There is a need to develop appropriate MITs for women and sensitize them to various options. credit access is particularly difficult for women in the rural areas and hinders their development at all levels, including entrepreneurial skills in the provision and servicing of transport. There is a need to inform women of options and develop access to appropriate types of credit. there is no concentrated effort to include women in project training and work programs. There is a need to fully integrate women into project works in an equitable manner. rural road networks are generally in very poor condition. Many villages are isolated with no all-weather access to the main national routes. Lack of adequate routes and means of transport obliges women to walk considerable distances everyday, by foot, carrying heavy loads. There is a need to improve the rural road network and introduce sustainable maintenance as well as transport services. Women can and should play a significant role at all levels of rural road repair and maintenance. the on-going PNIR project has attempted to more fully draw women into the decisionmaking process through increased participation. Success to date has been very limited due in part to unforeseen reluctance. Women need to be sensitized, as well as men, to the importance of their role in economic development as well as individual and group enhancement. NGOs have been in Guinea since They are active in all regions of the country, focusing on diffusion of information, sensitization and organization, and small scale civil works. NGOs should be invited to participate extensively in the delivery of the gender component. all four CRs visited noted as their priority the following improvements in: (a) road infrastructure; (b) access to production zones; and (c) access to the national road network. Annex 2 presents the in-country mission conclusions and recommendations in more detail. II. Over-Arching Gender Objectives 4

5 There is a significant amount of relevant information concerning women and rural transport in Africa. However, much of this knowledge focuses on root causes and documents issues with little available concerning best options and practices. The purpose of the proposed gender and transport component is therefore to address this inadequacy and prepare interventions for inclusion which will specifically target women, contributing to gender mainstreaming in the transport sector. III. Project Description Two specific options were considered for inclusion of gender and gender-related interventions in the planned rural roads project. The first option included a separate component, self-standing and independent of other project components but integrated into the overall project objectives, rationale and design. The second option considered the integration of gender interventions into each of the components separately. Because individual components have not at this stage been sufficiently detailed, and the type of components identified do not easily lend themselves to gender integration in the context of rural transport; because the option chosen for a similar project in Senegal already integrates gender interventions into the components themselves, therefore the first option is recommended. Also, given the grass-roots approach proposed there is a heavy focus on technical assistance and support, along with micro-project financing. Finally, due to the fact this is one of the first attempts to design appropriate gender interventions for inclusion in a Bank rural roads project, and as such a fair amount of flexibility and close monitoring of progress will be required, it is recommended that the gender component be initially focused on the pilot CRs with a selection criteria developed in the first year of project implementation to identify a select number of additional CRs for inclusion in PNIR2. The CRs chosen will need to, at the least, have in existence active women s organizations or associations, NGO involvement and prior Donor financing. It is recommended that the remaining CRs be included in the next phase, or PNIR3, project, using as a basis for design, the findings and lessons learned in PNIR2. To summarize, it is recommended that the gender component for PNIR2 include a strong: (a) technical assistance package which reinforces and expands upon efforts and accomplishments in PNIR1; (b) funding for innovative gender-oriented micro-project and rural road system and network activities, including procurement related to transport services, MITs, road works and options for lessening domestic burdens; and (c) a demo system in the form of a mobile facility for training and demonstration purposes. IV. Design of Proposed Gender Component 5

6 1. Technical Assistance (T.A.) to support: (a) decentralization and the institutional building process; (b) implementation of works, equipment purchase and activities related to implementation of gender interventions, and (c) training. Technical Assistance is one of the main elements in the proposed gender component. Existing constraints which have been identified are mostly concerned with: (a) a lack of general awareness by the local population, both men and women, of the role that women can play in the economic development of the rural areas, and of the options and choices available to improve mobility and access to services; (b) reticence of females to participate in the decision-making process even though opportunities have been presented; (c) lack of knowledge and information concerning choices and options to improve agricultural productivity for women, timesaving methods for household duties, credit systems and access to them, types of transport systems available including funding and other requirements for group or individual start-up projects, and options and opportunities generated by the information highway ; and (d) lack of access to training opportunities, employment in the transport sector as well as access and development of other incomegenerating activities (such as marketing and commercialization of surplus agriculture products). To address the issues identified the technical assistance program will need to be well integrated into the proposed project, with the provision of an appropriate level and type of expertise, sufficient funds to fully realize objectives and significant grass-roots support including NGO participation. 1 To facilitate project implementation a strong project team is recommended, with a focus on the pilot areas already identified for other interventions if they meet the basic criteria noted. The proposed composition of the gender intervention team is presented in Chart 1 and further detailed in the section on Project Management and Implementation, as well as Annex 1. A. Objectives and Strategies The main objectives of the T.A. include: (a) improvement in the integration of women into the decision-making process to more fully take into account their specific needs in development programs, and (b) facilitate the access of women to credit and financing options. Strategies for institutional integration include: (a) gender sensitization in planning and project development and identification of appropriate areas of concentration for their inclusion; (b) implementation of a strategy for improved information flow to rural women; (c) reinforcement of capabilities for economic development; and (d) increased access to improve literacy. 1 Based on In-country Study conducted by S. Silue and M.Y. Curtis April 5-20,

