Jakov Karmelić, PhD Association of Ship Agents and Brokers of Croatia

Transcription

1 Jakov Karmelić, PhD Association of Ship Agents and Brokers of Croatia Strengthening the corridor`s competitiveness through the cooperation between the ports in the North Adriatic Opatija, 22nd November 2017

2 The Vision of NAPA (North Adriatic Ports Association) The NAPA will form a European logistics platform, in particular with regard to servicing the markets of the Far East as well as Central and Eastern Europe. COOPETITION: Cooperate internationally compete internally From To Distance Total CO2 emission Korea North Adriatic 17,400 km 2,595 kg Korea Rotterdam 21,345 km 2,915 kg Difference km 320 kg Carbon emission comparison for 1 container (TEU) with gross weight 18 ton: Shipping one container from Korea to the North Adriatic saves 320 kg of CO2! Izvor:

3 Desire called Central and Eastern Europe Central and Eastern Europe could be served by several multi-port gateway regions. Competition: Inter regions Inter ports in the region Intra port

4 Sea distance Shanghai Hamburg: NM Days at sea: 34 days Shanghai Rijeka: NM Days at sea: 27 days Rijeka vs. Hamburg = 7 days shorter sea transit time, considering only sea distance between the two individual ports Source: Source: It is essential to consider the actual designed liner container service, the number of ports of call and rotation, and only then calculate the actual transit time between individual ports!

5 Sea distance vs. Sea transit time Asia North Europe Asia Adriatic Sourcer: Ningbo Hamburg: 30 days Shanghai Hamburg: 28 days Chiwan Hamburg: 26 days Yantian Hamburg: 25 days Ningbo Rijeka: 31 days Shanghai Rijeka: 30 days Chiwan Rijeka: 26 days Yantian Rijeka: 25 days shortest sea distance shorthest sea transit time

6 The Logistics Performance Index (LPI) 1) Efficiency of the clearance process (i.e., speed, simplicity and predictability of formalities) by border control agencies, including customs; 2) Quality of trade and transport related infrastructure (e.g., ports, railroads, roads, information technology); 3) Ease of arranging competitively priced shipments; 4) Competence and quality of logistics services (e.g., transport operators, customs brokers); 5) Ability to track and trace consignments; 6) Timeliness of shipments in reaching destination within the scheduled or expected delivery time. The scorecards demonstrate comparative performance the dimensions show on a scale (lowest score to highest score) from 1 to 5 relevant to the possible comparison groups. Source:

7 Why? NE vs. NA Why North Adriatic? Why North Europe? Geographic position shorter sea distances from Far East Geographic position - shorter inland distances towards Central European destinations Reduced environmental impact Direct services of 2 consortiums to/from: Far East Mediterranean High maritime connectivity direct services of more consortiums to/from: Far East North America South America High terminal productivity Hinterland transport services (frequency, reliability, speed) of rail and barge services Gateway position with T/S flows Scale economies reduced unit costs (bigger ships, longer railway )

8 Reasons for operational cooperation among the NAPA ports All container direct services (2M, OA) are calling the same ports (Koper, Trieste, Rijeka), (OA also calling Venice) Issues: Approaching channel limits Berth limits Berthing Window period limits Draught limits Terminal productivity limits Stowage restrictions Inland distribution limits Weather constrains: north wind, fog OPERATIONAL COOPERATION could help to increase efficiency of each port and North Adriatic region without restricting competition!

9 Carrier`s options 1. North Europe vs. North Adriatic 2. North Adriatic a) Direct services T/S cargo (for the outports) + cargo for home country + cargo in transit towards Central European hinterland b) Hub&Spoke (feeder services using Central Med hubs) cargo determined for particular port (home country) 3. Direct services a) Multi port concept (Rijeka, Koper, Trieste, Venice) a) Competition among the ports: which port is the first port of call in the vessel`s rotation? b) Single port concept a) What is real possibility of only one port for effective distribution of all cargo towards Central European markets? 4. Multi port concept a) Competition for Central European markets a) Each port competes for all Central European markets. b) Inland Corridor`s Specialization (Synonyms for specialization: differentiation, distinction, strength, expert knowledge) a) To determine which port has the best inland service towards particular Central European market.

10 NAPA what to do? Build land transport infrastructure railway with the longer trains linking hinterlands in Central and Eastern Europe Modernize port: Deeper sea in the port Longer berths (berths for more vessels alongside) Modern cranes (increased productivity) Attract more direct liner services: Far East North America South America ISC Med Develop shortsea and feeder networks to all the Adriatic outports Turn into inland corridor`s specialization Develop network of inland terminals/depots Operational coordinaton for berthing prospects (free berths, optional stowage) Comparative/natural advantage (geographic location...) turn into a competitive advantage!

11 Thank you!