Competence in dynamic positioning for key technical personnel
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1 STANDARD DNVGL-ST-0123 Edition March 2017 Competence in dynamic positioning for key technical personnel The electronic pdf version of this document, available free of charge from is the officially binding version.
2 FOREWORD DNV GL standards contain requirements, principles and acceptance criteria for objects, personnel, organisations and/or operations. March 2017 Any comments may be sent by to This service document has been prepared based on available knowledge, technology and/or information at the time of issuance of this document. The use of this document by others than DNV GL is at the user's sole risk. DNV GL does not accept any liability or responsibility for loss or damages resulting from any use of this document.
3 CHANGES CURRENT This is a new document. Changes - current Standard DNVGL-ST Edition March 2017 Page 3
4 CONTENTS Changes current... 3 Section 1 Introduction Objective Scope Application Professional profile Required performance standard... 5 Contents Section 2 Taxonomy General Levels of cognition Professional behaviour verbs...7 Section 3 Competence requirements General General all notations Table 3-2: Type specific - manufacturer Section 4 References References Changes - historic...18 Standard DNVGL-ST Edition March 2017 Page 4
5 SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Objective The objective of the standard is to state the expected level of awareness and competence of key technical personnel assigned watchkeeping duties or maintenance/repair work on systems that may affect DP integrity of a vessel or installation. 1.2 Scope The standard aims to provide guidance for establishing a competence foundation through an identified set of DP-related competencies and described level of awareness for key technical personnel, such as engineers, engine room watch keepers, electro technical staff and relevant shore-based staff involved in, or responsible for, related activities. Due to the fact that there are many different systems it is important that the knowledge, understanding and skills as described in the standard can be applied to the actual system and procedures on board. Type specific competencies shall be developed through type specific competence development provided by the manufacturer or by a training centre, approved by the manufacturer. 1.3 Application The target group of the standard consists of key technical personnel and technical staff, without a dynamic positioning (DP) background. These can be engineers, electro technical officers, shore-based technical staff or anyone assigned watchkeeping duties or maintenance/repair work on systems that may affect DP integrity of a vessel or installation. This standard can be used in the following ways: as a reference to familiarise or assess people in a related role on board or on shore as a reference to familiarise or assess people in a related role on board or on shore as a guide to training providers, who are to develop courses according to the requirements of the standard and needs of the industry as a reference document for e.g. certification of learning programmes and personnel. 1.4 Professional profile The technician who is assigned watchkeeping duties or maintenance/repair work on systems that may affect DP integrity of a vessel shall be able to respond quickly and appropriately to equipment failures that can result in DP incidents and be able to judge if technical work can commence, continue or should be suspended. They shall demonstrate a thorough insight in the relevant systems and DP modes and have a holistic view of the vessel's management systems and operations to assess potential impact of technical activities on the operational condition. 1.5 Required performance standard Whilst undertaking the duties described in [1.4] the technician shall demonstrate all competencies in compliance with applicable international, national and local regulations and requirements. Other regulations shall be adhered to where applicable and the technician shall ensure that the required systems to keep the vessel or installation under control remain operable and not cause damage to life, environment or property, during technical, maintenance and repair activities. Standard DNVGL-ST Edition March 2017 Page 5