7 Strategies for resource mobilization include: (a) improved information flow concerning various credit mechanisms; and (b) reinforcement of organizational strategies as well as technical and management capabilities of women.. B. Component Design (i) Institution Building review planning methodologies to determine where women s interventions are lacking and prepare an action plan for their integration and increased representation on decision-making bodies, including timeframe for inclusion, specific bodies, and appropriate targeting levels. restructure project decision-making councils to ensure women s inclusion in identification, planning, design, implementation/execution, monitoring and maintenance stages. develop programs of sensitization/awareness for women and men, separately. Set in motion mechanisms for activation. support formation of women s transport-related/oriented associations or groups and assist in their integration into the decision-making bodies. Link other women s associations into the council s decision-making system. Create cross-council and cross-regional information and experiences network. put in place knowledge cataloguing of information and experiences, and elaborate guidelines for future interventions in this area. Create a knowledge network which is self-sustaining. manage female participation by: sensitization of main key individuals directly; organize women to specifically identify their needs and options; transfer information to women through channels that they normally access; organize community meetings at times convenient to female participation; improve electoral framework and encourage women to go for elected positions and positions of decision-making; reinforce or put in place the management structures necessary at local levels for improved consultation with women; and introduce institutional support, where required at the local levels to increase female participation in decision-making. support economic activities of women by: putting in place funds to facilitate women s entry into public affairs and decision-making positions; introduce easier access to natural resources such as water and fuelwood, to ease domestic burdens and allow for improved access to health clinics and schools; and improve access to agricultural inputs and technology (including equipment/tools) to improve revenue. reinforce female capacity by: developing alternative possibilities for education (such as mobile schools); integration into planning methods for taking collective decisions; and improve technical competence for female participation in management of committees. to be introduced in year one of project implementation in the 5 pilot CRs, followed by the remaining CRs selected. (ii) Resource Mobilization 7

8 develop training programs on credit mechanisms and promote new investment instruments. improve female access to financial resources by putting in place mechanisms adapted to socio-economic conditions of women in rural areas - such as lines of credit either on individual or group basis. Include transport-related interventions. inform and sensitize women on official credit programs and all of its facets, including interest rates, duration, etc. Encourage women to take action in credit; put in place credit mechanisms, if non-existent, including, lines of credit to facilitate production of agriculture, and for acquisition of MITs such as bicycles, charettes, etc.; reinforce organizational capabilities of women by developing leaders and groups to sensitize population and promotion of federal women s groups; promote new investment and credit areas for women such as mechanisms to economize, to gain access, to finance equipment as well as council and support for women to better tap project opportunities; develop options to closely coincide with needs; and adopt complementary measures such as knowledge and access to water, health centers and education. to be introduced in year two of project implementation in the 5 pilot CRs, followed by the remaining CRs selected. (iii) Implementation Characteristics develop demonstration programs, including equipment and MIT options and exhibit them in each of the five pilot project areas via a mobile station. use the mobile station system to offer training and sensitization programs to females in credit and finance, agricultural opportunities, MIT and transport service development, road repair and maintenance as well as other areas deemed appropriate. develop specific agenda for CR visits, town meetings and other forms of cross-cr integration by Project Manager, In-country Director and component leaders to ensure quality implementation and consistent project monitoring. put in place framework for advisory support to: (a) ensure appropriate monitoring of gender activities, and (b) assist in micro-project and rural roads project preparation and identification of financing from participating donor community. develop program of networking and rudimentary concepts of access to information highway, both verbal and non-verbal. Explore uses of mobile phone systems and higher technology as deemed appropriate. target women s representation on project decision-making councils to ensure inclusion, a proposed first stage minimum 25% of project council decision-makers to be women is recommended, to be increased to 50% by the end of Phase 3 (PNIR3). ensure that youth representation includes women members - a minimum of 25% for the first stage and increased to 50% by Phase 3 (PNIR3). target 25% of overall project training to women and for 75% for gender sensitive interventions. 8

