LOGISTICS OF CRISIS SITUATION AND ITS APPLICATION BY TRANSPORT SAFETY EXAMINATION. Nikoleta HUSÁKOVÁ, Ján GURECKA, Dušan KUBALA

Transcription

1 LOGISTICS OF CRISIS SITUATION AND ITS APPLICATION BY TRANSPORT SAFETY EXAMINATION Nikoleta HUSÁKOVÁ, Ján GURECKA, Dušan KUBALA Technical University of Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic, EU, Abstract The base of logistics of crisis situation forms crisis planning which deals not only with the preparation and creation of forces and means for elimination of crisis situations results but also with analysis of risks, prevention, material flow control, financing and personal constitution of correct, prompt and quick operation of logistical system in order to minimalization of consequences of different crisis situations. The article is aimed at the application of logistics of crisis situation as risks control of selected types of internal and external enterprise transport. Keywords: Logistics, crisis, crisis situation, transport 1. INTRODUCTION The succes of enterprise is very rare nowadays. Changes in technologies, economic and social conditions brings new risks. It is important to manage risks systematically and globally, above all for increasing of the prosperity of today`s enterprise. The basic process of risks management is the process of appraisal and risks control. In practice, the absence of risks appraisal and control is the most registered in small and mediumsized enterprises in the EU. Road transport has the largest share of overall logistics services from the external (out-plant) transport. This is realized from the supplier to the enterprise, or from the enterprise to the customers. Internal (intro-plant) transport is presented by continuous transport in this problem. The internal (factory) transport is mainly continuous service. In addition to the continuous transport pipelines is a large share of transport operations and transport conveyor belts designed for transport particularly in the actual material production (between sites and within objects) [1,2]. For this reason, the article focuses on one of the main logistics processes crisis - risk management and road transport conveyor belts. 2. POSITION OF CRISIS SITUATION LOGISTICS BY ENTERPRISE TRANSPORT Transport logistics of enterprise and crisis situations are closely linked. Transport is an important and significant component of any logistics system. From a logistical point of view, the transport has unsubstitutable place in logistical system of enterprise. Logistics chain from the supplier to the customer through the producer consists of many segments of transport which make transport chain. By present transport management in enterprise it is created a series of crisis events independently of our will. They have growing trend in various productional subdivisions. They effect damages and material losses, and also human lives losses [3]. Successful crisis management is characterized by two different phases which are complementary, namely by prevention of crisis situations and response on crisis situations. Crisis planning creates the base of crisis situation. Crisis planning is focused on the creation of forces and tools for elimination of crisis situation results, but also for risks analysis, prevention, control of material flow, finance and personal organization of correct, prompt and fast operation of logistics system in order to various crisis situations results minimalization [3].

2 3. RISKS MAMAGEMENT - IMPORTANT TOOL OF CRISIS LOGISTICS The problem of risk management is very broad. In terms of enterprise transport the attention will be focused on the assessment of technical risk. Risk management is the process by which the objective of the control subject is to prevent an effect of present and future factors and it suggestes a solutions which help to eliminate the effect of untoward effects and vice versa it makes possible to use opportunities of positive effects. The critical phase of the management process is the selection of the optimal solution. The final product of each stage of the risk management is decision-making. It is important to pay attention to system solution and monitoring of damages, caused by physical injury. There are a large number of s for analysis of technical risk in the technical practice. Literature and technical norms present several s for risks appraisal [4,5,6]. Application of s is possible in the qualitative and in quantitative form. They were formed for concrete use and therefore it is suitable their modification to the concrete conditions. 4. SELECTION OF SUITABLE METHOD FOR RISKS APPRAISAL FOR ENTERPRISE TRANSPORT The part of risk management is decision making process which is based on the risks analysis. Inductive and deductive s are used for risks appraisal in various fields and spheres at the present. The article deals with analysis of selected s and design of suitable for technical risk appraisal in road transport and belt conveying Selection of suitable for risk appraisal in road transport by Saaty`s We used 4 s for appraisal of risks in road transport: BM simple point, RBM advanced point, MMR risk matrix, KM complex. Tab. 1 presents resultant values of risk importance. We can state from these results that the rate of risks is the same for every evaluated danger. Tab.1 Comparison of resultant rate of risks for road transport by various s Rate of risk Danger Simple point Advanced point Complex point Risk matrix Pay no attention to driving and situation in road traffic Inadequate speed, no acceptance of vehicle properties, condition of road Infringement of safety distance un unwanted un risk un risk unwanted alarming un risk un risk moderate alarming risk risk Not Yield right of way unwanted unwanted un risk un risk Animals on the road moderate moderate risk momentary Wrong turning and reverse moderate moderate un risk risk We defined these evaluative criteria for the decision process: K1 - field of application in practice, K2 number of input parameters, K3 number of stages of risk rate, K4 rate of subjectivity by risk assessment. For the selection of suitable of risk appraisal and risk management was used Saaty`s. It is also based on the paired comparison of the signification level of criteria and the rate of this how the evaluated variants of solution verify these criteria [7]. The scale of evaluation is significantly more complex.