6 SECTION 2 TAXONOMY 2.1 General Taxonomy of the required professional behaviour specifies the level on which the person should be able to operate. It is a hierarchical arrangement in four (4) levels of what a person has to master from simple to complex requirements, based on instructional design principles. For every next level, it is a prerequisite that the preceding level is mastered. The required professional behaviour is expressed by means of a verb. 2.2 Levels of cognition Each competence requirement can be classed by the level of cognition required to meet the competence requirement. Level 1: knowledge (K) Level 2: understanding (U) Level 3: application (A) Level 4: integration (I) To remember or to reproduce on basis of appropriate, previously learned information. To give meaning to new situations and or new material by recollection and using necessary present information. To give evidence of insight in certain activities. To use previously acquired information in new and concrete situations to solve problems that have single or best answers. To separate information into their component parts, to examine such information to develop divergent conclusions by identifying motives or causes, making inferences, and or finding evidence to support generalizations. To creatively apply prior knowledge and skills to produce a new or original whole. To judge the value of material based on personal values or opinions, resulting in an end product, with a given purpose, without real right or wrong answers. Standard DNVGL-ST Edition March 2017 Page 6
7 2.3 Professional behaviour verbs The lists of verbs in the table below are not exhaustive and should be used as guidance only. Level of cognition Knowledge (K) Understanding (U) Application (A) Integration (I) Relevant action verbs Choose, cite, describe, distinguish, find, give example, group, identify, indicate, know, label, list, listen, locate, match, memorise, name, outline, quote, read, recall, recognise, record, recite, relate, repeat, reproduce, retrieve, review, select, show, sort, state, underline, write Account for, annotate, associate, classify, compare, define, describe, discuss, estimate, exemplify, explain, give examples of, give main idea, identify, infer, interpret, observe, outline, paraphrase, recognise, reorganise, report, restate, retell, research, review, summarise, translate Adapt, apply, arrange, calculate, carry out, change, collect, compute, conclude, construct, demonstrate, dramatize, draw, exhibit, execute, extract, illustrate, implement, include, instruct, interpret, interview, make, manipulate, obtain, operate, paint, practice, prepare, sequence, show, sketch, solve, translate, use Analyse, appraise, argue, arrange, assess, attribute, calculate, categorise, check, choose, combine, compare, contrast, criticise, critique, debate, decide, deconstruct, deduce, defend, design, detect, determine, develop, diagram, differentiate, discriminate, dissect, distinguish, evaluate, examine, experiment, find, formulate, group, hypothesise, infer, investigate, integrate, interpret, inspect, inquire, judge, justify, measure, monitor, order, organise, outline, plan, predict, prioritise, probe, question, rank, rate, recommend, reject, relate, research, revise, score, separate, select, sequence, sift, structure, survey, tell why, test, validate, value Standard DNVGL-ST Edition March 2017 Page 7
8 SECTION 3 COMPETENCE REQUIREMENTS 3.1 General Each competence statement is derived from a task that needs to be performed. The competence statement is defined in an objective format to clearly define what has to be done to satisfy the competence expectation. At the same time it facilitates the derivation of assessment criteria and the assessments used to measure individual competence. The competence requirements are grouped into functional domains that are further sub-divided into tasks or topics. Each competence statement is allocated a level of cognition that can be used to determine the type of assessment required to measure competence. In addition roles are indicated to which the statement is assumed to apply. Competence is related to DP-related systems and operations, which require theoretical knowledge, intellectual and physical skills. Performance to be assessed is defined throughout the competence tables. Competence is related to DP-related systems and operations, which require theoretical knowledge, intellectual and physical skills. Performance to be assessed is defined throughout the competence tables. 3.2 General all notations Table 3-1 Competence requirements general all notations Relevance per position ID Activity Required level of cognition Chief Engineer EOOW ETO/Chief Elec ER personnel 1. UNDERPINNING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING 1.1 Fundamentals Describe the general principles and operating philosophy of dynamic positioning K Explain common DP definitions Describe what is considered critical equipment in relation to dynamic positioning K Recognise the different consequences of certain actions on DP vessels vs. regular vessels Explain DP class requirements for the vessel U Recognise violations of DP class U 1.2 Regulations, documentation and procedures Locate and use applicable rules, regulations and recommendations related to your role K Interpret technical documentation about DP-related systems and technical equipment U Standard DNVGL-ST Edition March 2017 Page 8
