A STUDY ON EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT THROUGH JOB SATISFACTION AT THE WORK PLACE IN SELECTED COMPANIES

Transcription

1 Journal of Human Resource Management and Development (JHRMD) ISSN (P): ; ISSN (E): Applied Vol. 6, Issue 1, June 2016, TJPRC Pvt. Ltd. A STUDY ON EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT THROUGH JOB SATISFACTION AT THE WORK PLACE IN SELECTED COMPANIES G.PURUSHOTHAMAN 1, K.KRISHNAMURTHY 2 & M.SAKTHIVEL MURUGAN 3 1 Research Scholar, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India 2 Research Supervisor & Guide, Department of Commerce Rajeswari Vedachalam Government. Arts College Chengalpattu, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India 3 Joint Supervisor cum DC Member, Department of Commerce Retired Principal D.B.Jain College, Thorapakkam Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India ABSTRACT Organizations are becoming large and complex with developing industrialization and invention of new technologies, over the year s government intervention in regulating organizational purpose and performance has increased. So the organizations are working towards the success by way of utilizing the greatest human assets. Management must be keenly aware of employee s views. Employee satisfaction is a successful means of measuring and acting upon employee s current beliefs and many job-related subjects. In previous years the employees were considered as mere tools for enhancing their production. In the present years the employees were considered as the basic pillar for achieving organizational goals and objectives. Human beings have a certain level of expectation and the fulfillment of these expectations derives happiness and satisfaction. We all know that wants are unlimited and resources are limits, so every man s desire is to derive maximum from these minimum resources. KEYWORDS: New Technologies, Minimum Resources, Employee Satisfaction Original Article Received: Apr 30, 2016; Accepted: May 31, 2016; Published: Jun 10, 2016; Paper Id.: JHRMDJUN20164 INTRODUCTION Objectives of the Study Primary Objectives To know the job satisfaction of the employees To know the employee s facilities provided by the company Secondary Objectives To find the employee s level of satisfaction towards Age Group of the employee s. To collect the employee s opinion towards Cleanliness prevailing by the company. To find the employee s level of satisfaction towards Welfare Measures provide by the company. To find the level of satisfaction towards the employee s Treatment by the supervisors. To find the level of satisfaction towards the Fringe Benefits provided by the company. To collect opinion from the employee s regarding Working Condition, Climate & Opportunities for

2 40 G. Purushothaman, K. Krishnamurthy & M. Sakthivel Murugan involvement of work in the organization. To Know the employee s level of satisfaction towards Organization Policies for the employee s carrier development To find the extended and level of Employee s Participation allowed with the management. To find the level of satisfaction towards Discipline Maintain with the organization. To find the level of satisfaction regarding Training and Development Programme conducted by the organization. To collect the opinion from the employee s regarding Responsibilities of the job. To collect the level of satisfaction towards the employee s regarding Adequate Guidance getting from the superiors during the time of executing their job To find the employee s level of satisfaction with the leave and Privileges provided by the company. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Research Design A research design helps to define the problem, method of data collections and analysis, time requirement for the product and to estimate the expense to be incurred. It is purely and simply the framework or plan for a study that guides data collection. Sample Design Sampling is an integral part of the data collection process as it is not feasible to secure the data from each and every employee. DATA COLLECTION Primary Data Primary data was collected through personal interview from the target respondents to meet the information needed for the study. Secondary Data Secondary data has been collected from relevant data from the HR manager, newspapers, journals, Internet and word of mouth. Sampling Procedures 50 samples have been collected among 89 employees. Sampling method, which has been adopted, is convenience sampling. Statistical Tool The Collected data has been subjected to analysis to using an appropriate tool like percentage, Chi-Square test and likert analysis.

