Energy Management System for a Container Terminal

Transcription

1 Energy Management System for a Container Terminal Knowledge Area(s): Main Area Sub-area 3 Energy Production tbd Author(s) Affiliation Prof. Jens Froese Jacobs University Bremen j.froese@jacobs-univeristy.de Laura Balas Jacobs University Bremen l.balas@jacobs-university.de Piet Wauters PWCS PWCS@skynet.be Distribution / Information to: Name Affiliation tbd EnMS 09 Energy Management System June 23, /24

2 Table of Contents Green EFFORTS White Paper #09 1 Introduction Rationale, purpose and scope of this document General Recommendations Boundaries ISO Step 1: General Requirements of ISO Step 2: Management Responsibility Step 3: Energy Policy Step 4: Energy Planning Collection of data Evaluation of Collected Data Energy Baseline Energy Performance Indicators (EnPI) Legal and Other Requirements Energy Objectives and Targets Energy Action Plans Step 5: Implementation and Operation Secure availability of resources for all the planned activities Promote energy awareness at all levels in the company Provide employee training and professional development Communicate results of the EnMS implementation, operation and performance in the company Document the EnMS and the activities performed Ensure energy efficient design and procurement processes Step 6: Checking Performance Monitoring and measuring Review compliance with legal obligation Nonconformity, corrective and preventive actions Internal audits Step 7: Management Reviews Calculation of energy performance and related GHG-emissions for a Fictional Container Terminal References EnMS 09 Energy Management System June 23, /24

3 List of Figures Figure 1 PLAN-DO-CHECK-ACT... 8 Figure 2 ISO Certification... 8 Figure 3 Energy Planning Steps Figure 4 Data Collection Phase, Energy Planning List of Tables Table 1 Container Terminal Company Profile (prototype)... 9 Table 2 The Container Terminal Top Management and Management Representative Responsibilities Table 3 Fuel &Energy Consumption of The Container Terminal Equipment Table 4 Framework for Checking Energy Performance Table 5 Terms and Definitions - Nonconformity, Corrective and Preventive Actions Table 6 Management Reviews: Inputs Table 7 Management Reviews Outputs EnMS 09 Energy Management System June 23, /24

4 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS / GLOSSARY/ DEFINITIONS CDP Formerly carbon disclosure project, an international non-profit organization providing the only global system for companies and cities to measure, disclose, manage and share vital environmental information CO2e ECH EI EnMS FL Carbon Dioxide Equivalent Empty Container Handlers Energy Intensity Energy Management System Forklift GEMS Global Energy Management System GHG Greenhouse Gas GWP MHC N RS SC TT Global Warming Potential Mobile Harbor Crane Current year Reach Stackers Specific Consumption Terminal Tractors EnMS 09 Energy Management System June 23, /24

5 1 Introduction The purpose of this document is to assist a Container Terminal to implement an Energy Management System (EnMS) in accordance with ISO 50001, which also may serve as greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions inventory and reporting according to GHG Protocol, respectively ISO and CEN EN An Energy Management System (EnMS) is a tool which systematically records the energy flow and serves to improve energy efficiency. The EnMS takes into account all the organizational resources needed for the implementation of energy saving actions and initiatives. It supports the organization to develop its energy policy, strategy, objectives and targets, plan accordingly actions, implement and monitor the performance related to predefined targets. The EnMS is based on the PLAN-DO-CHECK-ACT model for continuous improvement. It provides the processes and systems needed to incorporate prudent energy management as part of an organizational strategy for improved energy performance. 2 Rationale, purpose and scope of this document There are many publications available to achieve improved energy efficiency but scarce sources to support the implementation of an Energy Management System (EnMS) on a container terminal. The primary objective of this approach is to achieve a continuously updated inventory of energy consumptions. Based on these data, the production of GHGreports, which might be mandatory regionally or required by the company or the clients, is easy to achieve as a spin off. The format and content of a GHG-report depends on the standard used, either ISO or GHG-Protocol. 3 General Recommendations An EnMS is both, a methodology and a tool to contribute to improved terminal efficiency and effectiveness. It is recommended: to establish the EnMS in close relation to already existing management system such as ISO 9001, ISO and ISO 28000, especially for data capturing and reporting; as currently are not many best practice solutions available and hence no standards for energy performance indicators for container terminals, consumption tally should be conducted as detailed as possible; to later merge data is no big effort but to split to more detail is usually not feasible; to take the Container Terminal Quality Indicator Standard [CTQIS 2008] into consideration in order to determine energy performance indicators; global acting terminal operators should implement a Global Energy Management System (GEMS) to collect and develop best practice solutions, establish and maintain EnMS 09 Energy Management System June 23, /24

