Radioactive waste management: from challenge to opportunity?

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2 Radioactive waste management: from challenge to opportunity? Investment, financing and economic spill overs of a LIL radioactive waste repository: the Spanish case Emilio Garcia Bocconi University, Milan September 29, 2014

3 1. Nuclear and radioactive installations in Spain 3

4 2. Radioactive waste to be managed in Spain LILW 178,000 m 3 SF/HLW 13,000 m 3 1% Nuclear fuel manufacturing 3% Others Glasses 0,6% 22% Operation NPP s 2% RR.II. Other ILW 20,1% 72% NPP s decommissioning Spent Nuclear Fuel 79,3% (47,072 m³ as of 31/12/2012) 19,808 Fuel assemblies / 6,709 Ut (4,227 Ut as of 31/12/2012) LILW SF/HLW NPP s RR.II. Conditioned low and intermediate level waste (included very low level waste) Spent fuel and high level waste in disposal canister (included medium level waste) Nuclear Power Plants Radioactive Installations 4

5 3. Institutional framework Parliament Government Control Policy (GRWP) Nuclear Safety Council Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourism Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment Ministry of the Finance Ministry of Economy General Secretary of Energy National Industrial Holding (SEPI) National Research Centre For Energy, Environment and Technology (CIEMAT) 20% 80% Regulation and licensing Enresa Waste producers GRWP: General Radioactive Waste Plan 5

6 4. Financing - RW/SNF and Decommissioning NPPs shutdown before 31/12/ Others - RW/SNF and Decommissioning NPPs in operation 01/01/ RW Operation Juzbado - Decommissioning Juzbado - RW MIR and Others % Revenues via Electricity Tariff Invoice in Advance Invoice in Advance Direct Invoice T A X E S FUND FOR THE FINANCING OF THE ACTIVITIES CONTEMPLATED BY THE GRWP TEMPORARY FINANCIAL INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO TRACKING AND CONTROL COMMITTEE MINETUR Court of Auditors Social Security Audit Office Inspector of Finance External Auditor - Other incomes Monetary Flow Audit and Control FINANCIAL YIELDS FINANCIAL MARKETS

7 5. El Cabril center: background 7

8 5. EL CABRIL CENTRE: CAPACITIES 5. El Cabril center: capacities LILW disposal LILW treatment and conditioning LILW characterization Disposal units manufacturing Auxiliary installations RW storage 8

9 5. El Cabril center: Lay out 9

10 5. El Cabril center: Conditioning building 5. EL CABRIL CENTRE: CONDITIONING BUILDING MIR RW management Incineration Compaction Packages handling Disposal Units preparation 10

11 5. El Cabril center: Conceptual design Celdas con cobertura provisional Contenedores Techado móvil Cobertura a largo plazo Tierra vegetal Grava gruesa Capa de protección 1ª capa de arena (Drenante) Capa impermeabilizante de arcilla compactada 2ª capa de arena (Drenante) Impermeabilización 3ª capa de arena (Drenante) Relleno Galería inspección 11

12 5. El Cabril center: LILW disposal operations 12

13 5. El Cabril centre: VLLW disposal operations 13

14 6. Waste inventory disposed of up to date LILW Volume disposed: 30,000 m3 Capacity occupation: 68% Additional capacity needed VLLW Volume disposed: 8,000 m3 First cell to be filled in by the end of 2014 Sufficient capacity exists 14

15 7. Economics of El Cabril / Investments Technical and non-technical factors affect repository cost M / 2014 Property 7.5 Engineering 35 Equipment 40.5 Civil works 83 Assembling and test 16 Total

16 7. Economics of El Cabril / Operational cost By reason of their activities at El Cabril, ENRESA Operational cost is for M per year including: National taxes: VAT 8% Regional Government: Operating taxes Hosting Town Council: Local Activities tax, permits (i.e. Building permit) Legal instrument for assignments to Town Council located in the neighborhood of RW storage/disposal facilities: Infrastructure improvements through Cooperative Agreements with competent institutions Additionally, Good neighbor policy Industrial facility, including RWM processes Staff (~ 180 people): local recruitment Services: local supply i.e. building, staff transport, security Supporting programmes in the fields of social action, healthcare, culture and environment 16

17 8. Summary and conclusions Integrated system for LILW and VLLW management in place El Cabril as key piece of this system which operations started in 1992 for LILW and 2008 for VLLW Continued effort to keep El Cabril at the state of art with the goal to better achieve safety objectives Continuous monitoring and improvement of safety related aspects Periodical Safety Assessment review (Last in 2011) Engineered barriers system behaviour under disposal conditions QA programme Environmental monitoring programme R+D supporting programme Continuous and successful interaction with stakeholders El Cabril demonstrates the feasibility and successful implementation and operation for this type of facilities 17

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