9 Relevance per position ID Activity Required level of cognition Chief Engineer EOOW ETO/Chief Elec ER personnel Interpret vessel s DP operations manual, DP system functional design document and system specific DP operator manual U Describe the purpose and generic content of a field manual/joint operations manual K Interpret the DP checklists related to DP setup, activity planning, project/mission Explain difference between technical bulletins and safety notices Describe the contents and purpose of activity specific operating guidelines K Interpret activity specific operating guidelines (ASOG) U Perform a status assessment against applicable operating guidelines A 1.3 Redundancy Explain principles of redundancy U Explain the redundancy requirements for IMO DP class 1, 2 and 3 (position reference systems (PRS), thrusters, generators, etc.) Explain how redundancy is evaluated U Assess consequences of own actions on redundancy A 1.4 System familiarisation Describe the role of the following elements in the DP system: environment reference system, power generation, power management system, position reference systems, heading reference systems, thruster and propulsion systems control elements Explain the working principle and purpose of heading sensors (gyro), wind sensors and vertical reference sensors/motion reference unit K U Explain the consequences of losing a reference system in relation to DP-class status U Describe the DP modes autopos, joystick and mixed mode joystick K Explain the general layout of an operator station U Explain the fundamental difference between the integrated DP joystick and the hard wired independent joystick system U Explain the purpose and functionality of process stations/field stations U Explain the DP block diagram U 1.5 Failure modes and effects analyses (FMEA) Describe the meaning of failure modes K Describe the contents and purpose of an FMEA K Standard DNVGL-ST Edition March 2017 Page 9
10 Relevance per position ID Activity Required level of cognition Chief Engineer EOOW ETO/Chief Elec ER personnel Interpret the FMEA for your vessel/installation U Explain the importance of FMEA proving trials U Determine the tests to be carried out during annual trials for own area of responsibility A 1.6 DP trials Explain the command structure and lines of communication during annual DP trials Demonstrate proper recording/reporting of trial findings A Recognise possibilities and limitations of parallel activities while under DP Prepare on board trial table based on defined tests U Perform checks/trials for area of responsibility A Recognise the value of DP trials for familiarisation with the vessel U Verify consideration of DP incidents in prepared trials I Review trial document for completeness and adequacy I 2. DP SYSTEMS, EQUIPMENT AND INSTRUMENTS POWER MANAGEMENT 2.1 Power management system/icms Explain typical power management arrangements U Explain the importance of power system redundancy U Determine the power management system settings as defined in the vessel's functional design document A Explain the power generation requirements of the DP system U Explain the selectivity of protection in the network U Operate the power management system in normal conditions A Operate the power management system in downgraded conditions A Interpret information given by power management systems U Give an overview of heavy power consumers, load-shedding and power limitations in the various systems U Compare the power available against power consumption I Recognise when safe DP parameters are exceeded U 2.2 The switchboard Standard DNVGL-ST Edition March 2017 Page 10
11 Relevance per position ID Activity Required level of cognition Chief Engineer EOOW ETO/Chief Elec ER personnel Interpret the functional design document of the vessel for own area of responsibility U Explain the logic of the system U Explain the function of interlocks and switchovers U Explain the function of automatic change-overs U Determine likely consequences of disabling automatic changeovers A Assess the impact of operations and mission equipment on the switchboard A Determine the appropriate settings of the switchboard for a given condition/operation A 2.3 Busbar settings Determine optimum bus-tie breaker-setting and which engines to use during the operation Explain the relationship between the busbar-setting to be used and the vessel s DP class Determine if both closed and open busbar-setting are approved for operating under the relevant DP-class A U A Explain when configuration needs to be changed U 2.4 Uninterruptable power supply (UPS) State operational requirements/limitations of UPS K Explain when to bypass the UPS U Demonstrate how to bypass the UPS A 3. DP SYSTEMS, EQUIPMENT AND INSTRUMENTS PROPULSION 3.1 General Describe propulsion, thrusters and rudder types used by DP systems K Explain the general principle, function and operation of controllable pitch propellers, direct drive, drives Describe the different systems that control the thrusters (manual levers, autopilot, independent joystick, main DP, backup DP, emergency steering) U U Recognise the minimum propulsion requirements for safe operations (redundancy) U Describe when the different thruster control systems are used K Explain the different operating modes U Standard DNVGL-ST Edition March 2017 Page 11
