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1 Daftar Pustaka Allard, P. (2002), Life sentences: Denying welfare benefits to women convicted of drug offenses. Washington, DC: The Sentencing Project. Amason, A. C., dan Schweiger, D. M. (1994), Resolving the paradox of conflict, strategic decision making and organizational performance, International Journal of Conflict Management, pp Amason, A.C. (1996), Distinguishing the effects of functional and dysfunctional conflict on strategic decision making: Resolving a paradox for top management teams, Academy of Management Journal 39, pp Barki, H., Hartwick, J. (2004), "Conceptualizing The Construct Of Interpersonal Conflict", International Journal of Conflict Management, Vol. 15, pp Boulding, K. (1963), Conflict and defense. New York: Harper & Row. Byrne, D., (1971), The attraction paradigm, New York: Academic Press. Chuang, Y.T., Church, R., Zikic, J. (2004), Organizational culture, group diversity and intra-group conflict, Team Performance Management, Vol.10, pp

2 Cox, T.H., Lobel, S.A., McLeod, P.L. (1991), Effects of ethnic group cultural differences on cooperative and competitive behavior on a group task, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 34, pp Ely, R.J., dan Thomas, D.A., (2001), Cultural diversity at work: The effects of diversity perspectives on work group processes and outcomes, Administrative Science Quarterly, pp Fujimoto, Y., Hartel C.E.J., Hartel, G.F., (2004), A field testof the diversityopenness moderator model in newly formed groups: Openness to diversity affects group decision effectiveness and interaction patterns, Cross Cultural Management, Vol. 11. Greenhaus, J. H., Parasuraman, S., dan Wormley, W. M. (1990), Effects of race on organizational experiences, job performance evaluations, and career outcomes, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 33, pp Gibson, J.L., Donelly Jr, J.H., Ivancevich, J.M., Konopaske, R., Organizations: Behavior, Structure, Processes. 14th ed. United States: McGraw-Hill. Hambrick, D.C., dan P. A., Mason (1984), "Upper Echelons: the Organization as a Reflection of its Top Managers," Academy of Management Review, Vol. 9, pp

3 Harrison, D.A., Price, K.H., Gavin, J.H., Florey, T.A., (2000) Times, teams, and task performance: Changing effects of surface- and deep-level diversity ong group functioning, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 45, pp Hobman, E.V., Bordia, P., Gallois, C., (2003), Consequences of Feeling Dissimilar from Others in a Work Team, Journal of Business and Psychology, Vol. 17, pp Hoffman, L. R. and N. R. F. Maier (1961), "Quality and Acceptance of Problem Solutions by Members of Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Groups," Joumal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, pp Ibarra, H. (1992). Homophily and differential returns: Sex differences in network structure and access in advertising firm, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol.37, pp Jackson, S.E., May, K.E., Whitney, K., (1995), Understanding the dynamics of diversity in decision-making teams, in Guzzo, R.A., Salas, E., et al. (Eds), Team Effectiveness and Decision-Making Models in Organizations, pp Jehn, K., (1995), Amultimethod examination of the benefits an detriments of intragroup conflict, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 40, pp Jehn, K., (1997), A qualitative analysis of conflict tyoes and dimensions in organizational groups, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 42, pp

4 Jehn, K.A., dan Mannix, E.A., (2001), The Dynamic Nature of Conflict: A Longitudinal Study of Intragroup Conflict and Group Performance The Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 44, pp Jehn, Karen A., Chadwick, C., Thatcher, S., (1997), To Agree or not to agree: The effects of value congruence, individual demographic dissimilarity, and conflict on workgroup outcomes, International Journal of Conflict Management, Vol. 8, pp Kossek, E. E., Zonia, S. C., dan Young, W. (1996), The limitations of organizational demography: Can diversity climate be enhanced in the absence of teamwork?, American Psychological Association, pp Kossek, E. & Lobel, S. (1996). Managing diversity: Human resource strategies for transforming the workplace Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell. Mannix, E., & Neale, M. A., (2005), What differences make a difference? The promise and reality of diverse teams in organizations, Psychological Science in the Public Interest, pp Milliken, F.J., dan Martins, L.L., (1996), Searching for Common Threads: Understanding the Multiple Effects of Diversity in Organizational Groups, The Academy of Management Review, Vol. 21, pp

5 Pelled, L., (1996), Demographic Diversity, Conflict, and Work Group Outcomes: An Intervening Process Theory, Organization Science, Vol. 7, No. 6, pp Pelled, L., (1997), Relational demography and perceptions of group conflict and performance: A field investigation, International Journal of Conflict Management, pp Pelled, L.H., Eisenhardt, K.M. Xin, K.R. (1999), Exploring the black box: an analysis of work group diversity, conflict, and performance, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 44, pp Pfeffer, J. (1983), Organizational demography, Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 5, pp Pulakos, E. D., Oppler, S. H., White, L. A., dan Borman, W. C. (1989), Examination of race and sex effects on performance ratings, Journal of Applied Psychology, pp Riordan, C.M. dan Shore, L.M. (1997), Demographic diversity and employee attitudes: an empirical examination of relational demography within work units, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 82, pp Sekaran, Uma dan Bougie, R. (2010). Research Methods for Business: A Skill Building Approach, United Kingdom: John Wiley & Sons. 76

6 Simons, T. L., & Peterson, R. S. (2000), Task conflict and relationship conflict in top management teams: The pivotal role of intragroup trust, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 85, pp Smircich, Linda (1983), Concepts of Culture and Organizational Analysis, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 28, pp Tajfel, H. (1978), The achievement of group differentiation. Differentiation between social groups, Studies in the social psychology of intergroup relations, pp Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. (1979). An integrative theory of intergroup conflict, The social psychology of intergroup relations, pp Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. (1986). The social identity theory of intergroup behavior, The social psychology of intergroup relations, pp Thomas, D. A., and Ely R. D., (1996) "Making differences matter: A new paradigm for managing diversity." Harvard Business Review, pp Tsui, A. S., dan O'Reilly, C. A. (1989), Beyond simple demographic effects: The importance of relational demography in superior-subordinate dyads, Academy of Management journal, pp

7 Tsui, A.S., Egan, T.D., O Reilly, C.A. III (1992), Being different: relational demography and organizational attachment, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 37, pp Webber, S. S., dan Donahue, L. M. (2001), Impact of highly and less job-related diversity on work group cohesion and performance: A meta-analysis, Journal of Management, pp Williams, K., dan C. A. O'Reilly, (1998), Demography and Diversity in Organizations," Research in Organizational Behavior, pp Williams, H.M., Parker, S.K., Turner, N. (2007), Perceived Dissimilarity and Perspective Taking Within Work Teams, Group & Organization Management, pp Zenger, T. R.. dan Lawrence, B. S. (1989), Organizational demography: The differential effects of age and tenure distributions on technical communication, Academy of Management Journal, pp

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