Global Competitiveness Report Benchmarking against the World with selected rankings for Sweden

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1 Global Competitiveness Report Benchmarking against the World with selected rankings for Sweden Analysis based on the Edition Thomas Andersson and Tom Pernodd

2 Global Competitiveness Report World Economic Forum har i mer än 30 år haft en betydelsefull roll i att presentera undersökningar och rapporter om produktivitet och konkurrenskraft i länder världen över. Rapporten bidrar till att förstå de viktigaste faktorerna som ligger bakom ekonomisk tillväxt och att förklara varför vissa länder är mer framgångsrika än andra vad gäller konkurrenskraft och politiskt och ekonomiskt reformarbete. I år har 140 länder deltagit i undersökningen som omfattar både officiell statistik och analys av en enkät till beslutsfattare i näringslivet i respektive land. World Economic Forum analyserar 12 pelare för tillväxt avseende infrastruktur, institutioner, makroekonomiska faktorer, grundutbildning & hälsa, högre utbildning, arbetsmarknad, handel, teknologi, finansiella marknader, marknadsstorlek, innovation och affärsnätverk. I Sverige har IUET (International University of Entrepreneurship and Technology Association) och Deloitte ansvarat för genomförandet av enkäten.

3 Long term Competitiveness Ranking 1984-( ) Source: World Economic Forum , The Global Competitiveness Report Sweden USA Germany Finland Japan

4 Top 10 ranking Overview GCI 2015/16 ranking and movements Germany moves up to 4 th place and the Netherlands leap to 5 th place Sweden ranks 9 th, slightly up from last year. All Nordic countries rank high while Finland moves down from 4 th to 8 th place GCI 2014/15 Change rank score Rank + / - rank score rank score rank score Switzerland Singapore USA Germany Netherlands Japan Hong Kong SAR Finland Sweden UK Other selected countries GCI 2015/16 Overall Index Subindexes GCI 2015/16 Norway Denmark China Basic requirements Efficiency enhancers Innovation and sophistication factors 4

5 Sweden rank by pillar GCI 2015/16 ranking and movements Innovation, Business sophistication & Technological readiness are the core strongholds of Sweden s competitiveness Sweden Pillar Rank by Pillar of Competitiveness 2013/ / /16 Rank Institutions Infrastructure Macroeconomic environment #13 Health and primary education Higher Education and training Goods market efficiency Labour market efficiency Financial market development #12 Technological readiness Market size Overall GCI Rank Sweden Business Sophistication Innovation #7 #9 5

6 Infrastructure and Macroeconomics (selected country rankings 2015(14)) Index Rank Sweden Finland Germany US Japan Singapore China Overall quality 19(18) Quality of air transport infrastructure Quality of electricity supply 22(21) (22) Budget balance 52(36) Government debt 67(68) Credit rating 3(5) Source: The Global Competitiveness Report,

7 Health and Education (selected country rankings 2015(14)) Index Rank Sweden Finland Germany US Japan Singapore China Life expectancy 12(10) Quality of primary education Secondary education enrollment rate Tertiary education enrollment rate Quality of the educational system Quality of Math and Science education Extent of staff training 34(38) (40) (27) (26) (49) (10) Source: The Global Competitiveness Report,

8 Labour Market (selected country rankings 2015(14)) Index Rank Sweden Finland Germany US Japan Singapore China Cooperation in labouremployer relations Flexibility of wage determination Hiring and firing practices Redundancy costs, weeks of salary 7(17) (134) (100) (66) Pay and productivity 44(88) Effect of taxation on incentives to work 94(30) Country capacity to attract talent 25(26) Source: The Global Competitiveness Report,

9 Goods Market Efficiency and Market Size (selected country rankings 2015(14)) Index Rank Sweden Finland Germany US Japan Singapore China Intensity of Local competition Extent of market dominance Effectiveness of antimonopoly policy Effect of taxation on incentives to invest 33(41) (22) (10) (28) Total tax rate, % profits 112(119) Foreign market size index 40(36) Source: The Global Competitiveness Report,

10 The most problematic factors for doing business - 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% Restrictive labour regulations 23,2% Tax rates 21,8% Tax regulations 9,7% Insufficient capacity to innovate Inadequate supply of infrastructure Inadequately educated workforce 6,8% Access to financing 6,5% Policy instability 6,4% Inefficient government bureaucracy 5,1% Government instability/coups 3,0% Poor work ethic in national labour force 2,2% Inflation 1,0% Foreign currency regulation 0,2% Corruption 0,0% Sweden

11 The most problematic factors for doing business - 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% Restrictive labour regulations Tax rates 14,4% 15,1% 23,2% 21,8% Tax regulations 9,7% 16,8% Insufficient capacity to innovate 5,9% Inadequate supply of infrastructure 2,8% Inadequately educated workforce 6,8% 7,6% Access to financing 6,5% 8,9% Policy instability 1,6% 6,4% Inefficient government bureaucracy 5,1% 16,0% Government instability/coups 0,1% 3,0% Poor work ethic in national labour force 2,2% 4,7% Inflation Foreign currency regulation Corruption 1,0% 0,8% 0,2% 1,6% 0,0% 1,5% Sweden Germany