6 a repository of equipment and utility data, monitor technical, operational and attituderelated improvement opportunities and provide advice to local branches; to agree with other industrial players on a pre-competitive level of information-exchange e.g. for equipment and utility data; collaborate with the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP). 4 Boundaries A container terminal can host various operations from the core business to handle containers via freight stations and cold stores to out of gauge cargo (project cargo) operation. The inventory boundaries therefore must be clearly defined and can follow organization, processes or business units. The most logical boundary is the independent business unit boundary. Within the defined boundary it is recommended to cluster the energy consumers in the most practical way, mirroring terminal operations, but also state related processes for later investigation to improve energy efficiency which may lead to: technical measures (e.g. modification of equipment or new equipment); organizational measures (modification or even quitting of processes); attitude-related measures (e.g. motivation, training, incentives). A recommendation to cluster energy consumers can be found in [CTEC 2013]. Individual equipment consumption records will be accumulated to total equipment and facility consumption, which is sufficient for reporting of e.g. emissions [GHG 2004, GHG 2013]. However, after having substituted the most prominent energy wasters, fine-tuning becomes a kind of detective work, very much depending on the details of recorded data. 5 ISO ISO is an International Standard that specifies requirements for Energy Management System (EnMS). The purpose of the ISO Energy Management System is to enable an organization to follow a systematic approach in achieving continual improvement of energy performance, including energy efficiency, energy security, energy use and consumption. The requirements are used to establish and implement a PLAN-DO-CHECK-ACT continual improvement system for managing energy and achieving energy performance improvements. ISO can be implemented, regardless of the types of energy used. Based on the common elements of ISO management system standards, ISO has a high level of compatibility with ISO 9001 quality management systems and ISO environmental management systems. The heart of ISO is a comprehensive Energy Management System (EnMS). An ISOcompliant EnMS includes an energy policy, energy teams, clear management involvement, energy-related purchasing procedures, energy goals, employee engagement, training, and numerous other structures and processes. EnMS 09 Energy Management System June 23, /24

7 Energy Performance Indicators (EnPIs) are used to drive improvement and meet goals. The standard does not define which EnPIs to adopt; it leaves that flexibility to each company. Those companies which seek to be ISO certified also commit to an initial third party certification of their management system, annual surveillance audits, and a thorough recertification every three years. Third party certifiers can often provide additional expert advice on optimizing facility efforts. These three elements (a management system, performance indicators, and external certification) have been proven to drive results in quality, environmental impact, safety, and most recently in energy management. ISO certification complements other approaches to Strategic Energy Management. Energy management systems lead to: reduced costs; reduced energy consumption; increase of productivity; reduced CO2 emissions; environmental protection; increase of competitiveness; improvement of the external representation of the company. Energy Management System ISO benefits: transparency of energy consumption; decreased energy intensity; improved operational efficiencies; implementation of sustainable processes; reduced environmental impacts; reduction of energy costs. PLAN-DO-CHECK-ACT Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO is based on the PLAN-DO-CHECK-ACT approach to achieve continual improvement in energy performance. The PLAN-DO-CHECK-ACT (PDCA) cycle is used by many other management systems such as ISO or ISO This cycle it provides a framework for continuous improvement of processes and it enables companies to constantly reassess and optimize their energy management procedures and to gradually increase costs savings. EnMS 09 Energy Management System June 23, /24

8 Figure 1 PLAN-DO-CHECK-ACT (Source: Inside Energy: Developing and Managing an ISO Energy Management System. ) Any container terminal aspiring to apply for ISO certification should follow these guidelines for a successful application. The ISO 50001guidelines include 7-Steps which should be carefully applied for the implementation of an Energy Management System (EnMS). As shown Figure 2, the company shall firstly apply the ISO guidelines in order to implement and operate an EnMS and secondly apply for the certification after having all relevant evidence collected. Figure 2 ISO Certification (Source: Eccleston, C. H. (2011). Inside Energy: Developing and Managing an ISO Energy Management System. ) EnMS 09 Energy Management System June 23, /24

9 The structure of this guide follows the steps as contained in the ISO standard: General Requirements, Management Responsibility, Energy Policy, Energy Planning, Implementation and Operation, Checking Performance and Management Reviews. Container Terminal General Information for a Fictional Container Terminal Table 1 Container Terminal Company Profile (prototype) Company Profile Location - Terminal Services Discharging/loading and storage of all container types. Handling of containers transported by shuttle trains Viking, Mercury and so on. Weighing, washing, repairing of containers and other related services. Handling of heavy lift and project cargo. Terminal Characteristics Container Freight Station (CFS) services. Berths: Nr Length of berths 1000 m. Depth at berths 12,00 m. Maximum draught allowance at berths and in the approach channel m. Maximum length of containerships 294 m. Storage capacity at the area TEU. Number of plugs for reefer containers 150. Operational Hours All year, except Christmas and New Year; Gate not weekend nights TEU Factor (no of boxes x TEU factor = TEU) Capacity TEU Stacking Height 5 High (Reefer) and 6 High (Normal) Staff Services Canteen Showers Drying room for wet clothes No transfers by car/bus at the moment, but planned for the future Special Services Repair Cleaning Stuffing/Stripping Weighing Terminal Equipment Mobile harbour crane (104 t lifting capacity, 51 m outreach); RTG (Rubber Tyred Gantry) (40 t lifting capacity) Konecranes for yard operations; Reach-stackers Ferrari for yard operation. Terminal tractors for internal transportation. EnMS 09 Energy Management System June 23, /24

