A Survey on Geographic Information System Combining With GSM And 3G for Parking Guidance and Information System

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1 A Survey on Geographic Information System Combining With GSM And 3G for Parking Guidance and Information System Sonal M. Bharde 1, Payal R. Dongre 2, Sneha S. Sahu 3, Sarika R. Chourawar 4 and Prof. Rachit Singh 5 1,2,3,4,5 Department of Information Technology, Tulsiramji Gaikwad Patil College Of Engg and Tech Abstract With the increase of economic behavior and the upgrade of living standard, the ratio for people in India who own automobiles and motorcycles have recently increased with multiples. Therefore, parking issues will be a big challenge to facilitate traffic network and ensure urban life quality. We develop a model for parking guidance and information system with the help of GSM/GPS module which display parking location, distance and parking space availability. Index Terms GSM/GPS module, car, LCD display, transmitter. I. INTRODUCTION Finding parking is a difficult task due to which people spend a certain amount of time in finding the parking space thus causing the traffic to slower down and leads to congestion due to lack of information available about the parking space. Distance between car and parking zone can be calculated which will help the user to find the nearest available parking and it will save time and money too as no infrastructure is needed. The most of parking guidance information are displayed by roadside signboard. Therefore, this study expects to establish a real-time Parking Guidance and Information System, including Parking Guidance. Drivers can acquire real-time parking information provided by this system. Drivers not only can acquire the information from roadside signboard in the future, but also directly obtain a lot of information on parking lots via this system.for implementing this, the GSM based parking is cost effective and easy to use. The system will enhance the scalability using the coordinates for the parking. The detection of available parking space is done by using the coordinates. The primary purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the development of GSM based parking system which can be used to determine the location of available parking spaces and provide feedback on the current location. II. LITERATURE SURVEY 1. A Study Of Geographic Information System Combining With GPS And 3G For Parking Guidance And Information System The Parking Guidance and Information System proposed in this study consist of Parking Lot Host, Parking Guidance and Information Server as well as Internet Browser. Fig. 1 shows an integrated architecture of three modules, where Parking Lot Host takes responsibility to acquire the real-time availability information at that parking lot. According to Communication Protocol of Taipei City Parking Lot Information Guidance System [1], it will transmit to the database of Parking Guidance and Information Server via Internet after encoded. Parking Guidance and Information Server not only saves and provides the availability information to Parking Guidance and Information Browser for inquiry, but also plans and produces a parking lot guidance map transmitted to Parking Guidance and Information Browser, so that user can refer to a guidance map and leave for parking lot.internet Browser is not only used for user interface, but also acquires GPS coordinate. A user can connect Parking Guidance and Information Server via 3G/GPRS to browse the availability information and guidance map of parking lot near the destination. The following will describe Parking Lot Host, Parking Guidance and Information Server and Internet Browser at three subsections. IJIRT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 273

2 . Fig. 1. An integrated architecture of Parking Guidance and Information System A. Parking Lot Host : The mission of Parking Lot Host is to report the total number of parking space and the number of real-time availability to Parking Guidance and Information Server as basic module in this study. The mode to report employs client-server architecture, where Parking Lot Host is server and Parking Guidance and Information Server is client. Parking Guidance and Information Server downloads the real-time information on parking space available via Internet per the fixing interval (3 minutes) Although there are many parking lots in Taiwan, the public ones which announce parking space available take the majority[1]. In order to allow Parking Guidance and Information System to receive maximum parking lots, this study selects communication protocol most used in parking lot. Taipei City (as Table 1), sharing a return ratio of 34%, takes the lead to return the number of public parking lots. When Taipei City initially established protocol, the packet was one of consideration points [7]. This can reduce the utilization of network bandwidth, so that network transmission can be more stable. Therefore, this study utilizes Taipei City Parking Lot Information and Guidance System Protocol as a protocol to return parking space. B.Taipei City Parking Lot Information and Guidance System The principle to establish Taipei City Parking Lot Information and Guidance System Protocol is that the system worked out in an early phase is integrated in accordance with packet, cost and stability to establish communication protocol for the Taipei City Parking Lot Information and Guidance System. There are two important tags of the parking lot information of the format please see the protocols as follows: 1)ID:ParkingLotCode 2)AVAILABLECAR: Parking Space Available For Parking Lot ID: 101, taking parking space available: 8 for example. The data for server are as follows: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="big5"?> <DATA> <PARK> <ID>101</ID> <AVAILABLECAR>8</AVAILABLECAR> <PARK> </DATA> C. Parking Guidance and Information Server : Parking Guidance and Information Server is the most important module in this study. There are two functions: 1) Saving and providing the real-time information from each parking lot: After the real-time information is transmitted from each parking lot, a server will save the real-time parking space information in SQL Server 2000 database for users who can inquire the real-time information from parking lot near the destination. 2) Planning and producing a guidance map of parking lot: After Parking Guidance and Information Browser sends that coordinate and parking lot, Parking Guidance and Information Server can plan and produce a path map that guides a user to parking lot. D. Saving and providing real-time parking space information: The connection between Parking Guidance and Information Server and Parking Lots Host is based on the client-server architecture. The client is Parking Guidance and Information Server, which not only follows Taipei City Parking Lot Information and Guidance System Protocol but also downloads the number of parking space available in real time via Internet. After receiving the real-time information on parking space available from each parking lot, the number of parking space in SQL Server 2000 database is updated for user inquiry. IJIRT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 274

