Volpe The National Transportation Systems Center

Transcription

1 A Comprehensive Approach to Health in Regional Transportation Planning: Experiences in the U.S.A. Polis Working Group How to make the link between health and transport 19 October 2013 William M. Lyons Volpe The National Transportation Systems Center Volpe The National Transportation Systems Center Advancing transportation innovation for the public good U.S. Department of Transportation Research and Innovative Technology Administration John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center 1

2 Introduction US Department of Transportation/Volpe National Transportation Systems Center Research for Federal Highway Administration 1. Consideration of public health by regional transportation planning agencies (MPOs) and state Departments of Transportation (DOTs) o White papers: best practices and innovation 2. Nonmotorized Transportation Pilot Program o $100 million on walking/bicycling in 4 pilot communities o Evaluate and report results to Congress on several goals Includes health 2

3 Introduction Overview: US framework for transport planning Roles and responsibilities of Federal, state, and regions (MPOs) Health is an emerging topic Consider within US planning framework Identify opportunities and challenges Mainstreaming health within transportation planning Identify comprehensive and collaborative approaches Technical resource for transportation and health peers 3

4 US Planning Framework Focus on the planning process Specific national goals and measures Flexibility for state, regional, and local goals, strategies, measures Emphasis on performance National framework: developed with states, regions, cities, modes Implemented by states and urban areas (regions) over 50,

5 US Planning Framework Institutional roles and responsibilities (cooperation) Top-down AND Bottom-up o National (USDOT and EPA) o State o Metropolitan Areas/MPOs o Cities o Transportation modal agencies o Public and Stakeholders From strategic planning to project selection and implementation Plans should be decision documents Performance monitoring, accountability, and transparency Monitor the planning process itself Built-in incentives Expectation for continuous improvement Urban areas start from different places 5 5

6 US Planning Framework Focus on: A 3-C Planning Process o Continuing, Cooperative, Comprehensive Strategic planning Performance of multimodal system Intermodal planning Products of the process Long Range Plan Strategic thinking 20+ year horizon Vision and scenarios for region Critical choices and trade-offs 4 year investment program Focus on implementation Management tool: links Long Range Plan to decisions Emphasis on performance-based planning and performance management 6 6

7 US Planning Framework Transition to performance and outcome-based program (MAP-21, 2012) National performance goals Safety Infrastructure Condition Congestion Reduction System Reliability Freight Movement and Economic Vitality Environmental Sustainability 7 7

8 Integrated Framework 8

9 Emerging Approach to Health: Volpe white papers Holistic approach to health Air quality Safety Active Transportation Access to medical care/ food/other by different populations Explicit and forward looking: future decisions Build from best practices Dan Burden, Develop framework for comprehensive approach 9

10 A Holistic Approach to Health 10

11 MPO White Paper - Methodology Policy, funding, and regulatory context Identification of best practice MPOs Develop Framework to consider health Synthesis: barriers, opportunities, lessons learned Luciano Rizzi, 11

12 Case Studies Sacramento Area Council of Governments Puget Sound Regional Council San Diego Association of Governments Nashville MPO 12

13 Sacramento Area Council of Governments (SACOG) 6 counties 22 cities 2.4 million people

14 Blueprint: Information-based planning D Regional Jurisdiction Neighborhood

15 Metropolitan Transportation Plan / Sustainable Communities Strategy Principles & Associated Performance Outcomes Smart Land Use - Jobs/Housing Balance - Mix Index Environmental Quality - Farmland Lost - Resource Lands Affected Financial Stewardship - % of Growth through Infill Redevelopment - Cost Effectiveness Economic Vitality - Cost Effectiveness - Benefit / Cost Access and Mobility - Vehicle Miles Traveled - Mode Share Equity and Choice - Housing Option Diversity - % of Households with Good Transit Options

16 Metropolitan Transportation Plan / Sustainable Communities Strategy Community Types: Share of trips by transit, bike or walk

17 Metropolitan Transportation Plan / Sustainable Communities Strategy Community Types: Total Cost of Transportation per household Auto ownership Auto use Transit

18 Surface Transportation Environment and Planning Cooperative Research Program Webinar More information and Stephan Vance (619) , P: F: West Main Street, New York, NY

19 Regional Planning Context Regional Comprehensive Plan: A strategy for regional development based on smart growth addressing Urban Form Transportation Housing Environment Economic Prosperity Public Facilities Borders Social Equity 19

20 SANDAG/HHSA Collaboration Shared Geographic Areas Orange County Riverside County Oceanside Carlsbad Encinitas Solana Beach Del Mar Vista San Marcos Escondido Poway County of San Diego PACIFIC OCEAN Coronado Imperial Beach San Diego Santee La Mesa El Cajon Lemon Grove National City Chula Vista San Diego MEXICO Imperial County Shared Objectives: Communities that promote quality of life and health by providing housing and transportation choices, and access to employment, healthy food, services, and recreation. 20

21 $16.1 million for obesity prevention Healthy Nutrition: increasing availability of fresh produce in communities and facilitating breastfeeding workplace policies Healthy Schools: improving nutrition and increasing physical activity in schools Healthy Places: changing the built environment to increase physical activity

22 Healthy Places Initiatives Health Community Mapping and Modeling Regional Planning Policies and Metrics Healthy Communities Campaign Safe Routes to Schools Active Commuters Transportation Regional Bikeway Signage and Promotion

23 Integrated Framework 23

24 MPO White Paper - Framework/Insights Sources of motivation Partnerships with public health agencies, NGOs, etc. Public and advocacy groups Local government that bring health issues to MPOs National initiatives or grants Research and analysis

25 MPO White Paper - Framework/Insights Early actions Early actions establish communications and relationships that can lead to institutionalized integration of health into MPO plans

26 MPO White Paper - Framework/Insights Structural changes Structural changes show evidence of formally integrating health into the MPO planning process through goals, advisory committees, membership on boards, funding dedication, project selection criteria, and performance management. 26

27 MPO White Paper - Framework/Insights Integration into decision-making Health can be integrated into MPO visions and goals, long-range plans, 4 year investment plans, system monitoring, and performance measurement. Dedicated funding and project selection criteria are the strongest examples of decision-making integration. Key challenge and opportunity: o Data, Performance Measures o Consideration of Health in Performance-based Planning 27

28 Nonmotorized Pilot Program USDOT provided $100 m. to demonstrate role of walking and bicycling 4 pilot communities Columbia, Missouri; Marin County, Calif.; Minneapolis, MN; Sheboygan, Wisconsin Demonstrate: mode shift, health and environmental benefits Report to Congress (2012) Extend analysis January 2014 Report Expanded focus on health and accessibility o Using WHO HEAT model with US Centers for Disease Control o Exploring use of Woodcock/ITHIM model 28

29 Contact Information William M. Lyons: Transportation Planning and Healthy Communities research for FHWA Metropolitan Area Transportation Planning for Healthy Communities, final report Statewide Transportation and Healthy Communities, report to be posted at: 20 October 2012 Webinar on white papers, with MPO case studies Nonmotorized Transportation Pilot Program Report to Congress Looking forward: other related work Phase 3: Volpe Center white paper on data and performance measures for MPO and state transportation planning for healthy communities Nonmotorized Pilot Program: January 2014 report: includes focus on health o Possible applications of WHO HEAT and Woodcock models US Department of Transportation and Centers for Disease Control collaboration o Transportation and Health Index Tool: under development 29