10 Green EFFORTS White Paper #09 Forklift trucks (depends on forklifts handling capacity); External trucks; Locomotives; Empty container handler. 5.1 Step 1: General Requirements of ISO The main requirements before starting the planning and implementation are: a. An EnMS should be established, documented, implemented, maintained and improved in accordance with the guidelines of ISO b. The EnMS scope and boundaries should be clearly defined and documented. By scope is meant the specific internal processes consuming or producing energy, and by boundaries is meant the physical flows considered by the EnMS. c. An official document stating and showing how The Container Terminal will achieve continual improvement of energy and of the EnMS itself. 5.2 Step 2: Management Responsibility The top management is responsible for creating an energy-saving culture within the Container Terminal. The management representative (Energy Manager) is appointed by the top management, has to report directly to top management regarding energy-related issues, and has to perform a set of defined activities related to energy management. These set of activities, as defined by ISO are listed below: Table 2 The Container Terminal Top Management and Management Representative Responsibilities Top Management Management Representative 1. Establish, implement and maintain the 1. Ensure that an EnMS is established, energy policy; implemented, maintained, and 2. Assign a management representative and continually improved; approve the formation of an energy 2. Report to top management on the management collective; 3. Provide the necessary resources to establish, implement, maintain and improve the EnMS; EnMS performance; 3. Report to top management on energy performance; 4. Ensure that the planning of all energy 4. Identify the scope and boundaries management activities is designed to addressed by the EnMS; support the organization s energy 5. Communicate the importance of energy policy; management to their organization; 5. Define and give responsibilities in order 6. Ensure that energy performance to facilitate effective energy objectives and targets are established for the organization; 7. Ensure that the energy performance indicators (EPI) are appropriate for the management; 6. Determine criteria and methods to ensure that both operation and control of the EnMS are effective; EnMS 09 Energy Management System June 23, /24

11 organization; 8. Include energy considerations in longterm planning; 9. Ensure that results are measured and reported; 10. Conduct management reviews. Green EFFORTS White Paper #09 7. Promote awareness of the energy policy and objectives at all levels of the organization including training. 8. Procurement of energy services, products, equipment and energy/design-refurbishment. 5.3 Step 3: Energy Policy The most important aspect the top management should consider when approving an energy policy is its commitment to continuous improvement to energy performance. 5.4 Step 4: Energy Planning Figure 3 Energy Planning Steps (Source: International Standard Organization. (2011). DIN EN ISO Energy Management Systems Requirements with guidance for use (ISO 50001:2011) ) The following actions are required in order to achieve the Energy Action Plan: The data collection process which includes three main aspects: energy sources (diesel, gas, electricity), energy flows and main consumers in categories, data measurement and collection; By evaluation of the data identify the main consumers to establish an energy baseline for year n; Establish the energy performance indicators per category; Take into account legal and/or company requirements; Set specific targets per main consumer. EnMS 09 Energy Management System June 23, /24

12 Figure 4 Data Collection Phase, Energy Planning (Source Eccleston, C. H. (2011). Inside Energy: Developing and Managing an ISO Energy Management System. ) Collection of data Main energy sources within The Container Terminal Energy Supply at The Container Terminal, consists of the following sources: a. Electricity from grid b. Diesel fuel c. Gas. Energy Flows at The Container Terminal Energy Consumers The energy consumption of the equipment at The Container Terminal is shown below: EnMS 09 Energy Management System June 23, /24

13 Table 3 Fuel &Energy Consumption of The Container Terminal Equipment Equipment Model Consumption Diesel fuel Mobile harbour cranes Liebherr LHM ltr/running hour (rh) Liebherr LHM ltr/rh Tractor trailer units Terberg tractors 9-11 ltr/rh (depends on working conditions) Empty container Fantuzzi 8 ltr/rh handler Forklift trucks A.o. Linde ltr (depends on forklifts handling capacity) External trucks Various 6-7 ltr/rh Locomotives - 17 ltr/rh Reachstacker Ferrari - Lighting Lighting Coldstore new Coldstore old Warehouses Reefers Offices Other Electricity kwh/year kwh/year kwh/year kwh/year kwh/year kwh/year kwh/year Other information about The Container lighting system follows below: a. Light mast height in yard existing lightning masts are 40 m height, newly installed masts in the yard are 40 m height also, on the quay 25 m. b. There are 1000W, 2x600W, 400W HPS floodlights in the yard Evaluation of Collected Data In order to arrive at improvement potentials for the main consumers the Container Terminal should make a detailed analysis and description of each main consumer s lay out and the measuring system infrastructure. EnMS 09 Energy Management System June 23, /24

