EEF.IO/9/18 September Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe Secretariat. ENGLISH only. Conference Services DISCLAIMER

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1 Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe Secretariat EEF.IO/9/18 September 218 ENGLISH only Conference Services DISCLAIMER The OSCE Secretariat bears no responsibility for the content of this document and circulates it without altering its content. The distribution by OSCE Conference Services of this document is without prejudice to OSCE decisions, as set out in documents agreed by OSCE participating States.

2 9 SKILLS FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION Marieke Vandeweyer Labour Market Economist Skills and Employability Directorate for Employment, Labour and Social Affairs 26th OSCE Economic and Environmental Forum, 7 September 218, Vienna Skill needs are changing Technology Digitalisation Globalisation Environmental change Ageing societies Global megatrends are changing the demand for and supply of skills 1

3 Skill needs are changing 1 Employment share changes, Percentage points Low skill Middle skill High skill France United Kingdom OECD Total Italy Germany United States Japan Canada average Risk of automation % jobs by risk of automation High risk Medium risk United States United Kingdom Canada OECD average France Italy Germany Japan Source: OECD Employment Outlook 217, Nedelkoska and Quintini (218) Large skill gaps are emerging Skill shortages, 27 and 216 % of firms reporting difficulties filling jobs Japan Germany USA Canada Italy France UK Skill mismatch in existing jobs, 212 % of workers Over-skilled Under-skilled 1 1 Canada France United States Japan England (GBR)OECD average EU-average Germany Italy Source: Manpower Talent Shortage Survey, 216, and OECD Adult Skills Survey (PIAAC). 2

4 Many adults have low basic skills, including digital Adults with low literacy and/or numeracy skills, 212 As a percentage of all adults Italy France United States England Canada Germany Japan Problem solving skills in a technology-rich environment, 212 As a percentage of all adults Lack basic skills to fullfill simple tasks (Level 1 or below) England (GBR) United States OECD average Germany Canada Japan Italy France Source: OECD Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC) Failed ICT core or had no computer experience Digital skills are in shortage in the labour market Interacting with Computers imbalance Computers and Electronics knowledge imbalance Interacting with computers Performing General Physical Activities Computer and Electronics Production and Processing Jobs using this skill: o Programmers o Business professionals o Clerks Jobs using this skill: o Software developers o Engineers o Web technicians Italy Germany OECD average Canada France United States United Kingdom -.2 Italy OECD average Germany Canada France United States United Kingdom Source: OECD Skills for Jobs Database 3

5 Adult learning becomes increasingly important High participation Inclusive participation Adequate financing Alignment with labour market needs Participation in adult education and training over past year, 212 As a percentage of all adults Non-job related Job-related Low-skilled (All) High quality provision Source: OECD Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC) Policies to develop digital skills Basic digital skills Luxembourg: Basic digital skills programme (Internet-Führerschäin) for low-skilled adults to develop their knowledge and skills on how to use ICT in a conscious and responsible way. United Kingdom: a Digital Skills Partnership to bring together government and national and local employers and charities to address the digital skills gap in a more collaborative way. Specialised digital skills France: Grandes écoles du numerique provide subsidised short-term training programmes (e.g. programming), targeting disadvantaged and underrepresented groups (e.g. low-skilled youth, women). Brussels (Belgium): Coding and web development training programmes for unemployed youth. Turkey: More generous PESsubsidised on-the-job training for youth in high-demand digital skills (e.g. cyber security, cloud computing) 4

6 Digital transformation creates new forms of work New platform vacancies May 216 to February day moving average, May 216= Regulation. Balancing flexibility with security. Social protection. Repairing or replacing the safety net? Social dialogue. Rebuilding or reinventing? Source: Kässi, O. & Lehdonvirta, V. (216), Online Labor Index. Skills. Lifelong learning: from rhetoric to reality. Developing skills to benefit from new forms of work To access these new types of jobs (e.g. platform work, gig work), adults need to have strong basic digital skills, but also skills to understand : - where the opportunities are - how to access them - the challenges associated to these forms of work Supporting aspiring gig workers in the United States In California a pilot programme in community colleges (Self-Employment Pathways in the Gig Economy) provides classes covering topics such as (i) the pros and cons of the various platforms, (ii) creating and optimising an online profile, and (iii) professional strategies for finding and performing jobs. In San Francisco the pilot program Bridge to Employment helps individuals take advantage of gig economy work opportunities. The programme includes a series of free interactive training modules and videos, and provides in-person assistance programs to help workers go through the modules with peers and an instructor.

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