3 E. Parking lot data table: The parking lot data table saved includes the static and dynamic data. The static data represent invariable data, including the name of parking lot, the total number of parking space, coordinate (longitude and latitude), address, parking fee and business time. These data is one-input and not variable. SQL Server 2000 humanmachine interface is used to directly enter the data above-mentioned when establishing database; the dynamic data represent the regular or more variable data, which are the number of parking space available. The number of parking space available is dynamically updated in real time and provided by each parking lot host. This study will set up the static and dynamic data in the same table. The table name is: information. For each column name, data type and meaning (description). The column name of main index key is Id and no repetition is allowed, indicating the code of parking lot; longitude and latitude in the table utilize the format of WGS84 coordinate system. This format can be accurate to 6 digits after a decimal point, converted to calculate as the distance about up to 10 cm and obtain longitude and latitude in the data table after multiplied by 106. For example, it is assumed east longitude = and north latitude = in certain parking lot. Longitude and latitude of that parking lot saved in the table will be and , respectively; not only the data table in the columns above-mentioned but also include the name of parking lot, address, parking space, parking fee and business time.. 2. GPS Based Parking System : This paper describes the approach to manage the parking by using the GPS (Global Positioning System). Finding Parking these days have become a major problem. Whether on roads, markets, malls parking is a major issue. Car drivers waste a lot of time finding the available parking space without any detail or direction. With the rapid increase of cars finding parking in efficient and easy manner without causing congestion is the need of every parking managing system. Current parking systems depend either on Human Personnel to keep a track on available parking space or sensor based system. In both the situations the information is not about the available space but only the total no of space available[2]. In addition the cost of installation and maintenance of sensors is high. This paper shows a GPS based system to detect and indicate the available parking slot. Coordinates are used to detect the available parking slot. The architecture includes several modules through which parking system using coordinates and GPS system can be achieved. The modules are driver module, communication module and function module. A. Driver Module It is responsible for sending the coordinates of the current location to the server. When GPS is turned on it will trace the current location of the user and send the coordinates of the current location to the communication module. The coordinates of the parking system is already present in the database. The distance between the two placed can be found by the communication module. B. Communication Module The Distance between the two coordinates can be found using the Haversine formula. The server will compare the current coordinates of the driver with the existing coordinates of the parking system[2]. The Haversine formula is an equation important in navigation, giving great-circle distances between two points on a sphere from their longitudes and latitudes. It is a special case of a more general formula in spherical trigonometry, the law of haversines, relating the sides and angles of spherical triangles. The first table of haversines in English was published by James Andrew in III. UNDERSTANDING SMART AND AUTOMATED PARKING TECHNOLOGY The rapidly growing urban population of India is creating many problems for the cities, vehicle parking being one of the major problems faced almost every day. The number of vehicles is also increasing daily adding to the parking vows at public places. India has more than 40 million vehicles as of The traffic on roads and parking space has been an area of concern in majority of Indian cities. To avoid these problems, recently many new technologies have been developed that help in solving the parking problems to a great extent. IJIRT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 275