9 target expatriate consultants for the overall project to include a minimum of 10% women, including independents and part of consulting teams contracted. For the gender initiatives 75% of consultants should be women. include the five pilot project areas to begin with and expand to include the other CRs identified. allocate US$.76 million to component implementation for the 5 pilot CRs (see Annex 1 - Table 1). Additional cost for other selected CR inclusion to be identified. 2. Introduction of Innovative Fund Mechanisms for Micro-Projects including Rural Road Transport Services and Network Improvements Women s concerns are not integrated in any systematic manner into the selection system for micro-projects, road works, provision of transport services or development and/or acquisition of MITs. The gender Technical Assistance activity, noted above, will develop steps for fuller integration into the institutional and decision-making systems. However, to ensure that some proportion of funds are specifically directed to tangible improvements in mobility and rural road infrastructure, it is proposed that a separate fund be established targeting micro-projects of interest to women, and that a prescribed allocation be made to each of the five pilot areas as follows: (a) US$15,000 for innovative micro-projects not specifically transport related; (b) US$29,000 per pilot area for improved transport services; (c) US$16,000 per pilot area for the provision of demo MITs, spares and training; and (d) US$12,000 per pilot area for the rural road network repair and maintenance, including spares and training. These interventions will be supported by a grass-roots T.A. program separate from but integrated with the overall T.A. program through a team of on-ground facilitators and NGOs as described in Annex 1 - Tables 3A and B. The absence of appropriate, efficient and accessible transport services for the female population in the rural areas has been identified as a major obstacle to their economic development, and a contributing factor to high mortality rates, low literacy and depressed income-generating opportunities. Furthermore the absence of women s knowledge as to choices for personal and group travel including the use of MITs is also lacking. Finally because rural roads have traditionally been under-funded by governments, specifically for maintenance and repair, most are in a serious state of deterioration, inaccessible during many periods of the year, and in fact dangerous to use. This is especially significant for women who tend to transport most of the local goods themselves and engage in significant lost time pursuing domestic obligations in manners and on networks which increase their travel time. The purpose of this intervention is to address the issues of rural road transport from the perspective of delivery of services to the female client, provision of and/or access to MITs either individually or as groups, and to train women in the methods and techniques of rural road repair and maintenance to: (a) offer alternative means of employment; and (b) ensure that this segment of the population is capable of servicing road requirements along with men. This will entail active female participation in determining the most appropriate rural connections to be included in the project works, assistance to develop a program of regular maintenance including female maintenance 9

10 crews capable of carrying out required works through the provision of training and equipment purchase. The same is applicable to the provision of transport services where funds will be made available for group or individual purchase and operation of said systems and services. Finally, this component will also assist in the modification or development (as appropriate) of transport modes more suited to the needs of the female population. Details of these interventions, associated costs and allocations per pilot area are found in Annex 1 - Table 3B with a summary description outlined below. A. Objectives and Strategies The main objectives for transport services and rural road infrastructure include: improvement in the quality of and access to transport services for women, and production areas. The main objective of the Intermediate Means of Transport intervention (MITs) is to improve the conditions and decrease isolation of women in the rural areas. The principal strategies employed for services and infrastructure include: (a) planning and execution of rural road maintenance with the full support of all beneficiaries (including women) and the private sector; (b) reinforcement of village rural road maintenance committees; (c) provision of equipment and small tools for the above committees; and (d) sensitization of women to the need for their inclusion in rural road works. The strategies developed to attain the MIT objective includes putting in place MIT options for use by women in the rural areas and making these accessible to them, as well as the promotion of animal transport for women. B. Design of Innovative Fund Interventions (i) Basic Activities develop gender specific micro-project selection criteria, implementation strategy and monitoring indices. identify various types of micro-projects for inclusion to test appropriateness and applicability among the rural communities identified. Include the five pilot CRs in this component. veterinary services have been cited as a particular need in many rural areas. Prepare a program to introduce shared veterinary services and include support to popularize animal driven MITs. Determine funding requirements and secure financing for start-up. Develop a sustainable approach. (ii) Implementation Characteristics fully integrate women s concerns in selection of micro-projects for investment, through decision-making apparatus as indicated above. select women to manage gender-related interventions include funds not only for equipment purchase but also training for women in their use, repair and maintenance. 10

