RESEARCH REPORT ON GENDER EQUALITY IN MIDLE-SIZE AND BIG COMPANIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA

Transcription

1 Project: Enakopravna moč ženskam / Equal power to the women RESEARCH REPORT ON GENDER EQUALITY IN MIDLE-SIZE AND BIG COMPANIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA The project leader: Zavod Izida Vita/Institute Izida Vita June Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,

2 TABLE OF CONTENT 1. RESEARCH BODY THE SCOPE, AIM OF THE RESEARCH EXECUTION OF THE GATHERING OF INFORMATION First part of the survey Second part of the survey Third part of the survey Methods TIME FRAME AND TASK MANAGEMENT Amount of working hours DATA ANALYSIS AND REPORT RESULTS OF THE RESEARCH REPORT Are you familiar with the term gender equality? Do you personally think, that gender equality is important? In your personal opinion, is gender equality important for the companies? In your personal opinion, do you think, that gender balanced management has positive influence on What is in your opinion gender balanced management Who is on the top management position in your company (choose all applicable answers How is the management gender balanced in your company? Have you ever tried different methods, activities for achieving gender balanced management/environment in your company? What activities on creating gender balanced management and environment in a company do you know If you already have, what were the results of this effort As different researches show, there are different obstacles for women, that they do not to get promoted to the highest managerial positions. Which are in your personal opinion the three most important? If you are a woman, have you ever One of the project goals is, to inform companies on strengths of gender balanced management. Would you take into consideration the participation on the project by investing your time?... Error! Bookmark not defined. 14. Demographics Appendix 1 list of participants, who considered co-operation or inclusion in the following phases of the project (such as guidelines, conference etc.)... Error! Bookmark not defined. Appendix 2 open ended answers question 9 what kind of activites have you alredy implemented in your company... Error! Bookmark not defined. Appendix 3 List of the participants, who wants to be included on the newsletter list to be informed on the topic... Error! Bookmark not defined. 2 Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,

3 1. RESEARCH BODY Researched were middle-sized and large companies in Republic of Macedonia, with established employee structure and defined management positions. Target group: HRM, leadership/board, B-1, B-2 levels N=1200 companies : 304 participants 2. THE SCOPE, AIM OF THE RESEARCH The scope of the survey was to gather the information on the level of gender representation on the managerial positions in Republic of Macedonia, which bases on the gender equality. The problem, which exists in Europe and broader, is the unequal representation of women on top managerial positions, which was confirmed by the present research. Therefore, these issues were addressed with the help of a survey/research with following scope: - To establish the awareness rate of the topic gender equality in large and medium large companies in Macedonia - To establish, how the boards and HRM departments are familiar with the impact of gender balanced management onto financial efficiency and performance effectiveness of companies - To establish, what is the % of female/male on leadership/management positions in Republic of Macedonia in large and medium large companies - To establish, which of the participating companies are supportive of the project Equal Power to the Women by signing the Guidelines - To establish, which of the participating companies shall consider to invest their time into active participation at the project Equal Power - To create the list of companies, who will take part within the project whether actively or passively // or just to inform. The survey/research findings serve as the basis for preparation of the publication» Guidelines for balanced inclusion of different gender to the top managers' position in business in Macedonia«. 3 Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,

4 3. EXECUTION OF THE GATHERING OF INFORMATION 3.1 First part of the survey Online Desk Research - To create a list of 1200 middle-sized and large companies in Macedonia with top managerial positions Data/list includes: - name and address of the company - name of the responsible person (CEO/general manager/president of the Board) - contact person and its contact details - address to create a list for dissemination of the project information and conduction of the research Government published data - At creating a list government published data were acquired - the above mentioned list was expended by gathered date through governmental sources 3.2 Second part of the survey Company desk research - Contacting of 1200 companies in the form of the questionnaire o 304 responses o acquired information on number and title of top managers position and its gender representation o acquired list of individuals (and companies) interested in receiving more information and on participation in other steps of the project (guidelines etc.). 3.3 Third part of the survey Preparation of the questionnaire - a questionnaire according to set goals and scope was prepared in Slovenian, English and Macedonian - it was set up on an open platform surveymonkey in Macedonian 4 Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,

5 3.3. Methods Quantitative methods: - method of gathering information online - method of direct questioning of the companies through - analysis of multiple choice questions Qualitative methods: - analysis of open-end questions 4. TIME FRAME AND TASK MANAGEMENT External Desk Research Timeframe: March, April, May 2017 Task manager: ICS Skopje Preparation of the questionnaire Timeframe: March 2017 Task manager: IZIDA VITA Maribor Data collection Timeframe: April 19 th June 19 th 2017 Task manager: ICS Skopje Data analysis and report Timeframe: 2 nd half of June, July 2017 Task manager: IZIDA VITA Maribor 4.1 Amount of working hours 290 hours execution (gathering, lists ) 10 hours questionnaire 200 hours analysis, report 5. DATA ANALYSIS AND REPORT Data analysis - analysis of all included companies (list) - analysis of acquired information on companies, acquired through governmental services 5 Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,