14 5.4.3 Energy Baseline Setting an energy baseline against which the organization s energy performance will be compared is a very important part of the energy planning process. This is the definition of the year or any other period of time (quarter, half year) which will be used as reference period to base later comparison (benchmarking) upon; in this document the baseline year is Energy savings can be calculated based on percent changes of an energy intensity EI indicator relative to its base year. The energy baseline is one of the outputs of the energy review. It is the quantitative reference to be used for assessing future actual data. It reflects the scope of activities under review. To be directly useful the baseline must be performance-based with normalized data and/or performance indicators. Installing, testing and operating meters to measure energy consumption (usually electric power and diesel), and record resulting data, is fault-prone. It is therefore recommended to commence consumption data recording at least 3 months before the reference date to gain experience and make it fail-safe. The energy baseline should consider all the data collected in the energy review process and should consider as input the consumed energy per main user category in the base year n expressed in MWh, Liters and m 3 per EURO (electricity measurement factor for buildings). The energy baseline is one of the outputs of the energy review. It is the quantitative reference to be used for assessing future actual data. It reflects the scope of activities under review. To be directly useful the baseline must be performance-based with normalized data and/or performance indicators Energy Performance Indicators (EnPI) The organization should use EnPI as tools to assess energy performance against the baseline and the established targets for each main consumer. Consumption data must be captured and organized in a way to allow benchmarking within the same operational entity over time and within the industry. At a first glance all container terminals look similar but there are always peculiarities which do not permit direct comparison, thus data need to be normalized. EI Indicator = (Specific Consumption Year X x Activity Year X) (Specific Consumption Base Year x Activity Base Year) Legal and Other Requirements The list with all the relevant state and local regulations pertaining to energy production and consumption, environment should be made. Then the management should make sure that the energy planning addresses all these requirements in order to better respond to stakeholder expectations and avoid fines, law enforcement actions and court appearances. Moreover, the confidence of all relevant stakeholders will be significantly higher once all relevant legal requirements are included in the planning process Energy Objectives and Targets The defined targets and objectives must be achievable, realistic and measurable. In this manner, the energy performance can be periodically, e.g. annually, assessed and communicated across the organization. Moreover, problems can be easily identified and EnMS 09 Energy Management System June 23, /24

15 resolved. The objectives and targets should be consistent among themselves and with the established energy policy Energy Action Plans The development of the energy action plans should be based on the energy objectives and targets as well as the identified significant areas of energy savings in the energy review process. The energy action plans should be planned and implemented using project management principles and techniques. This ensures systematic implementation, monitoring and corrective actions development right in time. Moreover, a realistic planned management process increases significantly the probability of success. The management representative has a critical role in the process of designing, implementing and monitoring the energy action plans. 5.5 Step 5: Implementation and Operation In order to ensure continuous energy performance within the container terminal, the above detailed plans and energy actions should be implemented accordingly. An energy task plan should be developed with the main tasks, assigned responsibilities and required resources. Project management tools and methods such as GANTT charts, milestones, work packages and plans can be especially useful to ensure consistency between the planning and implementation stages. Nevertheless, besides following carefully the planning stage and bringing it to a day-to-day operational environment, the following activities should be kept in mind during the implementation stage: Secure availability of resources for all the planned activities The Container Terminal top management is responsible for making available all the required technical and financial resources for the implementation of the measures contained in the energy action plans, but the management representative and his team play critical role in showing the need for specific resources and taking actions Promote energy awareness at all levels in the company Raising awareness of energy performance within the Container Terminal comes as a prerequisite for the success of the EnMS. The Top Management together with the Management Representative should ensure that employees are aware of the significance of energy efficiency, the company s energy policy and program as well as their role and impact on achieving the company s energy objectives and targets. Ensuring the information is communicated at all levels means that the organization benefits of the fact that everyone is on the same level working towards the same goals. All the management in the Container Terminal should act as role models for energy saving attitudes and initiatives. EnMS 09 Energy Management System June 23, /24

