Terminal dues in the e- commerce times

Transcription

1 Terminal dues in the e- commerce times Copenhagen Economics Conference, May 3 rd 2018 The Future of the postal and delivery industry Beatriz Galván Santiago EU Relations Manager The views and opinions expressed in this presentation are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the position of Correos.

2 Origins Evolution What else has changed Future 2

3 What are the Terminal Dues? a) An airport terminal fee b) An interconnection tax defined in a commercial agreement c) An interconnection tax fixed in an intergovernmental Treaty 3

4 Origins In 1874 the UPU Treaty of Bern established prices for conveyance of mail among the signatories 4

5 When did TD start The terminal dues system was first established by the 1969 Tokyo Congress as a means to compensate destination countries for the cost of handling, transporting and delivering letter-post items across borders. Prices were fixed in the Treaty in gold francs. 5

6 What is inside? 1874 UPU Bern Treaty included letters, correspondence, business papers, printed papers and samples of merchandise 1929 London Congress included small packets 1969 Tokyo Congress merged samples and small packets in a single category LCAO = Lettres (letters and postcards) Colis (printed papers, small packets <2kg) Autres Objets (literature for the blind) 6

7 How has the system changed? Changed the currency from g fr to SDR The uniform system is turn into a two tier system: Base rate per Kg, low volume flows Washington Tm Linear rate with item and Kg components, for high volume flows. 7

8 How has the system changed? 1994 Seoul First time cost structures are taken into account. Country-specific cost-based terminal dues for bulk mail, linked to domestic destination country prices. IPK = 17,26 items/kg 8

9 How has the system changed? each administration which receives letter-post items from another administration shall have the right to collect from the dispatching administration a payment for the costs incurred for the international mail received (art. 24 Convention) Developing countries: base rate per Kg + supplement for registered / insured Industrialized countries: linear rate with item and Kg components rate ~60% domestic priority rate for 20g item cap / floor limits access to country of destination domestic conditions for bulk-mail 7,5% surtax in flows to DC to improve quality IPK = 15,21 items/kg 1999 Beijing 9

10 How has the system changed? Same system, different parameters Industrialized countries: ~68% domestic priority rate for 20g item (2006) 16,5% surtax in flows to DC to contribute to Quality of Service Fund 2004 Bucharest 10

11 How has the system changed? New country classification: 6 groups 2008 Geneva Progressive migration towards target system related to cost countries + Group countries countries countries + Group Group 3 Target system: ~70% domestic priority rate (2010) 11

12 How has the system changed? 2012 Doha New classification of items per format (P G E) Target system: ~70% domestic priority tariffs for 20g P (small letters) and 175g G (large letters) separation of mail into three formats (P, G and E) mandatory for 1.1 group countries IPK = 12,23 items/kg 12

13 How has the system changed? Lower threshold to apply single rate (combining /kg and /item) Target system: different rates and caps/floors applicable to P/G format (linear between 20g-175g) and E format (linear between 20g-375g) 2016 Istanbul IPK = 8,16 items/kg in P/G format = 2,72 items/kg in E format 13

14 What else has changed? 1998 New Zealand removes postal monopoly 2008 Decoupling of postal growth from GDP (first effect of electronic substitution) 2013 Full market opening in 28 EU countries Corporatization 1/3 EU postal operators 14

15 What else has changed? 15

16 What else has changed? 16

17 What s coming? UPU product definition reform (IPP), and new remuneration system (IRP) respecting 5 principles: 1. Universal Postal Service 2. Market, customer and regulatory requirements 3. Product differentiation based on market needs 4. Least market-distortive global Postal network 5. Non-discriminatory access to destination markets 17

18 Tak! Thank you! Gracias! Beatriz Galván Santiago EU Relations Manager 18