6 - analysis of all responding companies (list + contact) - analysis of the employed in the companies in the aspect of gender balance Report preparation: - preparation of the final report with all relevant information, gathered through the survey The report is the basis for preparation of the publication» Guidelines for balanced inclusion of different gender to the top managers' position in business in Macedonia«. 6 Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,

7 6. RESULTS OF THE RESEARCH REPORT First results on Gender Equality research in Macedonia If we take a look at the infographics below, we can see, that there are quite a few discrepancies in the field of employment of men and women in Macedonia. We wanted to know, where the reasons for that lie and if the large and middle-sized companies in Macedonia are aware of that facts; and if so, what measures and activities do they perform to un-do the injustice. So during the last two months (April June) the research on Gender Equality in Macedonia, to which we invited 1200 companies and over 300 participated, was conducted by Izida Vita, Slovenia, and Institute for Communications Studies, Macedonia. The questionnaire consisted out of 20 questions. Here are some of the findings: - Over 98 % of participants know the term Gender Equality - 75 % think that Gender Equality is very important, but 2,6 % think it is not important at all - this share changes unfavourably regarding the importance of Gender Equality within the company: it drops to 62 % (very important) and the share of answers not important at all rises to 3,3 % - As researches have shown repeatedly, Gender Equality has positive influence on a. Effective business performance b. Financially more efficient performance of the company c. Creative processes in the company d. Less risk taking in the decision making process e. More ethical conduct of the company Only 54 % (a), 46 % (b), 65 % (c), 42 % (d) and 65 % (e) of participants strongly agreed with that statements; unfortunately, on the other hand we can find strong disagreement among 2 3 % of the participants. - As different researches showed that 1/3 of top management has to be women (men) (=balanced management) to achieve the most efficient, effective, 7 Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,

8 ethical and successful companies as well as high level of employee engagement, we wanted to know, how the participants regarded that: o Almost 12 % thought, that 1 women (man) is enough to establish the gender balanced management o 3 % are convinced it has to be 1/5 o 5,6 % think it needs to be 1/4 o 14 % go for 1/3 (which is the correct answer) o and over 65 % believe it is ½ - We think it is a good news, that over 26 % have already tried one or more activities to raise gender balanced management within the companies and 14 % plan to do so. It leaves some room for improvement and follow-up communication, that almost 60 % haven t introduced any of the activities on gender balanced management and do not plan on doing so. Infographics on Gender Equality in Macedonia prepared by: Sara Toškan, Doba Faculty 8 Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,

9 Here are the results, listed by questions. 1. Are you familiar with the term gender equality? 9 Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,

10 Are you familiar with the term gender equality Answer Options Percent Count Yes 98,7% 300 No 1,3% 4 answered question 304 skipped question 0 Are you familiar with the term gender equality? 1% 99% Yes No 10 Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,

11 2. Do you personally think, that gender equality is important? (please select one of the numbers; where 1 means not at all important; 5 means very important) Rating Average Count , answered question 304 skipped question 0 2,63% 0,33% 5,59% 15,79% 75,66% 100,00% Do you personally think, that gender equality is important? % 10.00% 20.00% 30.00% 40.00% % 50.00% 60.00% 70.00% 80.00% 11 Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,

12 3. In your personal opinion, is gender equality important for the companies? (please select one of the numbers; where 1 means not at all important; 5 means very important) Rating Average Count , ,29% 1,64% 8,55% 24,01% 62,50% 100% answered question 304 skipped question % 3.29% 8.55% In your personal opinion, is gender equality important for companies? 24.01% 62.50% % 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 12 Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,

13 4. In your personal opinion, do you think, that gender balanced management has positive influence on (whereas 1 means: negative influence; 2 partially negative influence; 3 neither positive nor negative influence; 4 somehow positive influence; 5 very positive influence) please grade all of the following statements: f. Effective business performance (1 5) g. Financially more efficient performance of the company (1 5) h. Creative processes in the company (1 5) i. Less risk taking in the decision making process (1 5) j. More ethical conduct of the company (1 5) Answer Options Count Effective business performance Financially more efficient performance of the company Creative processes in the company Less risk taking in the decision making process More ethical conduct of the company answered question 304 skipped question 0 13 Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,