16 5.5.3 Provide employee training and professional development The key responsible people in the field of energy management should receive customized trainings to ensure they have the required knowledge and competence. Trainings and workshops should address all specific topics where skills, knowledge and attitudes need improvement to achieve determined objectives in the most effective manner Communicate results of the EnMS implementation, operation and performance in the company When it comes to communicate the EnMS performance, one should differentiate between the internal and external communication. The importance and benefits of improved energy performance, the energy policy and action plans, should be communicated to staff at all levels within the organization, hence, internal communication is obligatory. However, the organization should decide whether and what information will be communicated externally and implement an external communication plan or include external target audience in the internal communication plan. A communication strategy should be defined and based on it, the communication plan developed Document the EnMS and the activities performed The organization should make sure that all the activities performed within the EnMS are documented. The document processing, production, distribution, updating and storage must follow genuine quality standards as for all other management documentation Ensure energy efficient design and procurement processes The organization should design the new facilities, systems, equipment or processes which will have a significant impact on the energy performance, considering the function and energy performance of the newly designed entities. By structuring the design processes to incorporate the energy needs at an early stage, it provides a significant opportunity to positively affect the future energy performance and cost savings. Energy management should also be an integral part of procurement activities. 5.6 Step 6: Checking Performance According to ISO requirements, the company should place a significant focus on the continuous energy performance. In order to ensure energy performance according to the defined targets and objectives, the periodical monitoring and measuring should be performed. 5.7 Monitoring and measuring Periodical monitoring of the action plans implementation and measuring of the energy performance may quickly reveal inefficiencies and deficiencies in the processes. Moreover, it allows detecting energy consumption levels and how well they fit to the defined target levels. EnMS 09 Energy Management System June 23, /24

17 ISO requires a list of aspects to be continuously monitored, nevertheless, depending on the company size and structure, other aspects could be also monitored. Table 4 Framework for Checking Energy Performance Description 1 Understand the energy review process where initial energy metrics have been defined and analyzed. 2 Understand the energy policy of the organization along with the defined energy targets and objectives. 3 Understand all the energy metrics defined and gathered such as the energy baseline, the EnPIs. 4 Collect the required information and perform the EnPIs analysis. 5 Write a performance metrics plan to include each significant performance metrics with the technical approach characteristics (how was the data obtained), how the data obtained can be applied, associated costs, estimated contribution to energy performance and other operational benefits. 6 Benefit/cost analysis for the EnMS investments. 7 Obtain management reviews and approvals to implement the energy investments. 8 Develop metrics and implemented them according to the approved plan. 9 Ensure that any deviations from the plan during the implementations are investigated and treated appropriately Review compliance with legal obligation The Container Terminal should have a defined and systematic procedure to periodically evaluate its compliance with the legal and other relevant requirements listed and defined in the planning stage. This will allow the avoidance of any laws violation, fines and lawsuits. Furthermore, the standard requires records of the compliance to be kept and presented to the auditors Nonconformity, corrective and preventive actions The Container Terminal should have a defined procedure for problems identification, actions to fix them and follow-up activities to eliminate the root-cause of these problems. For a clear understanding of the main differences between nonconformities, noncompliance, corrective and preventive actions their definitions as by ISO are listed in the table below. Table 5 Terms and Definitions - Nonconformity, Corrective and Preventive Actions Nonconformity Deviation from the EnMS defined requirements. Noncompliance Deviation from government law or regulation. Corrective action Action take to prevent the recurrence of nonconformity. Preventive action Action taken to prevent the occurrence of nonconformity. EnMS 09 Energy Management System June 23, /24

18 According to this requirement, Container Terminal should fix any arising nonconformity by taking corrective actions, and then perform a root-cause analysis to find out what was the cause of the nonconformity and remediate it to ensure it does not happen again. Findings in the EnMS audit phases provide the basis for the nonconformity identification and corrective actions design. Furthermore, Container terminal should ensure that preventive actions are taken to address potential nonconformities or issues which not happened yet, but are likely to happen. By defining clear procedures for nonconformity identification and remedy, the employees have clear, written instructions on how to deal with actual and potential problems. The following framework to approach corrective/preventive actions is suggested: Collect nonconformity information; Perform root-cause analysis to determine the cause of the non-conformity; Identify the appropriate action; Implement the appropriate action; Monitor the implementation of the action; Validate the effectiveness of the action Internal audits Internal audits are a very important part of the continuous energy performance improvement. The internal audit is a systematic internal review of the EnMS, its functionality and results. Its purpose goes beyond a sole control function as it provides an opportunity to detect inefficiencies and further improvement options. We recommend performing an internal audit at least once per year, but this of course depends on the resource availability, company size and complexity of the business operations. 5.8 Step 7: Management Reviews The top management should review the performance of the EnMS and the energy performance at specified time intervals in order to ensure that it is still appropriate for the organization and it meets the defined goals and expected results. During the management reviews, the Container Terminal top management should analyze all the energy-related current updates, evaluate the information, and allocate further resources and direct improvement actions to be taken. The inputs for the management review required by the standard are listed and described in the table below: Input Name Follow-up actions from previous management reviews Review of the energy policy Review of energy Table 6 Management Reviews: Inputs Input Description The list of actions to be done from one meeting should make the agenda of the subsequent meeting in order to review the status of each planned action. The energy policy should be reviewed and updated during the management reviews, when necessary. The energy performance should be regularly monitored during EnMS 09 Energy Management System June 23, /24