12 Relevance per position ID Activity Required level of cognition Chief Engineer EOOW ETO/Chief Elec ER personnel Recognise that tripping conditions may be different under DP U Describe the decision-making process for tripping a thruster K Explain the purpose of loop monitoring and where it can be expected U Operate the emergency stops A 4. DP SYSTEMS, EQUIPMENT AND INSTRUMENTS VARIOUS 4.1 Auxiliary equipment Explain the impact of system separation Perform tasks as defined on DP checklist A Recognise that auxiliary equipment forms part of the DP system Recognise that work on auxiliary equipment may directly influence the DP-system Line up the cooling water system for DP operation A Explain the relationship between firefighting systems, ventilation and dynamic positioning Recognize that consequences of problems with auxiliary equipment (ventilation system, fire detection, fuel systems, gas detection, cooling water, etc.), may be greater under DP 4.2 Alarms and indicators Describe the DP status alert levels K Describe alarms and visual indications which may affect the integrity of the DP-system and associated actions Evaluate the consequences of pre-warnings and alarm status and possibility to continue the operation K I 4.3 Mission equipment Recognise the effect the use of mission equipment may have on dynamic positioning (e.g. pipe lay interface, cranes, diving/trenching/bow loading gear) U Recognise the impact of using mission equipment on power management U 5. OPERATIONS 5.1 Assessing risks Recognise the importance of (re)assessing risks when operating under DP Assess risks and consequences of own activities that may affect DP A Standard DNVGL-ST Edition March 2017 Page 12
13 Relevance per position ID Activity Required level of cognition Chief Engineer EOOW ETO/Chief Elec ER personnel 5.2 Blackout recovery Explain the difference between a partial and complete blackout and respective consequences for the vessel Explain the specific challenges of experiencing a blackout while under DP U Describe the process for a blackout recovery and parties involved K Perform steps in blackout recovery for own area of operation A Plan, execute and lead blackout recovery drills A 5.3 Contingencies Describe vessel-related and external conditions which may result in aborting the operation K Define actions in case the vessel s integrity is breached while under DP K Define actions in case of an emergency shutdown (rig) K 5.4 Operations Perform actions with reference to the DP operation for your area of responsibility in accordance with applicable procedures Determine the operational ability/functionality of the DP-system for your area of responsibility Assess correct configuration and use of DP equipment/systems in the normal mode of operations Determine the need for required changes in power and engines due to changing environmental conditions Determine applicable procedures for your area of responsibility related to the DP operation A A A A A Perform the tasks on the DP-checklist for your area of responsibility A Identify correct configuration of DP related systems/equipment in the normal mode of operations for your area of responsibility Plan repairs and maintenance activities based on the operational plan for a DPoperation I 5.5 Watchkeeping Recognize technical occurrences/activities which may have an effect on the DPoperation Standard DNVGL-ST Edition March 2017 Page 13
14 Relevance per position ID Activity Required level of cognition Chief Engineer EOOW ETO/Chief Elec ER personnel Describe the DP watchkeeping organisation on board, authority and distribution of tasks amongst the bridge team and ER Demonstrate a continuous awareness of the DP system's status, as applicable to your role, operation and impact of operating under DP K A Determine the DP-status A 5.6 Permit to work Explain the importance of a permit to work system Describe the process and responsibilities related to obtaining a permit to work on board your vessel/installation K Explain why planned maintenance activities cannot always be performed while under DP 6. ORGANISATION AND COMMUNICATION 6.1 Management Explain the concept of management of change U Describe the importance of