14 5. What is in your opinion gender balanced management (the current state in your company is not relevant). Is this management, where on the board (or general manager/ceo/managing director = that is on the highest level of management) and on two levels below the highest level are: (choose only ONE answer, which is in your opinion correct): a. At least one person of each gender (for example out of 12 persons at least one woman/one man) b. 1/5 of each gender (ie out of 12 persons at least 2 women/2 men) c. 1/4 of each gender (ie out of 12 persons at least 3 women/3 men) d. 1/3 of each gender (ie out of 15 persons at least 5 women/5 men) e. 1/2 of each gender (ie out of 16 persons exactly 8 women and exactly 8 men) Answer Options Percent Count At least one person of each gender 11,8% 36 1/5 of each gender 3,3% 10 1/4 of each gender 5,6% 17 1/3 of each gender 14,1% 43 1/2 of each gender 65,1% 198 answered question 304 skipped question 0 What is in your opinion gender balanced management (the current state in your company is not relevant)? 65% 12% 3% 6% 14% At least one person of each gender 1/5 of each gender 1/4 of each gender 1/3 of each gender 1/2 of each gender 6. Who is on the top management position in your company (choose all applicable answers)? a. Our CEO/general manager/managing director is a woman 14 Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,

15 b. Our CEO/general manager/managing director is a man c. Our owner is a woman d. Our owner is a man Answer Options Percent Count Our CEO/general manager/managing director is a woman 33,1% 93 Our CEO/general manager/managing director is a man 66,9% 188 Our owner is a woman 27,1% 49 Our owner is a man 72,9% 132 answered question 304 Who is on the top management position in your company (choose all applicable answers)? 67% 73% 33% 27% Our CEO/general manager/managing director is a woman Our CEO/general manager/managing director is a man Our owner is a woman Our owner is a man 15 Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,

16 7. How is the management gender balanced in your company? On the board (or general manager/ceo/managing director = that is on the highest level of management) and on two levels below the highest level are: (choose only ONE answer, which mirrors the state of gender balance in your company): a. At least one person of each gender (for example out of 3 persons at least one woman/one man) a. 1/5 of each gender (ie out of 10 persons at least 2 women/2 men) b. 1/4 of each gender (ie out of 12 persons at least 3 women/3 men) c. 1/3 of each gender (ie out of 15 persons at least 5 women/5 men) d. 1/2 of each gender (ie out of 16 persons exactly 8 women and exactly 8 men) e. on our top managerial positions are all women f. on our top managerial positions are all men How is the management gender balanced in your company? The highest level is 23% 46% 17% 5% 9% At least one person of each gender 1/5 of each gender 1/4 of each gender 1/3 of each gender 16 Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,

17 8. Have you ever tried different methods, activities for achieving gender balanced management/environment in your company? a. Yes b. No c. We are planning to Answer Options Percent Count We are planning to 13,8% 42 No 59,5% 181 Yes (which, not mandatory) 26,6% 81 answered question 304 skipped question 0 27% 14% We are planning to No 59% Yes (which, not mandatory) 17 Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,

18 9. What activities on creating gender balanced management and environment in a company do you know (mark ONLY those that you are familiar with)? If you are planning on some, what is this? d. Setting the share of (wo)men on managerial positions to at least 1/3 of each gender e. Preparing different educational programmes, suitable for empowering women in overcoming obstacles and acquiring needed knowledge and skills f. Creating mentorship schemes, where special emphasis is on gender balanced mentoring pairs within and outside the company g. Establishing the career sponsorship pairs for women, which open the career opportunities for women inside and outside the company h. Preparing special key performance indicator, suitable for women i. Hiring new employees with adapted procedures with gender balance incorporated in the process itself j. Creating a talent pool for a pipeline in case of appointing new managers to existing positions k. Taking care of stereotypes (women and men) through communication strategies and plans within the company l. Creating environment for open, inclusive and diverse culture m. Preparing career plans, adapted to special circle in women s and men s life (women back on career track after they are 40, when children grow up; as opposed to men, who are on the peak at 30, 35 years) n. Internal educational programs on diversity and inclusion for all employees o. Codex and other internal document for fostering gender balanced culture. 18 Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,

19 Knowledge Planning to apply Answer Options Percent Count Percent Count Setting the share of (wo)men Preparing different educational programmes Creating mentorship schemes Establishing the career sponsorship pairs for women Preparing special key performance indicator, suitable for women Hiring new employees with adapted procedures Creating a talent pool for a pipeline Taking care of stereotypes through communication strategies Creating environment for open, inclusive and diverse culture Preparing career plans, adapted to special circle in women s and men s life Internal educational programs on diversity and inclusion for all employees Codex and other internal document for fostering gender balanced culture. 37,6% ,9% 8 38,7% ,6% 14 20,9% 60 8,1% 5 11,5% 33 4,8% 3 19,2% 55 17,7% 11 23,0% 66 16,1% 10 17,1% 49 12,9% 8 24,0% 69 22,6% 14 61,0% ,8% 34 10,5% 30 12,9% 8 34,8% ,5% 22 40,4% ,6% 19 answered question skipped question Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,