19 performance and related EnPIs Legal compliance and requirement changes Energy objectives and targets EnMS audit results Corrective and preventive actions Projected energy performance Recommendations for improvement Green EFFORTS White Paper #09 the management reviews by analyzing the EnPIs against the energy baseline. Moreover, the energy baseline should be updated when it is not appropriate anymore or there have been major changes in the EnMS. Evaluation of legal compliance should be performed and any changes in the local or international legal requirements should be analyzed as in how they affect the EnMS performance. Energy objectives and targets should be reviewed and their achievement status monitored. Energy targets should be revised to better align with the energy objectives. Energy objectives could also be revised to better reflect the organization s energy policy commitments. The results of the EnMS audits should be reviewed in order to ensure that the EnMS is being implemented and operated according to the defined requirements. The management should review the status of the corrective and preventive actions or determine whether the action is closed or still open. Preventive actions determine whether the causes of potential nonconformities are being eliminated or not. Finding no nonconformities might mean good news for top management, however, it may also mean that the internal audit program is not effectively identifying existing problems. The current energy performance should be carefully analyzed in order to project the expected energy performance for the next period. This will allow for comparison of the projected energy performance against the targeted one and make necessary adjustments to ensure that the targets are met. The management review should include in the agenda the recommendations for improvement which should be prioritized and authorized by the top management to be implemented. The listed and described outputs from the management reviews are below: Output Name Changes in the energy performance of the organization Changes to the energy policy Table 7 Management Reviews Outputs Output Description During every meeting the energy performance should be analyzed as in it is remaining constant, getting better or worse. In the case it is getting worse; the top management should authorize and document actions to be implemented to improve the situation. After reviewing the energy policy and determining if it is still reflecting the organization s commitments to energy performance, the top management should decide whether any changes should be made or not. If changes are not needed, EnMS 09 Energy Management System June 23, /24

20 Changes to the EnPI Continual improvement of the EnMS and its implementation Allocation of resources Green EFFORTS White Paper #09 document the decision. If changes are needed, make the updates and document the new decision. The top management should decide whether the EnPI are still appropriate to monitor and measure the energy performance of the organization. If they are, then the decision should be documented. If not, actions should be taken related to the adjustments to the EnPI and the energy baseline, respectively. The main components of the EnMS such as objectives, targets and others should be reviewed and checked whether they still are aligned with the organization s commitment to continual energy performance. An action check list should also be made to ensure the decisions related to the EnMS elements update will be implemented. Any decisions or actions related to the allocation of resources to improve energy performance should be included in the outputs of the management review. 6 Calculation of energy performance and related GHG-emissions for a Fictional Container Terminal Please see attached Excel Sheets Based on the electricity consumption figures that you will received (for example) from 2012 and 2013, (see attached) in the same sequence the different categories of electricity users are listed showing for each year in the first column the total MWh used for each category. In the following columns the total cost for the Electricity estimated at 100 EUR per MWh are listed and, in order to enable GHG-reporting, the MWh converted to MWh prime with a factor 2.5(each liter diesel discharge 2.5 of CO2 emission to the atmosphere) and the corresponding tonnage of CO2 using the factor Ton per MWh. * The MWh of electric energy are converted to MWh prime meaning primary energy by a factor 2.5. This factor 2.5 is dependent on the type of energy raw materials the electricity in the particular country is made of being fuel, coal, gas, nuclear, hydro etc. This conversion factor takes into account the efficiency factor to generate the electricity and the transport of the electricity. The factor 2.5 may vary slightly from country to country depending on the energy raw materials used to generate the electricity. So from the measured MWh electricity go to the primary source electricity by multiplying with the conversion factor to arrive at the final primary MWh for electricity which will allow calculating the corresponding CO2. Then with each MWh prime is released to kg CO2. So in conclusion starting for the electricity consumption with the MWh measured, convert to the MWh prime electricity with the conversion factor 2.5 and having then the prime MWh EnMS 09 Energy Management System June 23, /24

