Kingdom of Mankon. Aspect of History, Language, Culture, Flora and Fauna. Christopher Che Chi. Langaa Research & Publishing CIG Mankon,Bamenda

Transcription

1 Kingdom of Mankon

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3 Kingdom of Mankon Aspect of History, Language, Culture, Flora and Fauna Christopher Che Chi Langaa Research & Publishing CIG Mankon,Bamenda

4 Publisher: Langaa RPCIG Langaa Research & Publishing Common Initiative Group P.O. Box 902 Mankon Bamenda North West Region Cameroon Distributed outside N. America by African Books Collective Distributed in N. America by Michigan State University Press ISBN: Christopher Che Chi 201 DISCLAIMER All views expressed in this publication are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of Langaa RPCIG.

5 Content Mankon in Cameroon ii Tables and Figures xi Signs and sounds used xiii Signs xiii Mankon sounds compared to English sounds xiv Preface xix Introduction xxv Chapter One: Mankon geographical location and history 1.1. Origin of the word Mankon Geographical setting Origin and migration of the people The Mankon confederacy Mankon colonial contacts Migrant settlers in Mankon Chapter Two: Mankon political, economic and social structure 2.1. Mankon traditional rule Enstoolment Economy Social aspect Religion A ritual: From Ala nkyi to Sa mn A brief history of Ala nkyi The Nkyìmali Back on the hill After Ala nkyi The Musongong rite The Dance proper The Mankon language v

6 Chapter Three: Mankon phonology 3.1. Phonetics Identification and classification of sounds Description of sounds Position of sound occurrence in a word Comments Mankon alphabet Distinctive features: phonemes Phonemes vs. Allophones Assimilation, elision and deletion A review of sound distributions C 1 and C 2 consonants Vowels Vowel elision and deletion Elision Deletion Some Mankon morphophonemic rules Rules concerning nouns Rules concerning verbs Reduplication Morphological function of Mankon reduplicants Mankon phonotactics The concept of phonotactics Mankon syllabic structure Mankon tonology Level tones Grammatical tones Super high tones Contour tones Some uses of tone Autosegmental phonology vi

7 Chapter Four: Mankon orthography 4.1. Introduction Orthographic principles Mankon tone orthography Ways of limiting tone marking in Mankon Orthographic Depth and Grain Size Theory Chapter Five: Morphology 5.1. The notion of morphology Derivational morpheme Inflectional morpheme/declension Free morpheme Bound morpheme Lexical morpheme Functional morpheme Affixation Word formation Through loaning/borrowing Through compounding Through affixation Parts of speech/word classes Nouns (including demonstratives and plurals) Quantifiers Partitives Articles Quantity: every, all, the whole Quantity: small, a little Quantity: much, a lot of, plenty of Quantity: enough Quantity (negation: no/nothing) Noun classes and pronouns Pronouns Noun agreement with adjectives Associative or genitive constructions Singular associative markers Plural associative markers Verbs Adverbs vii

8 5.10. Preposition Negation Only Mood What/Which Colours Chapter Six: The proverb in Mankon 6.1. Purpose of study Methodology, data collection, and analysis Methodology Data analysis Review of literature Origin and meaning of the Mankon proverb Semantic structural analysis of the proverbs according to typology Instructive/Declarative; Informative/Advisory types Curse types Rhetorical types Retributive types Descriptive types Remunerative types Personificative types Other proverbs Chapter Seven: Mankon proverbial syntax 7.1. Traditional grammar subject-verb-object (SVO) order Immediate constituent (IC) analysis At word level; at phrase level At sentence level Deep and surface structures Binary division Positive equivalence Negative equivalence Positive causational Negative causational Paradigmatic and syntagmatic (syntactic) relations Characterisation Generativism viii

9 7.6. The negative and the adjective Style Pictorial expressions and hyperbole Dialogue Onomatopoeia Alliteration; assonance and rhyme Use of homely images Man as a false generic Metonymy Chapter Eight: Functional analysis 8.1. Preliminaries Linguistic communication Judicial function Educative function Aesthetic function Chapter Nine: N ì ala a (Stories) 9.1. N ì ala a z sa (Myths and legends) Myths Legends A joke (humour and entertainment) kóm ndì mu (The lullaby) Appendix References ix

10 His Royal Highness Fo Solomon Anyeghamoti Ndefru Angwa fo III of Mankon; 20th King of the Mankon dynasty (1959 ). Agronomist, politician and great developer.