3 A Study on Employee Engagement through Job 41 Satisfaction at the Work Place in Selected Companies Percentage Analysis In this tool, various percentages are identified in the analysis and they are presented by way of Bar-Diagrams, Pie Charts, and Cone-Charts in order to have better understanding of the analysis. Chi-Square Test The Ψ 2 test is one of the simplest and most widely no-parametric tests in statistics. To determine the value of Test steps involved are as follows: Calculate the expected frequency. Take the difference between observed and expected frequency and obtained the square of these differences. Divide the value of (O E )2 obtained in step2 by the respective expected frequency and obtain the total Σ(O E )2 /E. This gives the Value 2 which can range from zero to infinity. If it is zero it means the observed and expected frequencies completely coinciding the greater the discrepancy between the observed and expected frequencies the greater shall be the value of Ψ2. One of the conditions for the applications of 2 tests is that no cell frequency should be less than 5 in any case. If 01, 02, on are the observed values and E1, E2, En are corresponding expected values then Chi Square can be given by 2 = (O E )2 /E. With (C 1) (R 1) Degree of Freedom. If the calculated value of Ψ 2 < the table value of Ψ 2 H o is accepted at the significant level α. If the calculated value of Ψ 2 > the table value. H o is rejected at significant value α. Limitations of the Study Insufficient secondary data. The survey was taken only from 50 employees. Time constraint was the major limitation in the study. Data Analysis and Table 1: Table Showing the Gender of the Employees S.NO GENDER RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE 1 Male Female The above table represents the gender of the employees of CENZA Technologies Pvt. Ltd. 26% of the employees are male, 74% of the employees are female and from the above table it is inferred that most of the employee s of CENZA Technologies Pvt. Ltd., are female

4 42 G. Purushothaman, K. Krishnamurthy & M. Sakthivel Murugan Male Female Figure 1 Table 2: Table Showing the Age Group of the Employees S.NO. AGE GROUP NO OF EMPLOYEES PERCENTAGE 1. Below 25 Years Nil Nil 5. Above 55 Nil Nil The above table represents the age group of the employees of CENZA Technologies Pvt. Ltd. 52% of the employees are below 25 years age group, 28% of the employees are years age group, 20% of the employees are years age group, None of them are nor above 55 age group. From the above table it is inferred that most of the employee s of CENZA Technologies Pvt. Ltd., are of age group blow 25 Years PERCENTAGE Below 25 Years Above 55 Figure 2 Table 3: Table Showing the Educational Qualification of Employees S.NO QUALIFICATION NO OF EMPLOYEES PERCENTAGE 1 X & XII Graduate Post graduate Diploma Below X Nil Nil The above table represents the education qualification of the employees of CENZA Technologies Pvt. Ltd. 4% of the employees are X & XII, 60% of the employees are graduates, 12% of the employees are post graduates, 24% of the employees are diploma, None of them are below X. The above table shows that most of employees of CENZA Technologies Pvt. Ltd., are Graduates.

5 A Study on Employee Engagement through Job 43 Satisfaction at the Work Place in Selected Companies PERCENTAGE Below X Diploma Post graduate Graduate X & XII Figure 3 Table 4: Table Showing the Martial Status of the Employees S.NO MARITAL STATUS NO OF EMPLOYEES PERCENTAGE 1 Married Unmarried The above table represents the marital status of the employees of the employees of CENZA Technologies Pvt. Ltd. 22% of the employees are married, 78% of the employees are unmarried. The above table shows that most of employees of CENZA Technologies Pvt. Ltd., are Unmarried Married Unmarried 20 0 PERCENTAGE Figure 4 Table 5: Table Showing the Work Experience of Employees S.NO EXPERIENCE NO OF EMPLOYEES PERCENTAGE 1 Below 1 Year Years Years Years Above 5 Years 2 4 The above table represents the work experience of the employees of CENZA Technologies Pvt. Ltd. 34% of the employees are below 1 years experienced, 26% of the employees are between 1 2 years experienced, 14% of the employees are between 2 3 years experienced, 22% of the employees are between 3 5 years experienced and 4% of the employees are above 5 years experienced. The above table shows that most of employees of CENZA Technologies Pvt. Ltd., below 1 year experienced.

6 44 G. Purushothaman, K. Krishnamurthy & M. Sakthivel Murugan Below 1 Year 1-2 Years 2-3 Years 3-5 Years Above 5 Years Figure 5 Table 6: Table Showing the Gross Salary of the Employees S.NO SALARY NO OF EMPLOYEES PERCENTAGE 1 Below Above The above table represents the gross salary of the employees of CENZA Technologies Pvt. Ltd. 38% of the employees receive salary below Rs 3000, 20% of the employees receive salary between Rs , 28% of the employees receive salary between Rs , 14% of the employees receive salary above Rs The above table shows that most of employees of CENZA Technologies Pvt. Ltd., receive below Rs Below Above PERCENTAGE Figure 6 Table 7: Table Showing the Satisfaction of Employees to Wards the Salary S.NO SATISFACTION FROM THEIR SALARY RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE 1 Highly Satisfied Satisfied Moderately satisfied Dissatisfied Highly Dissatisfied 2 4 The above table represents the level of satisfaction of the employees of CENZA Technologies Pvt. Ltd., to wards the salary. 54% of the employees are highly satisfied, 26% of the employees are satisfied, 14% of the employees are moderately satisfied, 2% of the employees are dissatisfied, and 4% of the employees are highly dissatisfied. The above table shows that most of employees of CENZA Technologies Pvt. Ltd., are highly satisfied with their gross salary.