21 convert in the same manner as for diesel with Kg CO2. 1 MWh electricity = 2.5 MWh prime electricity times = Kg CO2. For fuel or diesel do not have this factor as this energy source is directly transferred to the end user. For the diesel 100 Liter diesel is equivalent to 1.05 MWh prime energy times kg CO2 = Kg CO2 For the diesel consumption the different equipment categories from mobile harbour cranes (MHC s) to terminal tractors (TT), reachstackers (RS), empty handlers (ECH), and forklifts owned (FL), forklifts leased, locomotives and cars are listed. As the actual consumption of diesel used on an annual basis is not recorded, the relevant figures for the baseline year 2012 have been estimated based on the average consumption per running hour. It is assumed that the total number of boxes reported, were handled in average by the three MHC s and twice by the batch of RS from the vessel to the stack and from the stack to the truck or rail at the gate. All empty containers were assumed to be twice handled by the ECH s to put in or to unload from the empty stack. For the TT s and FL s the running hours are estimated, 1000 for the TT s, 800 for the owned FL s and 1000 for the external FL s. For the locomotives 300 trains with 2 hours work for the locomotives per train is assumed annually. As for the cars, a total of 5000 km per year for each car for internal transport and 6 liter consumption per 100 km is assumed. In the diesel section of the table the liters are converted into MWh using the factor 0,01051 MWh/l (average 100 operating hour and a price of 100 EUR per MWh) as energy content for the fuel. Then also the total cost at 1EUR per liter (cell B1) are reported, again the same MWh-figure and the CO2 in tons. For the inventory of both energy modes, electricity and diesel totalized, for the baseline 2012 and the 2013 tables for each parameter Total Cost MWh Prime and CO2 the percentage level allowing the Container Terminal to define a significance threshold to identify the significant users are included. It allows improving energy efficiency over time by: Optimizing operating conditions (for instance average distance recorded per move); Improving maintenance schedule and practices (for instance monitoring of type pressure); Sharing sound practice and the energy aspect into all new projects (procurement/design) or refurbishment of existing equipment. In practice the above will allow to establish a detailed action plan, for each action item defining an investment level and a return of investment (RoI)-calculation based on known or estimated data and assigning roles and responsibilities to realize defined goals. EnMS 09 Energy Management System June 23, /24

22 It is essential for diesel to compile on a monthly basis per significant user category a list of all individual equipment units and record the running hours where applicable and the energy consumed as for MHC s, RS, ECH, TT s and FL s as well as the performance in boxes handled for MHC s, RS and ECH. Whenever new equipment is put into operation or taken out of operation, the tables must be updated. As now for benchmarking and comparison of the energy performance improvement with the baseline year, it is essential to establish energy performance indicators taking the diversity of the operations into account. It is to distinguish between site level indicators, e.g. the number of TEU s handled, and operational level indicators. The operational level indicators are more practical and have a direct impact on the energy action plan for implementation and measuring improvement. The operational level energy performance indicators may be defined as for example: Coldstore per ton and set temperature days; Reefers per reefer day and set temperature; Rolling Equipment and MHC per billable TEU moved; Buildings per square meter and degree days. EnMS 09 Energy Management System June 23, /24

23 7 References DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung (2012) EN 16258:2012 Methodology for calculation and declaration on energy consumptions and GHG emissions in transport services (good and passengers transport) Eccleston, C. H. (2011). Inside Energy: Developing and Managing an ISO Energy Management System. Hoboken CRC Press. GHG 2004 The Greenhouse Gas Protocol: A corporate accounting and reporting standard, Revised edition March 2004 The World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) & The World Resources Institute (WRI) GHG 2013 Greenhouse Gas Protocol: Required Greenhouse Gases in Inventories, Accounting and Reporting Standard Amendment, February 2013 The World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) & The World Resources Institute (WRI) IMO (2009). Guidelines for Voluntary Use of the Ship Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator (EEOI). International Maritime Organization, MEPC.1/Circ.684, 17 August 2009, London. International Standard Organization. (2011). DIN EN ISO Energy Management Systems Requirements with guidance for use (ISO 50001:2011). English Translation of DIN EN ISO 50001: ISO (2011). Win the Energy Challenge with ISO International Organization for Standardization, June 2011, Switzerland. ISO Greenhouse Gases Part 1: Specification with Guidance at the Organisation Level for Quantification and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Removals, First Edition March ISO Energy Management Systems Requirements with Guidance for Use (ISO 50001:2011), October 2011 CEN Management Centre, Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels ISO, Case postale 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20 EnMS 09 Energy Management System June 23, /24

24 LBNL (2005). Energy Efficiency Improvement and Cost Saving Opportunities For Petroleum Refineries: An ENERGY STAR Guide for Energy and Plant Managers. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, February 2005, USA. EnMS 09 Energy Management System June 23, /24