11 include program for sustainability by identifying local mechanics and repair stations. include programs for accounting, storage of equipment and spares. ensure at least 50% representation by women in execution. develop appropriate training programs for women and include a target of 25% women in all other training programs developed for non-gender interventions. ensure expatriate consultants for the component include a minimum of 10% women, including independents and part of consulting teams contracted. introduce simplified contracting and procurement procedures tailored to the sizes of the works/services focusing on reducing complexity of system, payment delays and delivery of works (apply B below as well). build in the use of local labor into contracts executed by contractors in the region for all labor-intensive works to assist in the generation of incomes for rural female populations. Ensure gender balance during recruitment of laborers for labor-intensive works. (apply to B below as well). put in place an independent body capable of evaluating the technical expertise of contractors, equipment repair and maintenance specialists in the rural region. Ensure full participation of women (apply to B below as well). allocated about US$.53 million for component implementation (see proposed cost breakdown) for the 5 pilot CRs. Determine funding requirements and funding sources for other CRs identified C. Design of Rural Roads Network and Transport Systems Intervention (i) Targeted Interventions & Implementation Characteristics develop appropriate transport modes and services for women, adapting existing modes for transport of female passengers and goods. provide funds for group purchase and operation of transport services and MITs support local MIT development, manufacture, repair and maintenance and ensure full female participation. put in place a maintenance system consisting of equipment supply and identify network of local mechanics for system support. put in place an independent network for provision of transport equipment supplies and spares. train female individuals and groups in management and use of equipment. improve rural road connections between villages and main routes as identified specifically by women develop a program of regular maintenance and sensitize women to the importance of rural road maintenance, encouraging them to participate and develop female only maintenance crews, as appropriate; provide training and equipment purchase assistance to realize this inclusion. ensure women s full participation and representation in existing community maintenance programs, and ensure selection of roads is based on commitment and 11

12 engagement of both men and women to contribute towards future maintenance, once the initial investment is made. ensure that women are not targeted solely for participation in non-wage labor works as part of counterpart commitments, but that men are equally represented in these forums. allocate about US$.4 million to implementation (see proposed cost breakdown) for the 5 pilot CRs. Determine funding requirements and identify funding sources to include other CRs as appropriate. V. Preliminary Benefits and Risks Identified Although no concentrated effort has been made at this stage to identify all of the potential benefits arising out of the inclusion of a gender component in the PNIR2 project, the following presents a summary of main benefits and includes a Benefit/Risk Matrix for each intervention. Detailed social and economic benefits, both qualitative and quantifiable, will be further developed as the component is detailed. The primary benefits identified include the following: at present women have little access to appropriate means of transport. Improved services will: increase agricultural productivity where women will be able to sell surplus products more easily, thus reducing famine and poverty in the family; diversify their commercial activities and allow for increased revenue; lighten their domestic burden hence decreasing existing dependence on male members of the family; and improve health, education and training through improved access. 70% of the population lives in rural areas. The gender component will: improve allweather accessibility thus increasing exploitation of agricultural potential and commercialization; lower death rate because of better access to health clinics and hospitals; increase technology transfer to women; increase female savings in time and energy and in volume of goods transported for both personal and commercial reasons; and improve overall health and quality of life by improved access to services 12

