Training/development: Demand/supply of Technical Engineers within the Public Sector. Allyson Lawless

Transcription

1 Training/development: Demand/supply of Technical Engineers within the Public Sector Allyson Lawless

2 Who are we talking about... Local government Provincial Dept of Transport Dept of Housing and Local government Dept of Public Works/Infrastructure development National Dept of Transport Dept of Public Works Dept of Water Affairs Dept of Cooperative Governance Dept of Energy Dept of Agriculture Dept of Minerals Parastatals SANRAL Eskom Transnet Telkom Denel Water Boards...Etc

3 Who do we need...?

4 Typical collapsing structures...

5 ... And leadership missing

6 But the need to deliver increases 1E+09 Experienced Engineers Declining vs Increased Spend Accountability Rands Budget Spend Average Number of Profesionals per Entity JRA Road CAPEX capex Road opex JRA OPEX Water capex Jwater CAPEX Mature engineers / / / / / / / / /10 0

7 Understand Infrastructure Economics After the tsumani, only 6.8% of National Infrastructure Was affected - 2.5% of GDP for 3 years Copyright RBA Will take well over 10 years to fully recover

8 Key Issues for Larger Municipalities Every 10 years a 2% growth rate means 22% more assets 3% growth rate means 34% more assets 4% growth rate means 48% more assets Copyright RBA. 2009

9 Engineering influence reduced Engineer replaced with Technical Services Director Technical Director at same level as heads of support departments Large number of inexperienced engineering technicians Loss of authority Many Technical Services Directors nontechnical

10 The public sector of the past client & service provider

11 The outsourcing phenomenon

12 The result The inexperienced or uninformed client Dismantling of public sector training capacity which was the main training ground of engineering professionals

13 What structures needed...

14 What structures needed...

15 Professionalise not politicise! VALUE ENGINEERING JUDGEMENT!!!! Return support to line departments - HR, supply chain, stores Develop meaningful organograms and job descriptions Identification of engineering work (IDoEW) Develop competency framework and ensure appropriate selection and appointments Develop training posts, policies and allow rotation and secondment Succession planning and retention strategies Recognise ECSA registration and support CPD activities and retention of registration

16 Technical careers to be redeveloped Town and regional planning Civil, mechanical, chemical and electrical engineers Building inspectors and architects in large structures Property Valuers Laboratory technicians Artisans Operators

17 How can CESA help? Get involved in training

18 Outcomes to be achieved Define, investigate, analyse Design or develop Comprehend and apply advanced knowledge Manage part or all of an engineering activity Recognise and address social, cultural, environmental effects Meet legal and regulatory requirements Ethics Sound/ professional judgement Decision making Communicate clearly Professional development

19 Mentors and supervisors PERIOD 1 PERIOD 2 PERIOD 3 SUPERVISOR The weakness 1 SUPERVISOR few 2 supervisors SUPERVISOR 3 SUPERVISOR have time 4 to SUPERVISOR act 5 as coaches SUPERVISOR 6 and transfer skills or in public sector have the experience P1 P4 P7 P10 P13 P16 P19 P22 P25 P28 P31 P34 P2 P5 P8 P11 P14 P17 P20 P23 P26 P29 P33 2 P35 P3 P6 P9 P12 P15 P18 P21 P24 P27 P30 P33 P36 C1 C2 C3 C4 C1 C2 C3 C4 C1 C2 C3 C4

20 Findings from 2006 support project Employed Not employed

21 Personality Traits E S Extrovert people oriented Sensing current, realist, practical I N Introvert solo, intellectual Intuitive - future, imaginative, theoretical T Thinking - understanding, logical F Feeling - consider human dimension J Judging - systematic, management P Perceiving - likes change, innovation

22 Guided learning provide mentors and supervisors

23 Groups comparing project notes

24 he project cycle provide design experience

25 Hydraulics Branch Water Supply Branch Works and Housing Branch Construction Division Roads Branch Traffic and Transportation Branch PROBLEM SOLVING Problem formulation Problem formulation Problem formulation Problem formulation Problem formulation Engineer-in-training (EIT) should prepare statement that clearly defines parameters laid down for achieving design and/or construction or for meeting required end result. All constraints should be included. Important to state parameters and constraints initially. In addition, new parameters and constraints should be added during course of investigation. Design: Determine long-term city growth and changes in area zoning (business, residential). Request information on reticulation networks from Operations. Operations: Investigate water reticulation problems and determine solutions within constraints of water reticulation system. Obtain plans from designers. Do site inspection of work. (EITs in Construction Division work on capital projects ranging in costs from R to R2million.) Investigate and determine structural systems and choose materials. Analyse road failures and determine remedial works. Traffic engineering: Investigate and determine problem areas with respect to road capacity, route location, hazardous location and traffic control systems. Investigation of complaints: For all modes of travel, public and private. Finding and using information Following completion of statement, data must be gathered using all sources, such as correspondence files, record drawings, technical library, verbal discussions and external sources (such as plant suppliers). Finding and using information Design: Water consumption trends (using computer data) Analyse flow characteristics. Request Operations to conduct field tests to confirm that calculations comply with SABS standards. Operations: Contact appropriate people for advice on for example parts to be made and spares. Finding and using information Finding and using information Sources: Technical literature, senior staff. Sources: Codes of practice and handbooks. Conduct tests in accordance with SABS methods. Finding and using information Sources: Do literature searches, traffic surveys, and interview surveys to determine existing and potential needs/situations. Application of engineering principles Apply correct engineering principles on basis of problem and data collected. Application of engineering principles Principles of hydraulics, strength of materials, corrosion control, structures and computer analysis. Application of engineering principles Handbooks, codes of practice, computers and experience of other engineers. Application of engineering principles Compaction, use of plant, etc. Application of engineering principles Handbooks, manuals of standard practice, computing techniques and experience of other local engineers.