7 A Study on Employee Engagement through Job 45 Satisfaction at the Work Place in Selected Companies PERCENTAGE Highly Satisfied Satisfied Moderately satisfied Dissatisfied Highly Dissatisfied Figure 7 Table 8: Table Showing the Employees Opinion Toward the Cleanness of the Company S.NO OPINION NO OF EMPLOYEES PERCENTAGE 1 Highly Satisfied Satisfied Moderately satisfied Nil Nil 4 Dissatisfied Nil Nil 5 Highly Dissatisfied 3 6 The above table represents the level of satisfaction of the employees to wards Cleanness privilege of the CENZA Technologies Pvt. Ltd. 74% of the employees are highly satisfied, 20% of the employees are satisfied, None of them were moderately satisfied or dissatisfied, 1% of the employees are dissatisfied. The above table shows that most of employees are highly satisfied with the cleanness and privilege of CENZA Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Highly Dissatisfied Dissatisfied PERCENTAGE Moderately satisfied Satisfied Highly Satisfied Figure 8 Table 9: Employees Level of Satisfaction Toward the Nature of their Job S.NO OPINION NO OF EMPLOYEES PERCENTAGE 1 Highly Satisfied Satisfied Moderately satisfied Dissatisfied Highly Dissatisfied 2 4 The above table represents the level of satisfaction of the employees to wards nature of the job in CENZA Technologies Pvt. Ltd. 82% of the employees are highly satisfied, 8% of the employees are satisfied, 2% of the employees are moderately satisfied, 4% of the employees are dissatisfied, and 4% of the employees are highly dissatisfied. The above table shows that most of employees are highly satisfied with the nature of the job in CENZA Technologies Pvt. Ltd.

8 46 G. Purushothaman, K. Krishnamurthy & M. Sakthivel Murugan PERCENTAGE Highly Satisfied Satisfied Moderately satisfied Dissatisfied Highly Dissatisfied Figure 9 Table 10: Table Showing the Opinion of the Employees Towards Welfare Measures S. No. Welfare Highly Highly Satisfied Moderately Dissatisfied Measures Satisfied Dissatisfied 1. Canteen Nil Nil 2. Medical Allowance Nil 3. Water Facilities Nil Nil 4. Loans & Advances % of the employees are highly satisfied with canteen, 33% of the employees were satisfied, 5% of the employees are moderately satisfied, and none of them were dissatisfied or highly dissatisfied, 32% of the employees are highly satisfied with medical allowance, 10% of the employees are satisfied, 6% of the employees are moderately satisfied, 2% of the employees are dissatisfied and none of them were highly dissatisfied, 13% of the employees are highly satisfied with the water facilities, 9% of the employees are satisfied, and 28% of the employees are moderately satisfied. None of them were dissatisfied or highly dissatisfied, 7% of the employees are highly satisfied, 25% of the employees are satisfied, 28% moderately satisfied, and none of them were dissatisfied or highly dissatisfied. The above table shows that most of employees are highly satisfied with water facility in CENZA Technologies Pvt. Ltd H.S S M.S D.S H.D.S Canteen Figure 10 CHI SQUARE Chi-Square test is employed for testing hypothesis when distribution of population is not know and when nominal data is to Analyzed. When a small no of degree of freedom increases the distribution curve become more symmetrical and resembles the normal curve.

9 A Study on Employee Engagement through Job 47 Satisfaction at the Work Place in Selected Companies TEST: 1 Aim:- To test whether there is any significant relationship between education and salary. H 0 Null Hypothesis There do not exist any significant relationship between education and the salary. H 1 Alternative Hypothesis There exist significant relationship between education and the salary. Level of significance α = 0.05 (5% level) Table 11: Calculations O E (O-E) (O-E) 2 (O-E) 2 /E Ψ Degree of Freedom = (r 1) (c 1) = (5 1) (4 1) = 4 x 3 = 12 Table Value at 5% level of significant = RESULTS Ψ 2 Calculated ( ) > Ψ 2 Tabulated (21.026) Inference