13 Benefit/Risk Matrix Gender Intervention Qualitative Benefits Quantitative Benefits Risks 1. Institutional Strengthening 2. Mobilization of Resources 3. Transport Services & Rural Road Infrastructure improved participation of women in socioeconomic development increased capacity for female entrepreneurship improvement in quality of life all-weather accessibility of rural roads diversification of women s incomegenerating opportunities reduction in female mortality due to improved access to health centers increased literacy rate due to improved connections to education centers 4. MITs lessening the domestic burden of women increased purchasing power increased employment opportunities increased traffic increased agricultural production employment creation in rural areas savings in time and energy of female population improved capacity of loads creation of artisan employment reticence of men to allow for intervention difficulties associated with tradition & culture reticence of Bank s to offer credit influence of males on the management of women s funds lack of funds for sustainable maintenance of rural roads insufficient local expertise for road works exclusion of beneficiaries in direct execution of project limited resources cultural difficulties VI. Project Management and Implementation Project complexity and the need to ensure close attention to all aspects of both the T.A. and works interventions requires that the project be closely managed at a number of levels, with appropriate support and assistance of experts and beneficiaries. Management organization and structure includes a Project Manager with international experience in project management, road infrastructure and service needs, and is sensitive to the gender issue. Preference would be for a female foreign consultant with a wide range of country experience, both in Africa and elsewhere. The Project Manager will be assisted in-country 13

14 by the Director and Technical Assistance Manager with specific in-country experience in both rural development, rural roads/transport services and gender needs in these specific areas. The Manager will be assisted at the local CR level by one in-country expert, to act as the Micro-Project and Rural Roads Interventions Leader. This latter position could be filled by either a man or woman. Finally at the local or CR level a team of local females would be identified and salaried to carry out specific tasks identified in coordination and cooperation with local NGOs. Refer to Annex 1 - Table for a detailed breakdown. Because of the overall lack of Bank experience in preparing these types of projects, its social nature, as well as the potential large number of small micro-projects and interventions, there is a heavy focus on technical assistance at all stages of project development, management and implementation. In an effort to involve as many interested parties as possible to facilitate future replication country-wise, both local NGOs and the Donor Community will be encouraged to participate. The following table presents some preliminary recommendations for monitoring indices: Performance/Monitoring Indices Intervention Indices 1. Institutional Strengthening number of women actively participating in decisions concerning project interventions number of women sensitized to opportunities for development number of women s groups created 2. Resource Mobilization number of women accessing credit $ credit amount allocated to women number of enterprises created by women number of contracts obtained by women 3. Transport Services & Rural Road number of km. of rural road maintained, Infrastructure rehabilitated or constructed number of villages no longer isolated level of female intervention and participation in different projects and programs female mortality rate 4. MITs number of MITs obtained and used by women as individuals and in groups number of jobs created VII. Project Costs The proposed project timeframe for implementation of the gender component is four years, with the technical assistance activity commencing in year 1 followed by funding of micro-projects and rural road works. Total proposed base costs for the Gender Initiative for the 5 pilot CRs has been estimated at US$1.8 million. With contingencies at a forecast 5% or about US$90,000, the total funding requirement is costed at US$2.0 million. As indicated in the project description it is anticipated that another select number of CRs will 14

15 potentially be included in this phase after an appropriate selection criteria is developed. A preliminary selection criteria could be developed during project preparation, however it is recommended that these criteria be finalized only during execution of the gender interventions in the pilot CRs, to ensure that the best possible choices can be made for limited replication. A preliminary costing for additional inclusions could be prepared during project pre-appraisal and appraisal with the Donor community invited to finance these other CRs. This would commit a greater number of financiers to participate. For the basic intervention the individual cost estimates are detailed in Annex 1 - Tables 1-3 and summarized as follows: (a) T.A. - estimated cost of US$.755 million; (b) microprojects - estimated at US$.53 million; and (c) rural roads (including transport services, MITs and road infrastructure) - estimated cost at US$.6 million. VIII. Next-Step Requirements There are a number of activities and tasks which need to be carried out prior to finalization of the Gender and Transport intervention for inclusion in the PNIR2 project. The following identifies the main activities. A. Pre-appraisal mission: in-country mission for three weeks at an appropriate date, to be determined, to refine components; determine best and most appropriate mix of interventions; detail organization and management plan; re-confirm costs, planned actions, timetables, and procedures for implementation; establish selection criteria for micro-projects and rural roads, and further detail and develop monitoring indices; and prepare preliminary selection criteria for inclusion of other CRs. Program should be individualized to reflect the needs of each pilot CR, and mission findings and reports should be used as basis for program development. work with local female community to detail project works, meet with the pilot CRs to confirm approach and commitment; meet with local NGOs to determine the appropriate level of participation and begin the process of Donor integration. Recommendation: Mission members to include Mr. Silue and Ms. Marie Yvonne Curtis and other members of the first mission as appropriate under the leadership and management of Ms. Holste. This would require the preparation of new contracts which should include fees, travel and subsistence for the period indicated and be linked to the proposed activities under appraisal below. B. Appraisal Mission: select in-country team members to join the Bank s appraisal mission when scheduled, for a minimum of two weeks. The purpose would be to fully integrate gender components into the framework of the overall project program including its financing mechanisms, procurement arrangements and disbursements; meet with key government officials sponsoring the PNIR2 project to ensure their commitment to the 15