stringent management of change in an operational (DP) environment K Develop training scenarios (table-top exercises, operational drills) I Recognise that standing orders for regular operations differ from standing orders while operating under DP 6.2 Communication Determine which DP-related situations and occurrences shall be communicated to the next level A Perform an operational kick off/toolbox meeting A Explain the critical importance of good communications between deck and engine department 6.3 Reporting and logging Explain the importance of logging DP-related activities, incidents and near misses Explain the importance of planned maintenance reporting and historic entries Report failures in equipment or DP-related occurrences within your area of responsibility that could (have) result(ed) in DP incidents K 6.4 Human element Standard DNVGL-ST Edition March 2017 Page 14
15 Relevance per position ID Activity Required level of cognition Chief Engineer EOOW ETO/Chief Elec ER personnel Explain the principle of challenge and response and its importance on a safe working environment Demonstrate challenge and response in a work setting A Recognise own role in influencing the company and work culture in a positive manner Explain how cultural differences influence every day operations Explain the process of decision-making Determine the implications, consequences and causal relationships of decisions and actions in a work-related situation Demonstrate a continuous awareness of the vessel s status, operation and impact of operating under DP A A Demonstrate communication and reading skills (English/working language) A Standard DNVGL-ST Edition March 2017 Page 15
16 3.3 Table 3-2: Type specific - manufacturer Table 3-2 Competence requirements type specific Relevance per position ID Activity Required level of cognition Chief Engineer EOOW ETO/Chief Elec ER personnel 7 TYPE SPECIFIC 7.1 General Describe function and purpose of the DP control system main components U Describe the HW wiring and communication type going to/from the DP control system main components U 7.2 DP IT infrastructure Explain the DP control system architecture/server structure and network U Verify actuality of updates/upgrades of the DP control system I Perform a DP software update in accordance with vendor's and shipboard instructions A Make a backup of an operating station/dp Computer A Restore a backup on an operating station/dp Computer A Establish remote access for the DP control system manufacturer to the DP system A Establish remote access for the simulator manufacturer to the DP control system I 7.3 Maintenance and repairs Perform preventive and corrective maintenance on DP console, DP computer, associated DP instruments, electrical generation and distribution systems, protective relays, control systems and class certified and other critical equipment in accordance with manufacturer's and company instructions A Determine status and condition of systems and components according to manufacturer s instructions for testing A Identify faulty DP equipment/components A Recognise the consequences of performing repairs during the warranty period Perform repairs and replacements of faulty DP equipment (ref. manufacturer s approved procedures) A Perform repairs on electrical generation and distribution systems, protective relays, control systems and class certified and critical equipment A Perform repairs with distant support from vendor A Standard DNVGL-ST Edition March 2017 Page 16
17 SECTION 4 REFERENCES 4.1 References 1 IMCA M 103 Guidelines for the design and operation of dynamically positioned vessels 2 IMCA M 117 The training and experience of key DP personnel 3 MSF 182 International guidelines for the safe operation of dynamically positioned offshore supply vessels 4 DNVGL-ST-0023 Competence of dynamic positioning operators 5 ISM Code (6.2/6.5) 6 SOLAS (Chapter V/16) 7 IMO MSC/Circ. 645 Guidelines for Vessels with Dynamic Positioning Systems Standard DNVGL-ST Edition March 2017 Page 17
18 CHANGES - HISTORIC There are currently no historical changes for this document. Changes - historic Standard DNVGL-ST Edition March 2017 Page 18
19 DNV GL Driven by our purpose of safeguarding life, property and the environment, DNV GL enables organizations to advance the safety and sustainability of their business. We provide classification and technical assurance along with software and independent expert advisory services to the maritime, oil and gas, and energy industries. We also provide certification services to customers across a wide range of industries. Operating in more than 100 countries, our professionals are dedicated to helping our customers make the world safer, smarter and greener. SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER
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