Prasanta Kumar Sarkar Chief Inspector of Mines. vision zero

Transcription

1 Prasanta Kumar Sarkar Chief Inspector of Mines 1

2 Mining in India Mining sector contributes to % of GDP No of Mines- Coal-605, Oil & Gas-88, Metal-9600 Estimated employment- About I million 2

3 Regulatory framework MINES ACT, 1952 Coal Mines Regulations, 1957 Metalliferous Mines Regulations, 1961 Oil Mines Regulations, 1984 Mines Rules, 1955 Mines Vocational Training Rules, 1966 Mines Rescue Rules, 1985 Mines Creche Rules, 1966 Coal Mines Pit Head Bath Rules, 1959 Allied Legislations Electricity Act, 2003; Factories Act, 1948; Env. Protection Act,

4 Fatality Rate Decade-wise Trend of Fatality Rate per 1000 Persons Employed Decade * * Data for are provisional Coal Non-Coal

5 Fatality Rate per 1000 persons employed decreased over the period considerably Coal-1.33( ) to 0.2( ) Non coal-0.73( ) to 0.25( ) Number of fatalities: Coal Non coal Fatality rate Comparable with USA and SA

6 Analysis of Disasters and Major Accidents in Coal Mines from All Explo- Inunda- Fall of Side Fire/ Cause sion tion Roof Fall Gas s Number No. of fatality % Fatality Table-6

7 Disasters Disasters are main concern-repeating once in every two years Nine(9) Disasters during Trend of Disaster major accidents are changing Since % of disasters and major accidents are caused by land side and dump slide in opencast mines killing 32% of total fatality 7

8 System of OSH and growth of mining Present enforcement model- compliance based worked well for more than 50 years declining fatality & injury rate significantly lost its effectiveness in achieving faster improvements during the recent decades Growth of Mining industry In last 30 years grown exponentially through mechanization & system of outsourcing been influenced by globalization and changes in Government policies 8

9 Types of Mines Mines in India varies in size, management type, ownership and cultures. Same strategy will not work for all types. All mines can be broadly grouped in 3 categories based on their maturity in safety culture 1. First category, characterized by - committed top leadership, better safety records, law compliance and proactive culture. 9

10 Types of Mines (contd...) Categories of mines/ organization (contd.---) 2. Second category, characterized by - less committed top leaderships who wish to have better safety standard but do not put sincere effort to achieve it acceptance that incidents happen, blame culture and efforts made to prevent only similar incident. 10

11 Types of Mines (contd...) Categories of mines/ organization (contd.--) 3. Third category, characterized by small mines operated by small mines owners, not economically sound, having apathy towards safety, unsystematic, non-compliance to statutory provisions, tendency to hide incidents. 11

12 Are we following 7 Golden Rues? If yes, how and to what extent? Let us examine 12

13 Seven Golden Rules vis- a- vis Indian scenario Rule-1 Take leadership commitment by : -setting safety always the number one priority on every agenda, by serving as a model for OSH matters, -by reacting instantly to unsafe conditions and behavior. 13

14 Rule 1: leadership commitment regarding safety number one priority leadership commitment Statutory Provisions Owner of a mine is defined and his responsibilities are also clearly spelt out in Mines Act Spirit of statute demand leadership/owner commitment 14

15 Rule 1: leadership commitment regarding safety number one priority (contd...) leadership commitment Implementation Majority of first category/organised private mines have top leadership commitment in OSH Second category leadership not fully committed to OSH & do not put sincere efforts though they wish to have better safety. In third category no leadership commitment 15

16 Rule 1: Reacting instantly to unsafe conditions and behavior. Statutory provisions Adequate statutory provisions are in place Implementation Mines/organisations of 1st category comply in letter and spirit Whereas, there is laxity in second category of organisations. Third category do not implement 16

17 Rule 2 Identify hazards and risks by -a systematic risk assessment, including maintenance and repairs, evaluating work accidents, diseases and near misses. 17

18 Rule 2: Identify hazards and risks by a systematic risk assessment Risk assessment Statutory provisions/guidelines No statutory provisions for concept of risk assessment. concept has been introduced in the Indian mines through circulars issued by DGMS and recommendation of National Safety Conferences. Proposed in amendment of statute 18