16 proposed intervention, and the donor community for funding support; prepare a benefit matrix and identify both social and economic benefits, indicating those which are qualitative and quantifiable; and identify intervention milestones and include key monitoring indices. Recommendation: Mission members to include Mr. Silue, Ms. Marie Yvonne Curtis and other previous mission members as appropriate under the leadership/management of Ms. Holste. See above for contractual requirements. C. Post-Appraisal Finalize Gender and Transport scope, detailed design of interventions, implementation/execution program, and activity costs; prepare a standard Bank assessment including social and economic benefit analyses, as applicable, for inclusion in the Bank s Appraisal document. Recommendation: Allocate a period of 2-3 weeks for finalization of input. Recommend Ms. Rankin to prepare this portion for completion by an appropriate date. This would entail a new contract to cover this activity for the period identified. 6/06/99 emrankin 16

17 CHART 1 Gender & Transport Initiative Project Management & Organization Project Manager (Expat) In-country Director & Technical Assistance Manager In-country Micro-Projects & Rural Roads Leader Local CR level 17

18 ANNEX 1 A. Technical Assistance for all Interventions Guinea - PNIR2 Project Table 1: Gender Interventions - Total Cost Base sub-total 5% of base Total with Contingency US$ 719,000 US$ 35,950 US$ 754,950 B. Component 2: Gender Intervention in Micro-Project Activities Base sub-total 5% of base Total with Contingency US$ 502,500 US$ 25,125 US$ 527,625 C. Component 3: Gender Intervention in Rural Roads Activities Base sub-total 5% of base Total with Contingency US$ 545,000 US$ 27,250 US$ 572,250 D. GRAND TOTALS Grand Base total 5% of base TOTAL with CONTINGENCY US$ 1,766,500 US$ 88,325 US$ 1,854,825 ROUNDED US$ 2.0 million 18

19 Guinea - PNIR2 Project Table 2: Gender and Technical Assistance Intervention Detailed Breakdown 1. Fees 2. Travel and Subsistence 3. Procurement - De (a) Project Team Leader (a) Project Team Leader (a) Demo Equipmen - no. of staff weeks 80 - duration (years) 4 - demo household - duration (years) 4 - no. in-country visits/yr 2 - demo agricultur - fee/week (US$) cost/each 4 wk trip (US$) demo rural road Total Fee (US$) Total travel & Sub. (US$) Total demo co (b) In-country Team Leader & T.A. Manager (b) In-country Team Leader & T.A. Manager (b) Information tec - no. of staff weeks duration (years) 4 - fee/week (US$) 1500 Total Fee (US$) duration (years) 4 - no. visits/yr to each of 85 CRs 2 - cost/each 2 wk trip (US$) 2500 Total travel & Sub. (US$) (c) In-country Micro-Projects Component Leader (c) In-country Micro-Projects Component Leader - no. of staff weeks duration (years) 4 - duration (years) 4 - no. visits/yr to each of 5 CRs 4 - fee/week (US$) cost/ trip of 1-3 days (US$) 50 Total Fee (US$) Total travel & Sub. (US$) no. of CRS affec - no. of mobile ph - cost/ phone (US Total Cost for (c) MITs - demo items (e) In-country Local CR Level (d) In-country Local CR Level (d) Mobile Stations - no. of staff weeks duration (years) 4 - no. of centers fo - duration (years) 4 - no. visits/yr to each of 5 CRs 1 - cost/mobile stati - fee/week (US$) for 2 staff/pilot area 50 - cost/ trip of 1-3 days (US$) 100 Total Fee (US$) Total travel & Sub. (US$) 2000 Total Cost (e) Town-meetings - duration (years) 4 - no. /yr for each CR/component 1 - cost/ meeting (US$) 100 Total travel & Sub. (US$) 2000 Base sub-total Contingency of 5% Total with Contingency Base sub-total Contingency of 5% 5325 Total with Contingency Grand Total Cost Base Cost 719,000 Contingencies 35,950 Total with contingency 754,950 * to be determined and if appropriate substituted with local call boxes 5/20/99 Base sub-total 1 Contingency of Total with Con