25 Explanations Color Explanation Input: Please insert your data! Result Calculation Factors EnPI Formula EI Indicator = (Specific Consumption Year X x Activity Year X)/ (Specific Consumption Base Year x Activity Base Year Calculation of energy performance and related GHG- emissions 1. The total cost for the Electricity estimated at 100 EUR per MWh are listed 2. The MWh converted to MWh prime with a factor 2,5 and the corresponding tonnage of CO2 using the factor 0,25301 Ton per MWh a) The MWh of electric energy are converted to MWh prime meaning primary energy by a factor 2.5 b) This factor 2.5 is dependent on the type of energy raw materials the electricity in the particular country is made of being fuel,coal, gas, nuclear, hydro etc. This conversion factor takes into account the efficiency factor to generate the electricity and the transport of the electricity. The factor 2.5 may vary slightly from country to country depending on the energy raw materials used to generate the electricity. c) So from the measured MWh electricity go to the primary source electricity by multiplying with the conversion factor to arrive at the final primary MWh for electricity which will allow calculating the corresponding CO2. Then with each MWh prime is released to kg CO2. So in conclusion starting for the electricity consumption with the MWh measured, convert to the MWh prime electricity with the conversion factor 2.5 and having then the prime MWh convert in the same manner as for diesel with Kg CO2. 1 MWh electricity = 2.5 MWh prime electricity times = Kg CO2 d) For fuel or diesel do not have this factor as this energy source is directly transferred to the end user. e) For the diesel 100 Liter diesel is equivalent to 1.05 MWh prime energy times kg CO2 = Kg CO2 3. In the diesel section of the table the liters are converted into MWh using the factor 0,01051 MWh/l (average 100 operating hour and a price of 100 EUR per MWh) as energy content for the fuel. Then also the total cost at 1EUR per liter (cell B1) are reported, again the same MWh- figure and the CO2 in tons.

26 Total Consumption 2012 KLAPEIDA 2012 ESTIMATE Buildings- Electricity Liter MWh Total Cost % MWh Prime % CO2 Ton % Lighting 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! Cold Store new 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! Cold Store old 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! Warehouses 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! Reefers 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! Housing/ Offices 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! Other 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! Equipment- Diesel MWh Mobile Harbour Cranes Liebherr #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! Tractor/trailer Terberg #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! Reachstacker Linde +Ferrari #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! Empty container handler Fantuzzi #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! Forklift trucks Various #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! External trucks Various #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! Locomotives #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! Cars #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! Specific consumption per TEU #REF! kwh %

27 2012 annual Power consumption figures (monthly,annual) for the terminal infrastructure(kwh) Buildings Annual offices IT Canteen kitchen shower social rooms Ʃ Store rooms - coldstore new - coldstore old Warehouses Reefers Other Lighting 0 0 Equipment Manufacturer Model Mobile Harbour 1 Crane Mobile Harbour 2 Crane 3 Tractor/trailer 4 Reachstacker 5 Reachstacker 6 Empty container Energy type Number Consumption [kw/h] or [l/h] Consumption per total nr equip/h Moves/h Total Type moves/h

28 handler 7 Forklift trucks 8 External trucks 9 Locomotives 10 Cars 11 Other Ʃ Baseline year 2012 Container/year TEU Factor TEU/year

29 Total Consumption 2013 KLAPEIDA 2013 ESTIMATE Buildings- Electricity Liter MWh Total Cost % MWh Prime % CO2 Ton % Lighting 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Cold Store new 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Cold Store old 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Warehouses 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Reefers 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Housing/ Offices 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Other 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Equipment- Diesel MWh Mobile Harbour Cranes Liebherr 0 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Tractor/trailer Terberg 0 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Reachstacker Linde +Ferrari 0 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Empty container handler Fantuzzi 0 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Forklift trucks Various 0 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! External trucks Various 0 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Locomotives 0 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Cars 0 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Container/year 2012 TEU Factor TEU/year Container/year 2013 TEU Factor TEU/year Specific consumption 2012 Specific consumption 2013 EI 2013 per TEU

30 2013 annual Power consumption figures (monthly,annual) for the terminal infrastructure (kwh) Buildings Annual offices IT Canteen kitchen shower social rooms Ʃ Store rooms - coldstore new - coldstore old Warehouses Reefers Other Lighting 0 0 Equipment Manufacturer Model Mobile Harbour 1 Crane Mobile Harbour 2 Crane 3 Tractor/trailer 4 Reachstacker 5 Reachstacker Empty container 6 handler Energy type Number Consumption [kw/h] or [l/h] Consumption per total nr equip/h Moves/h Total Type moves/h

31 7 Forklift trucks 8 External trucks 9 Locomotives 10 Cars 11 Other Ʃ Container/year TEU Factor TEU/year Container/year TEU Factor TEU/year

32 Total Consumption 2014 KLAPEIDA 2013 ESTIMATE Buildings- Electricity Liter MWh Total Cost % MWh Prime % CO2 Ton % Lighting 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Cold Store new 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Cold Store old 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Warehouses 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Reefers 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Housing/ Offices 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Other 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Equipment- Diesel MWh Mobile Harbour Cranes Liebherr 0 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Tractor/trailer Terberg 0 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Reachstacker Linde +Ferrari 0 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Empty container handler Fantuzzi 0 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Forklift trucks Various 0 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! External trucks Various 0 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Locomotives 0 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! Cars 0 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0!