19 Rule 2: Identify hazards and risks by a systematic risk assessment (contd--) Implementation status: Implemented by 1 st category of mines 2 nd category mostly doing to satisfy Regulator Concept not yet implemented by 3 rd categoy of mines 19

20 Rule 4 Ensure a safe system by - increasing the responsibility of all managers, implementing a safety management system. 20

21 Rule 4:Safety management system(sms) Safety Management System Statutory provision No statutory provision for SMS concept has been introduced in the Indian mines through circulars issued by DGMS and recommendation of National Safety Conferences. Proposed in amendment of statute 21

22 Rule 4:Safety management system (contd...) Safety Management System Implementation status: Implemented by 1 st category of mines 2 nd category mostly doing to satisfy Regulator Concept not yet implemented by 3 rd of mines category 22

23 Rule 3:Set targets for safety by defining your own OSH targets, evaluating progress and adapt them if necessary, designing prevention campaigns. OSH Target and evaluation Statutory provisions No provision Implementation This concept /rule has been made a part of strategy/ plan by a number of mines of 1 st category, particularly in metal sector. However, it is not in matured stage in many organized mines in 2 nd category. In third category of mines, the system does not exist. 23

24 Rule 5: Use of safe & healthy technology - by taking account of OSH when ordering new machinery or plant, - using all machines in a safe way and checking safety installations regularly, providing safe access and egress. 24

25 Rule 5: Use of safe & healthy technology by taking account of OSH when ordering new machinery or plant... Safe & healthy technology in new M/C Statutory provisions No statutory provision Implementation status -Implemented in some of the category 1 mines -Not yet satisfactorily implemented in most of organized sector mines. 25

26 Rule 5:...using all machines in a safe way and checking safety installations regularly. Checking safety installations regularly Statutory provisions and implementation - is a part of statutory provisions and being followed in organized mines of category 1. -Category 2 mines implementing to some extent -Category -3 mostly not complying. 26

27 Rule 5:...providing safe access and egress. Providing safe access and egress Statutory provisions and implementation - Provision of safe access and egress in case of underground working is a statutory requirement and implemented. 27

28 Rule 6: Improve qualification by defining the required qualification for each workplace, and by setting up a plan for training and instruction. Required Qualification & Training Statutory provision Vocatinoal Training Rules are in place Do not adequatly address the requirements of this rule. 28

29 Rule 6: Improve qualification by defining the required qualification for each workplace, and by setting up a plan for training and instruction. Required Qualification & Training Implementation -Mines of category -1 are implementing the rule -Category 2 mines implementing partialy and half heartedly -Category 3 mines not implementing 29

30 Rule 7 Invest in people -by involving your employees, using your employee's ideas about how to safety, -acknowledging good safety performance, developing confidence and a culture of prevention. 30

31 Rule 7: Invest in people by involving your employees, using your employee's ideas about safety,.. Employees involvement Statutory provision - Concept of workers participation in safety management have been included in statute as Safety committee and workmen Inspector - tri-partite mechanism is in place. Implementation -Implemented in organized mines of category I and II but not in Category III 31

32 Rule 7:...acknowledging good safety performance, developing confidence and a culture of prevention. Acknowledging good safety performance -No statutory provision -As promotional initiatives -National Safety Award, Safety week celebration and Rescue Competition are in place. Implementation - Implemented in all categories -In Rescue competition only organised sectors (cat- I &II) are involved 32

33 Conclusions The present prescriptive statutory framework does not include these golden rules in totality. Many concepts are ingrained in present statutory framework. A beginning for transition from prescriptive regulatory regime to self regulatory culture/ regime has been made based since 2002 as SMP which follows concepts of seven Golden Rules. 33

34 Conclusions (contd...) Present statutes based on compliance of violation pointed has lost its effectiveness to a greater extent due to huge growth of mining sector and policy of govt., etc. Gradual transitions to self regulatory mode would be effective and desirable Some organized sector have adopted self regulatory concept on their own. 34

35 Operators, regulating agency and workers representatives have to play their roles to achieve target of Zero Harm by creating an environment for - Systematic, scientific approach adopting Safety management system Team work Consultation Use of technology Above all top leadership commitment and respect to human dignity are key to success in OSH matter. 35

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