20 Detailed Breakdown Inclusion of Females in Innovative Funds Sub-component (a) civil works & innovative investments Guinea - PNIR2 Project Table 3A: Gender and Micro-Projects Intervention - no. of CRs affected - allocation per CR Total Funding Required 5 US$ US$ (b) grass roots T.A. for credit systems, organization, management, monitoring for females - fees - no. of on-ground intermediaries per every pilot area - duration of involvement (years) - average salary/annum Total with Contingency 1 3 US$ US$ (b) grass roots T.A. for credit systems, organization, management, monitoring for females - travel & living - no. of on-ground intermediaries per every pilot area - duration of involvement - average allowance/annum - average travel expense/annum Total with Contingency 1 3 US$ US$ 1000 US$ Total base cost Contingency Total with Contingency US$ US$ US$ /20/99 20

21 Guinea - PNIR2 Project Table 3B: Gender and Rural Roads Intervention Detailed Breakdown 1. Transport Services 2. MITs 3. Rural Road Infra (a) Intra-village/inter-village for clusters of small villages to CRs (a) Wheelbarrows, bicycles, carts, charettes & other potential MITs (a) Equipment - 1 motor vehicle (bus/truck) no. of CRs included 5 - no. of CRs inclu each allocation/cr allocation/cr - 5 power cycle-pull 2500 each equipment/pilo Total Fee (US$) Total funding required (US$) Total funding (b) spares & training for repair & maintenance (b) Spares & Train - 10% of base cost % of base cost % o - 50% Base sub-total Contingency of 5% Total with Contingency Total Funding Required (US$) Base sub-total Contingency of 5% 4000 Total with Contingency Grand Total Cost Base Cost Contingencies Total with contingency Total Funding Base sub-total Contingency of Total with Con 5/20/99

22 ANNEX 2 Guinea Gender and Transport Study Conclusions and Recommendations Les études réalisées sur les conditions de vie des populations rurales indiquent clairement que les populations féminines éprouvent beaucoup de difficultés pour assurer leurs tâches quotidiennes, pour accéder aux services sociaux, aux centres éducatifs et aux marchés. La mauvaise qualité des routes et l absence ou l insuffisance des moyens intermédiaires de transports confinent les femmes dans des activités de subsistance. L accès difficile aux crédits et l absence des femmes dans les instances de décisions favorisent leur dépendance vis-à-vis des hommes. Les actions proposées dans le cadre de la composante GENRE, s articulent autour des aspects institutionnels, de la mobilisation des ressources nécessaires à la réalisation des projets initiés par les femmes, de l amélioration des services et des infrastructures de transport rural et du développement des moyens de transport. Il est évident que pour atteindre les objectifs visés, il est fondamental que des actions de sensibilisation et de formation des femmes soient envisagées pour inciter les femmes à se défaire des contraintes culturelles. Cette étude concernant la phase d identification des besoins, la mission recommande que le choix définitif des actions à réaliser soit fait après une évaluation des besoins réels des populations féminines et surtout de la participation effective de l ensemble des bénéficiaires. La mission recommande : - L amélioration de la représentation de la femme dans les instances de décisions au niveau communautaire ; - La facilitation de l accès de la femme aux crédits ; - La formation et l assistance technique des groupements féminins à la gestion et aux techniques d exécution des travaux routiers ; - L appropriation des travaux d entretien par les bénéficiaires ; - La fourniture du petit outillage nécessaire au CVEP ; - L intégration des projets routiers dans les projets de développement ou des projets sociaux pour s assurer de leur rentabilité économique ; - L amélioration simultanée des infrastructures routières, des services de transport et des moyens intermédiaires de transport 22

23 Il est à noter que la composante ne présente pas de risques majeurs et que ses conditions de succès sont réunies. En effet, la Guinée présente des atouts importants avec l expérience de l implication de la population dans l entretien et l ouverture des pistes à travers les CVEP, l existence d un cadre de décentralisation favorable au développement local, l existence de groupements féminins expérimentés et l intérêt manifesté par la population féminine pour le développement des transports ruraux (Cf. besoins résumés dans le tableau ci-après). SSilue 23