4 Fig 2 : Parking Issue Multi-level car parking system (MLCPS) is one such technology which is implemented in India. It is used for optimum utilization of parking space by utilizing vertical space rather than horizontal space. Some of the benefits of MLCPS are optimum utilization of space, low construction cost, low working and maintenance cost to name a few. India has more than 40 million vehicles[3]. But the traffic on roads and parking space has been an area of concern in majority of Indian cities. In most of the cases, 40 per cent of the road space is used for parking rather than for traffic movement on a normal working day. With affordable cars launching in the market, almost every middleclass family owns a car which adds to the vehicular population in our country. If this trend is followed, no amount of space will be enough to accommodate stationary vehicles, which will lead to narrower lanes for movement of public transport. The present situation in some areas of Indian cities is such that the demand for parking is twice the supply. Shortage of parking hinders the free flow of traffic and can also lead to accidents. It also causes air pollution, traffic jam and driver frustration. Some of the reasons for parking problems are: 1)Low parking prices Weak implementation of parking regulations. 2)Number of vehicles is rising day by day. 3)The footpaths are not properly constructed so walking environment is not comfortable. Hence prosperous vehicle owners do not prefer parking their vehicles three or four meters away. 4) Vehicle owners are not willing to pay the parking amount and often end up parking on the streets so building space for parking can seem like a waste. So to avoid all these problems, researchers recently have turned to applying technologies for efficient parking management(joshi, Khan, & Motiwalla, 2012)[4]. These technologies have helped in solving the parking problems to a great extent. Different technologies are applied at different places according to the parking environment and the type of parking requirement in that area. Parking Solutions Already Prevalent in India It is used for optimum utilisation of parking space by utilizing vertical space rather than horizontal space.the growing population and the increase in vehicles have made the plots expensive and hence the conventional parking has become non-feasible. Car ramps or car lifts also consume a lot of space therefore mechanized car parking systems prove to be feasible. Multi-level car parking system (MLCPS) has a number of advantages over the conventional parking system. IV. A RESERVATION BASED PARKING BASED SYSTEM In the architecture and design of proposed reservationbased smart parking system, which implements a reservation service to reduce the traffic volume caused parking cruise. Fig. 3 shows three components in the smart parking model, including parking lots, users and the smart parking system. The management system determines the parking prices, and broadcast live parking availability information to users (also drivers)[4]. Upon receiving parking information, the user selects a desired parking lot and reserves a space in the parking lot. As a result, the state of parking resources is changed by users parking decisions. Fig 3. Parking Lot The parking lot consists of a group of parking spaces. The on-street parking can also be considered as a IJIRT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 276

5 virtual parking lot. The state of a parking lot is the number of occupied spaces versus total spaces. Every parking lot has access to the Internet to communicate with the management system and users, and share parking information with other parking lots. In each parking lot, the reservation authority is deployed for authenticating the individual user s identity and reservation request. In this case, the reservation authority in the parking lot communicates with the specific user individually. Once the reservation order is confirmed, the reservation authority updates reservation information to hold the related space for the user. The sensor system deployed in parking lot is Responsible for monitoring the real-time condition of parking lots and delivers the live aggregated sensing information (the number of available spaces or occupancy rate) to the smart parking system. The sensing information is updated on demand. By placing the reservation authority in individual parking lots, we simplify a lot of issues related to the implementation, including communication overhead, reservation synchronization and load balancing. Since each user only has to communicate with his desired parking lot to make his reservation, rather than the centralized system, the communication overhead of reservation is highly reduced. international Journal of u- and e- Service, Science and Technology in year [4] A Reservation-based Smart Parking System Hongwei Wang_ and Wenbo Hey, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, USA, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, USA [5] Zhao-Ming Su, and Wen-Song You (2002), Construction of Personal Parking Guidance and Information System, Communications Journal, No. 1, Vol. 2, pp [6] Xi-Huang Chen, Shi-Chang Chen, and Jiong Lin (2007), Study of Using MPEG-4 Dynamic Video Encoder for Image Monitoring in Remote Driving Condition, 12 th Vehicle Engineering Workshop, pp. 92. V. CONCLUSION We have studied about the parking guidance and information system in India and various parking issues. We also studied that the Parking Guidance which integrates GSM and 3G networks, not only solves the insufficient number of roadside display unit, but also increases the applications after the parking information is collected. REFERENCES [1] A study of geographical information system combining with GPS and 3G for parking guidance and information system by Yu-Chi Shiue, Jyong Lin and Shih Chang Chen. [2] GPS based parking system by Mamta Gahlan,Vinita Malik,Dheeraj Kaushik in international journal of advance computer technology. [3] Understanding smart and automated parking technology by Yatin Jog, Anuja Sajeev, Sheyas Vidwans and Chandradeep Mallik in IJIRT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 277