10 48 G. Purushothaman, K. Krishnamurthy & M. Sakthivel Murugan Since the calculated value is greater then tabulated value, we reject H o. i.e. there is significant relationship between education and the salary TEST: 2 Aim: To test the whether there exist any significance relationship between the salary and satisfaction towards working conditions and facilities. H 0 Null Hypothesis facilities. There do not exist any significant relationship between the salary and satisfaction towards working conditions and H 1 Alternative Hypothesis There exist significant relationship between the salary and satisfaction towards working conditions and facilities. Level of significance α = 0.05 (5% level) Table 12: Calculations O E (O-E) (O-E)2 (O-E)2/E Ψ Degree of Freedom = (r 1) (c 1) = (4 1) (5 1) = 3 x 4

11 A Study on Employee Engagement through Job 49 Satisfaction at the Work Place in Selected Companies = 12 RESULTS Inference Table Value at 5% level of significant = Ψ 2 Calculated (3.8257) < Ψ 2 Tabulated (21.026) Since the calculated value is lesser then tabulated value, we accept H o. i.e. there is significance relationship between gross salary and working conditions & facilities provided by the company. Likert Type Scale Likert type scale are used to judge the most preferred items from the rank stated overall rating is taken into consideration. The weight is given to each rank with respect to their relative preference to the question. Highly influenced with 5 as weighted points. Influenced with 4 as weighted points. Moderate with 3 as weighted points. Less significant with 2 as weighted points. Least significant with 1 as weighted points. The weighted score are calculated using the above as ranking order and its weight age. The brand having the highest weight score is given the first rank, so until the having least weight score is give the lowest rank. Table 13: Likert Scale Applied in Calculating the Opinion about the Welfare Measures ATTRIBUTES HIGHLY MODERATEL HIGHLY SATISFIED DISSATISFIED SATISFIED Y SATISFIED DISSATISFIED CANTEEN Nil Nil MEDICAL ALLOWANCE Nil WATER FACILITY Nil Nil LOANS & ADVANCES Canteen X = 12X5 + 34X4 + 4X3 + 0X2 + 0X1 = = 208 Y = 208x100 / 100x5 = 41.6 CANTEEN Nil Nil

12 50 G. Purushothaman, K. Krishnamurthy & M. Sakthivel Murugan Medical Allowance MEDICAL ALLOWANCE Nil X = 32X5 + 10X4 + 6X3 + 2X2 + 0X1 = = 222 Y = 222x100 / 100x5 = 44.4 Water Facility WATER FACILITY Nil Nil X = 13X5 + 10X4 + 27X3 + 0X2 + 0X1 = = 186 Y = 186x100 / 100x5 = 37.2 Loan Facilities LOAN FACILITIES X = 6X5 + 24X4 + 17X3 + 1X2 + 2X1 = = 181 Y = 181x100 / 100x5 = 36.2 Inference The likert scale helps to identify the respondent preference in a following order Medical Allowance Canteen Water Facility Loan Facilities FINDINGS Most of the employees are female in the company. (74%)

13 A Study on Employee Engagement through Job 51 Satisfaction at the Work Place in Selected Companies Most of the employees are below 25 years of age group. (52%) Most of the employees are graduates. (60%) Most of the employees are unmarried. (78%) Most of the employees are below 1 year experienced. (34%) Most of the employees receive below 3000 of gross salary. (38%) Most of the employees are highly satisfied with their salary. (54%) Most of the employees are highly satisfied with cleanness of the company. (74%) Most of the employees are highly satisfied with their nature of job. (82%) Most of the employees are highly satisfied with medical allowances. (32%) SUGGESTIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS Change working conditions in the company. Allow employees in the management decisions. Try to increase development opportunities in the company. Provision for better welfare facilities. Make changes in the company policies regarding carrier development of the employees. Develop training and development programs in the company. Try to get more suggestion by the employees. CONCLUSIONS The study is to find the level of employees satisfaction in Cenza Technologies (P) Ltd., Chennai. This study includes the differences of satisfaction levels with various factors. Like facilities provided, working environment, rewards given by the company and work place. The result shows that level of satisfaction of the employee depends on the various factors including income, designation, job liking, and importance of opinions, work facilities, and co-worker relationship. Finding also shows that there is significant relationship between the factors includes safety measures, training programs, fringe benefits and satisfaction level. REFERENCES 1. Dr. M.V. Pylee A Simon George, Industrial Relationship & Personal Management, Vikas Publishing house Pvt. Ltd. 2. Stephen P. Robbins, Organizational Behavior, Hall of India Pvt. Ltd. 3. Gupta C.B., Human Resources Management, Sultan Chand & Sons, New Delhi, Wendell, French, The Personal Management Process Human Resources Administration, Houghton Miffin & Co, Boston, 1967.

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