Preface... i. Notice... i. International HR Certification Exams... ii. About the Authors... iii. Acknowledgement... iii

Transcription

1 UNIT1: STRATETGIC HR MANAGEMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface... i Notice... i International HR Certification Exams... ii SPHRi TM Exam... ii PHRi TM Exam... ii About the Authors... iii Acknowledgement... iii 1.1 Strategic Human Resource Management Corporate Governance Business Strategy HR Functions... 2 Staffing/Employment... 3 Performance Evaluation... 3 Compensation and Benefits... 3 Training and Development... 4 Employee Relations... 4 Health, Safety, and Security... 4 HR Research HR Policies and Procedures... 5 HR policies... 5 Employee Handbooks and Policy Manuals HR Generalists and HR Specialists... 7 Human Resource Manager or Executive... 8 Human Resources Specialists... 8 Human Resources Support Jobs... 9 HR Education HR Roles Role1: Management of the Firm Infrastructure Role2: Management of employee Contributions... 11

2 Role 3: Management of Strategy HR Role4: Management of Transformational Change HR Competencies The HRCS Model The SHRM Competency Model Financial Knowledge Financial Statements Budgets Organizational Strategy Defining the Organization s Mission The value of Mission Statements Writing Mission Statement Selecting a Strategy The Role of Strategy Imperfect Competition Three Grand Strategies Four Strategic Types Competitive advantage and the value chain Strategy Formulation Strategy Alignment HR Practices and Organizational Capabilities Analyzing the Firm Aligning the Organization Firm Resources and Core Competencies Analyzing the Environment Industry Analysis Competitor Analysis Writing a Business Plan HR Control and Evaluation HR Budgeting Process HR Metrics: Evaluating HR Effectiveness Subjective Attitudinal Measures... 38

3 Statistical Benchmark Measures Human Resource Accounting Costing HR Activities Key Performance Indicators (KPI) Leading and Lagging Indicators Scorecards and Dashboards Primary HR Metrics Effects of HR Practices on Business Performance HR and the Balanced Scorecard Outsourcing the HR Function HR Technology Human Resources Information System (HRIS) Selecting an HRIS HRIS Implementation HRIS Maintenance and Evaluation HR Portals Employee Communications Virtual Teams Organizational Environments Environmental Sectors Environmental Scanning Economic Conditions Unemployment Inflation Competition Technological Advances Labor Force Trends Government and Regulatory Agencies Alignment HR Functions with Organizational Contexts Environmental Uncertainty Reducing Uncertainty Organizational Design and Development... 73

4 1.6.1 Functional Versus Product Departmentalization Functional Departmentalization Product Departmentalization Centralized Versus Decentralized Decision Making Formal versus Informal Rules and Control Mechanisms Division of Labor Span of Control Matrix Structures Evaluating the Effectiveness of an Organization s Structure Line versus Staff Functions Mechanistic Versus Organic Structures Organizational Culture Climate versus Culture Levels of Organizational Culture Development of Culture Expectations of Founders and leaders Member Contributions Historical Accommodations Maintaining Organizational Culture Employee Selection and Discipline Reward and Status Allocation Leader Reactions Rites and Ceremonies Stories and Symbols Reactions to problems Changing Organizational Culture Creativity and Innovation The Creative Process Stimulating creativity Developing a Culture of Inclusion Global HR Management Globalization of Business... 95

5 1.8.2 Stages of Global HR Management International import-export Firms Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) Global Firms Other Global HR Structures Born Global Off-shoring Global Outsourcing Approaches to Global HR Ethnocentric Approach Polycentric Approach Regiocentric Approach Geocentric Approach Impact of Globalization Managerial Styles Communication and Language International Cultural Differences Managing Global Employment Selection of Expatriates Adjustment of Expatriate s Spouse and Family Research Design and Methodology Scientific Method Developing and Testing Hypotheses Experimental Design Data-gathering Methods Quantitative Analysis Reliability and validity Inferential and Descriptive Statistics Correlation and Regression Qualitative Research Graphically Displaying HR Data Histogram

6 Colum Chart Bar Chart Pie Chart Line Graph Dual-axis Chart Scatter Plot Venn Diagram Gantt Chart Key Terms PHRi TM Exam Content Outline SPHRi TM Exam Content Outline Endnotes Index