26 Hydraulics Branch Water Supply Branch Works and Housing Branch Traffic and Transportation Roads Branch Construction Division Branch DECISION MAKING Types of decision Types of decision Types of decision Types of decision Types of decision Evaluate various inputs and their relative importance to reach a decision. Often detailed design is done unnecessarily at an early stage before initial decisions are made which make such detailed design redundant. Design: Choice of materials (such as size of pipe), reticulation layout, positions of control valves. Operations: Conflicting priorities (for example, decide on most urgent of ten problems). Decisions usually have to be made on the spot. Determine structural system. Choice of Largely organisational, for example organising Formulate alternative systems and select materials. Type of founding (for example, spread work to be carried out in respect of plant, optimal solution. footing or piles). materials and staff. Scientific consideration Scientific consideration Scientific consideration Scientific consideration Scientific consideration Apply correct scientific/ engineering design criteria to problem. Important to utilise design aids rather than to work from first principles. Design: Evaluate new materials or control valves. (Not as extensive as in Design.) Consider durability. Capacity analysis, computer modelling techniques based on data collected, accident analysis, future projections (forecasting from trends). Economic considerations Economic considerations Economic considerations Economic considerations Economic considerations Important to realise economic results of design proposals and refine parameters to give most economic end result. Design: Materials and pipe network to be cost effective. Operations: Economic consequences always a factor in determining priorities, for example cannot test systems on weekdays for this would stop factory production. Consider different materials and structural forms. Compare price of alternative schemes. Estimate project costs based on drawings. Compare costs of alternative materials. Cost/benefit analysis of alternatives. Practical considerations Practical considerations Practical considerations Practical considerations Practical considerations Practical implications of any design solution is important, particularly in respect of on-going maintenance, repairs, accessibility, etc. Design: Ease of construction and future Various maintenance. Operations: Take decisions within time frame of ongoing water distribution network. Time and limitations of plant and terrain are important in emergencies. Ease of construction, future maintenance, speed of construction. Ease of implementation and maintenance, timing of implementation (for example, this year or next year?). Social considerations Social considerations Social considerations Social considerations Social considerations Ensure that proposed solution does not affect environment or, if it does, minimise such effects. Also ensure there are no bad social effects during construction or afterwards, such as high noise level, particularly in residential areas and after hours, odour problem, unsightly security precautions. Design: Moral responsibility to supply water demands that any design provide for construction of duplicate mains and alternative systems of supply. Operations: Consequences of priority selection for convenience of public. Noise and safety factors. Choose construction methods that limit noise, dust, and vibration. Consider safety and aesthetics. Social benefits. Factors such as pollution, disruption, safety and inconvenience are important. Checking data and conclusion On conclusion of all design work it is essential to recheck against original brief, to ensure that data has been used correctly and to come to correct conclusion. Formulate recommendations clearly and succinctly. Checking data and conclusion Design: Check calculations in house after checking in field. Operations: In case of a problem: identify where it lies, take steps to rectify and follow up with flow and pressure tests and pressure recording charts (under direction of engineer).pass temporary solution on to Design for detailed investigation of ultimate solution. Checking data and conclusion Routine procedure for all structural design. Especially important when working with computers. Engineers are taught never to accept results without checking. Checking data and conclusion Check daily against conclusions. Checking data and conclusion Check data for accuracy. Do computer output consistency tests.

27 Provide in-house coaching Support in: How to staff a municipal engineering department How to run a municipal engineering department How to build assessment management capacity Etc Busy with development of support material for an Academy of Municipal Engineering

28 Experiential training - take on students

29 Put a project together for CETA funding PROJECT 005/11-12 Placement of learners from universities and universities of technology for experiential learning in the workplace PROJECT 006/11-12 Candidacy programmes to culminate in the professional registration of candidates in the following professions: 6.1 Architecture 6.2 Civil Engineering 6.3 Construction Management 6.4 Project Management 6.5 Quantity Surveying PROJECT 008/11-12 Mentorship in Workplaces

30 The Candidate Academy we can help Rent-a-mentor Coach-a-candidate Portfolio of Evidence The Journal programme Courses include: Contract management and quality control Road construction and maintenance Basic pipeline design Basic sewerage network design Introduction to transport planning The Road to Registration for Candidates The Road to Registration for Supervisors, mentors and HR Contact : allyson@ally.co.za