20 10. If you already have, what were the results of this effort? Is the situation in your opinion in the company you work for, due to past activities on gender balance now: i. Better ii. Worse iii. The same iv. Explain (not mandatory) 41% 56% Better Worse The same 3% - We prepared a separate key performance indicator suitable for women - We set a minimum share of women / men on management functions of at least 1/3 of each gender - In my company 63% of the employees are women, the manager is a woman and 5 directors from 7 as persons with special powers are women in the last 10 years 20 Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,

21 11. As different researches show, there are different obstacles for women, that they do not to get promoted to the highest managerial positions. Which are in your personal opinion the three most important? (choose THREE most appropriate answers in your opinion): a. Women have low self-esteem b. Women are raised to be family caring, not to be career women a. Women are less risk averse b. Women work also on social responsible goals, on collaboration and are not focused only on achieving financial goals c. Women need to be 95% sure that are capable of taking a new position to actually agree on taking one d. Women don t have suitable support at home, therefor they choose family over career e. The culture in our country does not support women on managerial positions f. The legislative in our country does not support companies to take active role in employing more women on managerial positions. g. Stereotypes on women, which say that women are less capable of running the company. h. Women work hard, but don t get credit for it, because they don t pay attention to presenting the achievements. i. Women are not visible in the companies they stay long hours in the office and forget to network. j. The media publish substantial less stories on successful (business) women than man and so create public opinion on the capability of women. The most important obstacles are signed yellow. Answer Options Percent Count Women have low self-esteem 11,50% 35 Women are raised to be family caring, not to be career women 41,40% 126 Women are less risk averse 20,70% 63 Women work also on social responsible goals, on collaboration and are not focused only on achieving financial goals Women need to be 95% sure that are capable of taking a new position to actually agree on taking one 42,40% ,80% 130 Women don t have suitable support at home, therefor they choose family over career 28,30% 86 The culture in our country does not support women on managerial positions 34,50% 105 The legislative in our country does not support companies to take active role in employing more women on managerial positions. 12,50% 38 Stereotypes on women, which say that women are less capable of running the company. 32,60% 99 Women work hard, but don t get credit for it, because they don t pay attention to presenting the achievements. Women are not visible in the companies they stay long hours in the office and forget to network. 15,10% 46 5,60% 17 The media publish substantial less stories on successful (business) women than 12,50% 38 answered question 304 skipped question If you are a woman, have you ever (check all applicable answers): 21 Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,

22 a) Applied for a higher position and were outrun by a man although you have had the same experience and skill set or even better? b) Consciously say NO to a higher position, because you didn t have support at home (for children, household etc.) c) Work long hours to get the project done and then someone else (a man) took credit for it? d) Met the stereotypes on how (bitchy, demanding, ) you are as a manager or team leader? e) Heard that you are not suitable for a higher positions because you have a child/children? f) Had harassment experiences from superior? g) Other, what (100 characters, not mandatory) a) I have never had any negative experiences on account of being a woman. b) I don t want to answer this question. c) I am a man. Answer Options Percent Count Applied for a higher position and were outrun by a man although you have had the same experience and skill set or even better? 12,8% 39 Consciously say NO to a higher position, because you didn t have support at home (for children, household etc.) 5,6% 17 Work long hours to get the project done and then someone else (a man) took credit for it? 18,8% 57 Met the stereotypes on how (bitchy, demanding, ) you are as a manager or team leader? 13,8% 42 Heard that you are not suitable for a higher positions because you have a child/children? 9,9% 30 Had harassment experiences from superior? 8,6% 26 I have never had any negative experiences on account of being a woman. 39,1% 119 I don't want to answer this question 4,9% 15 I am a man 20,4% 62 Other, what (100 characters, not mandatory) 0,0% 0 answered question 304 skipped question 0 22 Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,

23 13. Demographics 1. I work for a. Large company b. Medium-sized company I am eployed at 59% 41% Large company Middle-sized company 2. I work with a. HRM b. Board/top management c. B-1 level (one level below board/general manager/ceo/managing director) d. B-2 level (two levels below board/general manager/ceo/managing director) e. Other 23 Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,

24 34% 12% 23% 22% 9% HRM Board/top management B-1 B-2 3. I am A woman A man 21% Woman Man 79% 4. I am a. Under 20 b c d e f Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,

25 Age 0% 18% 17% 4% 20% 41% under My highest education is a. Primary school or less b. Secondary school or equivalent c. Graduated on a high school or equivalent d. M.A./M.Sc. e. PhD Education Primary school or less 0% 19% 1% 16% Secondary school or equivalent Graduated on a high school or equivalent 65% M.A./M.Sc. PhD 25 Davčna številka Zavod Izida Vita,