12 The most problematic factors for doing business - 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% Restrictive labour regulations 9,7% 23,2% Tax rates 14,0% 21,8% Tax regulations 9,7% 12,5% Insufficient capacity to innovate Inadequate supply of infrastructure Inadequately educated workforce Access to financing Policy instability 5,5% 5,3% 6,8% 8,6% 6,5% 6,7% 6,4% 5,2% Inefficient government bureaucracy 5,1% 13,7% Government instability/coups 3,0% 1,2% Poor work ethic in national labour force 2,2% 7,0% Inflation Foreign currency regulation 1,0% 0,2% 3,5% 3,3% Corruption 0,0% 1,0% Sweden USA

13 The most problematic factors for doing business - 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% Restrictive labour regulations 19,2% 23,2% Tax rates 21,8% 25,1% Tax regulations 9,7% 11,9% Insufficient capacity to innovate 16,4% Inadequate supply of infrastructure Inadequately educated workforce Access to financing 1,4% 2,8% 2,0% 6,8% 6,5% Policy instability 6,4% 6,0% Inefficient government bureaucracy 5,1% 12,1% Government instability/coups Poor work ethic in national labour force Inflation Foreign currency regulation Corruption 3,0% 1,4% 2,2% 0,4% 1,0% 0,3% 0,2% 0,5% 0,0% 0,0% Sweden Japan

14 The most problematic factors for doing business - 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% Restrictive labour regulations 3,7% 23,2% Tax rates 8,5% 21,8% Tax regulations 6,7% 9,7% Insufficient capacity to innovate 12,5% Inadequate supply of infrastructure 9,0% Inadequately educated workforce 4,0% 6,8% Access to financing 6,5% 11,6% Policy instability 6,4% 8,1% Inefficient government bureaucracy 5,1% 9,2% Government instability/coups 3,0% 3,1% Poor work ethic in national labour force Inflation 2,2% 1,0% 4,3% 5,8% Foreign currency regulation 0,2% 3,6% Corruption 0,0% 8,3% Sweden China

15 Total GCI - Score Overall Score Country Comparison Five year GCI score comparison ,61 5,54 5,47 5,48 5,43 5,55 5,54 5,53 5,50 5,51 5,47 5,48 5,49 5,45 5,41 5,61 5,53 5,48 5,45 5,43 5,43 5,41 5,41 5,39 5,37 5,41 5,35 5,33 5,27 5,4 5,29 5,33 5,29 5 5,18 5,18 5 USA Finland Germany UK Sweden Norway Denmark 2011/ / / / /16 USA (#3) Positive trend since 2011/12 Rank #1 in efficiency enhancers Macroeconomic environment improving but still a weak spot Finland (#8) Slightly negative trend since 2012/13 and falls to #8 in 2015/16 Decrease across all sub-indexes but remains #1 in institutions and health & primary education Germany (#4) Positive turnaround exceeding previous 2013/14 levels Slight increase in ranking of basic requirements from #11 to #8 UK (#10) Move down from #9 to #10 in 2015/16 but score same as Sweden Efficiency enhancers decrease while basic requirements increased slightly Sweden (#9) Move up to #9 with slightly higher score in innovation and sophistication Innovation and sophistication remains stronghold Norway (#11) GCI score continues to improve but Norway remains at #11 Ranks #1 in macroeconomic environment Denmark (#12) Positive trend from 2014/15 has continued resulting in an increase to #12 in the rankings Small improvements across all key areas during 2015/16

16 Sweden Country comparison Business Sophistication and Innovation Trend Innovation and Business sophistication - score USA Finland Germany UK Sweden Norway Denmark 2011/ / / / /16 Innovation & Business sophistication breakdown Sweden - score Business sophistication Innovation 2011/ / / / /16 16

17 Sweden - commentary Innovation indicators Business Sophistication Sweden Business sophistication breakdown Sweden - rank 0 Local supplier quantity Local supplier quality State of cluster development Nature of competitive advantage Value chain breadth Control of international distribution Production process sophistication Extent of marketing Willingness to delegate authority / / /16 Business sophistication Business sophistication remains a stronghold for Sweden across most indicators with an overall stable or positive development in 2015/16. Local supplier quantity score has continued to decrease in 2015/16 leading to a fall in rank from #43 to #59 over the past two years. 17

18 Sweden - commentary Innovation indicators Innovation Sweden Innovation breakdown Sweden - rank 0 Capacity for innovation Quality of scientific research institutions Company spending on R&D University-industry collaboration in R&D Government procurement of advanced technology products Availability of scientists and engineers PCT patent applications / / /16 Innovation Overall, Sweden ranks #7 in innovation and continues to achieve strong scores in several indicators of innovation in 2015/16. Rankings for the quality of scientific research institutions, availability of scientists and engineers and capacity for innovation have all improved slightly in 2015/16. 18

COMMITTED TO IMPROVING THE STATE OF THE WORLD

COMMITTED TO IMPROVING THE STATE OF THE WORLD Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development of Georgia 2016 GCI - Ranking In 2016-2017, Georgia takes 59 th position, its ranking score amounts to 4,32