MICROCONTROLLER BASED

Transcription

1 MICROCONTROLLER BASED LED DISPLAY BOARD BY YAHAYA N. YUSUF (2000/9938EE) DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL/COMPUTER ENGINEERING, FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, MINNA.NIGER STATE. NIGERIA. NOVEMBER, 2007

2 MICROCONTROLLER BASED LED DISPLAY BOARD BY YAHAYA N. YUSUF (2000/9938EE) A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL/COMPUTER ENGINEERING, FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, MINNA. NIGER STATE. NIGERIA. NOVEMBER, 2007

3 DEDICATION I dedicate this project to the Muslim Ummah, my Family (most especially Hadiza Nnakwa Yahaya) and all seekers of truth. II

4 DECLARA TION This is to ct:;ftify that this project research was fully carried out by Yahaya N. Yusufwith registration number 2000/9938EE of department of Electrical/Computer Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Minna, under the Supervision of Dr Y. Adediran. Yahaya N. Yusuf, Dr Y. Adediran ~~ <...MI",A"J (Project Supervisor)' ::~~--~l Signature/ Date Engr M. D. Abdullahi (Head of Department) Signature/ Date (External Examiner) Signature/ Date III

5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS All praise and thanks is due to Allah the Lord of the World, the Beneficent, the Merciful. May His peace and blessing be upon his Noble Prophet Muhammad, his Household, Companions, Wives and Followers, till the Day of Judgement. My Special gratitude goes to my Parent (my Mother and Father) for being with me, and for giving me support and confidence through out my life. Also to members of my famity, Salimat Yahaya, Hadiza Yahaya, Fatimah Yahaya, Nimat Yahaya, Ali Yahaya, Hauwa Yahaya and others, I thank Allah for making you a part of me. I am grateful to my Project supervisor, Dr Y. Adediran, for his invaluable guidance, helpful advices, and unconditional support during the whole process. I would like to thank My H. O. D. the whole of Electrical/Computer Engineering Department Lecturers and my academic advisor, for encouraging me through out my stay in this school. I thank the Muslim Society, Muslim Engineering Students (National and Local chapter) for making my stay in school interesting. There is nothing compare to Islamic brotherhood. I also thank all My Friends, Jelilah Banu, Nda-Asabe Tyabo and Abdurrahman Turawa, Nafisah Durowade, Ateeq Jidda, Abdulhakeem Abdurraheem, Bukola Kanike, Sha'fi Abdullah and all others that I couldn't mention, for their support and good advice. Finally, I thank everyone that has been good to me, the Yahayas, the Salihu Babas, Zubairs, the Alayas, the Abdullah, the Ojularis, the Adebayos and others. May Allah reward you, bless you and guide you to the right Path. Amen. IV

6 \ ABSTRACT Every century arrives with a defining technology. A technology so unique and prominent in that century and age that it determines how effectively or efficiently a person, community, institution or nation could achieve its critical success goals. Citizens are already getting these services abroad and it's gradually incorporating into the Nigerian market. All this services includes an output point of interaction between the machines and the customers which is the display that tells you what is going on inside the system. This project involves the design and construction of an electronic board which will go a long way in solving the problems encountered in the advertising industry. The project idea was first conceptualize when I went on Industrial attachment in an IT film (National egovernment Strategies, NeGSt, Abuja). I was there introduced to Information Technology, it benefits and the future expectation of how the usual face to face human interaction and business transaction will be completely replaced by the cyber space (internet). I then started thinking of how to utilize our electronic skills to create job in this new market. My project deals with one of the instrument used to offer this IT services or used as an output device in this present dispensation. It is the LED digital display board. v

7 TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page Dedication Declaration Acknowledgements Abstract 1 tt ttt tv v CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.1 About the Project 1.2 Historical Background 1.3 Types of Display boards Microcontroller based LED Display Board l.7 Aims and Objective of Project Methodology Scope CHAPTER TWO: LlTERURE REVIEW 2. 1 Historical background A brief history of LEOs How Manufactures LEOs Theoretical Background Driving LEDs- Static Drive and Multiplex Drive Background Persistence of vision VI

8 2.3 Difficulties that Limit Performance 2.4 Improvement against Limitation CHAPTER THREE: DESIGN AND CONSRUCTION Power supply Unit Regulation Smoothing Microcontroller Unit Choice of Microcontroller Speed Buttons Clocking Circuitry Shift Register Unit Display Unit Software Design Program development Program upload Construction CHAPTER FOUR: TESTING, DISCUSSION OF RESULT Testing Power Supply Output Shift Register Output Display Unit VII

9 4.2 Discussion of Result CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSSION Summary Result Limitation of Design 5.4 Suggestions Conclusion Reference LIST OF FIGURES Fig 3.0 Fig 3.1 Fig 3.2 Fig 3.3 Fig 3.4 Fig 3.5 Fig 3.6 System Block Diagram Circuit diagram of voltage regulator AT89C52 pin out Interface between the Clock source unit and the Microcontroller Pin out of 74HC595 Shift Register Diagram of LED Connection Flowchart of the Software Implementation Fig 3.7 Fig 3.8 Picture of an 8051 Programmer Complete Circuit diagram Fig 4.0 Picture of Shift Register during Testing VIII