3 Tab 2. Decision table for the selection of suitable for risk appraisal in road transport Criterion Importances α i Methods BM RBM MMR KM K1 0,07 0,11 0,07 0,13 0,08 0,15 0,09 0,61 0,37 K2 0,27 0,03 0,01 0,27 0,06 0,34 0,07 0,35 0,07 K3 0,14 0,1 0,01 0,04 0,01 0,51 0,07 0,35 0,05 K4 0,52 0,05 0,001 0,11 0,01 0,29 0,02 0,55 0,03 Weighted sum 0,091 0,16 0,25 0,52 Rank Conclusion to Saaty`s : We can state that the complex is the most suitable from comparised s used by risks evalutaion (BM, RBM, MMR a KM) and the next suitable is the point (Table 2 presents the results of this ) Design of suitable for technical risks appraisal in belt conveying For the selection of suitable for risk appraisal in belt conveying it is used the modified of decision matrix (Forced Decision Matrix Method FDMM). Inputs for the selection of suitable for technical risk appraisal in belt conveying are resultant rates (levels) of risks (Tab. 3). Tab. 3 Final rate of CB risk by applied s Final rate of risk (level of risk) Danger Point Advanced point Risk matrix Complex Rotating parts in the place of drums moderate alarming Unexpected running of conveyor belt unwanted alarming Movement of conveyor belt moderate alarming In the place of supporting rolls Rotating parts in the place of hopper moderate alarming Slipping of conveyor belt moderate moderate Other moving parts near by conveyor belt moderate moderate Electrical shock moderate moderate Conveyor belt breakdown moderate moderate Failure of drive unit moderate moderate

4 The procedure in the FDMM is following: - after paired comparison of criteria it was also done a paired comparison of alternative s for CB risks appraisal by the criteria K1 and K4. Normed values of importances for criteria and s are in the decision table FDMM (Tab. 4). Final rank of applied s was determined by weighted sum (sum of criteria importances and s conjunction) Tab.4 Decision table FDMM for the selection of suitable for CB risks appraisal Methods Criterion Importance BM RBM MMR KM K1 0,167 0,333 0,167 0,5 0 K2 0 0,333 0,167 0,5 0 K3 0,333 0,333 0,5 0,167 0 K4 0,5 0,333 0,167 0,5 0 Weighted sum 0,334 0,279 0,39 0 Rank The of risk matrix (MRM) was the most suitable for selected criteria. The rank of other s did not transform in comparison with DMM. Final evaluation of the decision making process: The result of both multicriteria decision s application is the same. The matrix the most conforms to criteria for the selection of suitable for conveyor belt risks appraisal. CONCLUSION The objective of the article was to present the necessity of crisis situations logistics implementation to factory transport. The objective of design for the suitable of technical risks is the selection of suitable for risk appraisal in road transport. The right decision is an important supposition for decreasing of rate of uncertainty and this is higher, if we have wrong procedure, low levele of information and quality, tools of evaluation, etc. The selection of s (BM, RBM, MMR a KM) for risks appraisal was focused on the simple procedures which help to small enterprises to fill right obligation, check workstation and find all potentional risks sources. Selected criteria are based on the operative risk management on the lowest levels. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work was supported by the Scientific Grant Agency of The Ministry of Education of the Slovak republic No. VEGA 1/0922/12 - Research of effect of material characteristics and technological parameters of conveyor belts on size of contact forces and resistance to motion in pipe conveyors with experimental and simulation s. LITERATURE [1] MARASOVÁ, D., TARABA, V.: Fordergurt ecotubelt ind seinde verwendung in der praxis (komunikat). In: Prace Naukowe Instytutu Górnictwa Politechniki Wrocławskiej : Seria Konferencje. - Wrocław : Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej, 1996 No. 80 (1996), p ISSN [2] GRUJIĆ, M., ANDREJIOVÁ, M., MARASOVÁ, D., PAVLISKOVÁ, A., TARABA, V., GRENDEL, P.: Using principal components analysis and clustering analysis to assess the similarity between conveyor belts. In: TTEM Journal :

5 Technics Technologies Education Management. Vol.7, no. 1 (2012), p ISSN [3] NOVÁK, L., DVOŘÁK, Z.: Krízové plánovanie, vyd. Žilinská univerzita, 2005, 1. vydanie, s.208, ISBN [4] ŠEBO, D., KNEŽO,D., JADROŇOVÁ, M.: The theory of risk and its application on environmet, 31. Savetovanje proizvodnog mašinstva Srbije i Crne Gore sa medunarodnim učešcem, Zbornik radova : Kragujevac, september Kragujevac : Univerzitet u Kragujevcu, p ISBN [5] SEŇOVÁ, A., SLANINOVÁ, P., WEISS, E.: Posúdenie rizika bodovou metódou pre vybranú profesiu v ťažobnom priemysle = Evaluation of risk by point for selected carrer in mining industry In: Acta Montanistica Slovaca. Roč. 13, č. 2 (2008), s ISSN Spôsob prístupu: [6] MARASOVÁ, D., TARABA, V., GRENDEL, P.: Legislatíva a jej požiadavky na bezpečnosť tunelov In: Acta Montanistica Slovaca. Roč. 15, mimoriadne č. 1 (2010), s ISSN Spôsob prístupu: [7] STRAKA,M.: Distribučná logistika v príkladoch ISBN , 100 strán, TUKE BERG 2011