Final Project Report. Abstract. Document information

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1 Final Project Report Document information Project Title Airport Capacity and Flow Management Project Number Project Manager SEAC Deliverable Name Final Project Report Deliverable ID D10 Edition Template Version Task contributors SEAC Abstract The project's main objective was to enhance the use of available airport capacity through collaborative planning and proactive Demand Capacity Balance Management via local solutions at airport level. Operational requirements for a common demand and capacity management concept have been developed and implemented in a runway management prototype. The operational usefulness of the concept as well as the usability of the prototype have been tested in several validation exercises with satisfying results.

2 Authoring & Approval Prepared By - Authors of the document. Name & Company Position & Title Date Nora Jausen / SEAC Project Manager 17/12/2015 Rob ten Hove / SEAC Project Contributor 17/12/2015 Mattes Kettner / SEAC Project Contributor 17/12/2015 Reviewed By - Reviewers internal to the project. Name & Company Position & Title Date Alexandra von Eckartsberg / SEAC former Project Manager 23/11/2015 Juergen Teutsch / SEAC Project Contributor 11/12/2015 Ronald Grosmann / SEAC Project Contributor 11/12/2015 Anna Wennerberg / ECTL Project Contributor 23/11/2015 Hans Hedde / DFS Project Contributor 23/11/2015 Rainer Kaufhold / DFS Project Contributor 23/11/2015 Elisa Callejo Tamayo / ENAIRE Project Contributor 23/11/2015 José Luis de la Calle / ENAIRE Project Contributor 23/11/2015 Josef Maria Achalandabaso Vila / ENAIRE Project Contributor 23/11/2015 Manuel Sanchez Roca / ENAIRE Project Contributor 23/11/2015 Antonio Javier Agusti Guerrro / ENAIRE Project Contributor 23/11/2015 Rafael Garcia Morata / ENAIRE Project Contributor 23/11/2015 Paloma Montero / ENAIRE Project Contributor 01/02/2016 Haude Hermand / Thales Project Contributor 09/02/2016 Reviewed By - Other SESAR projects, Airspace Users, staff association, military, Industrial Support, other organisations. Name & Company Position & Title Date Cristina Morales Carballo / INDRA Project Manager /12/2015 María Ángeles Pérez González / INDRA Project Contributor /12/2015 Beatriz Traid Rivas / INDRA Project Contributor /12/2015 Hanneke Bogers / SEAC Project Contributor /12/2015 Andy Knight / SEAC OFA Coordinator 11/12/2015 Ester Martín Domínguez / INECO WP 6 Leader 22/01/2016 Alan Ross Groskreutz / ENAIRE Project Manager /12/2015 Olivier Delain / SEAC Project Manager /12/2015 Andreas Kanstein / Telespazio VEGA Project Contributor B05 11/12/2015 Approved for submission to the SJU By - Representatives of the company involved in the project. Name & Company Position & Title Date Nora Jausen / SEAC Project Manager 17/12/2015 Anna Wennerberg /ECTL Project Contributor 17/12/2015 Rainer Kaufhold / DFS Project Contributor 01/02/2016 Paloma Montero / ENAIRE Project Contributor 08/02/2016 Haude Hermand / Thales Project Contributor 09/02/ of 11

3 Rejected By - Representatives of the company involved in the project. Name & Company Position & Title Date Rational for rejection None. Document History Edition Date Status Author Justification /09/2015 DRAFT Jausen New Document /11/ /11/2015 DRAFT for internal REVIEW DRAFT for external REVIEW Jausen/ten Hove/ Kettner Jausen /12/2015 FINAL Jausen /02/2016 FINAL for resubmission Jausen Intellectual Property Rights (foreground) This deliverable consists of SJU foreground. Including Updates Including Updates Including all feedback, ready for submission Including SJU comments 3 of 11

4 Acronyms Acronym A-DCB AOP ATC ATM EN E-OCVM INTEROP KPA KPI NOP OFA OI OSED SEAC SPR Definition Airport Demand and Capacity Balancing Airport Operations Plan Air Traffic Control Air Traffic Management Enabler European Operational Concept Validation Methodology Interoperability Document Key Performance Area Key Performance Indicator Network Operations Plan Operational Focus Area Operational Improvement Operational Service and Environment Description SESAR European Airports Consortium Safety and Performance Description TTA Target Time of Arrival (Target Time Management step 1, SESAR 1) TTD Target Time of Departure (Target Time Management step 2, SESAR 2020) 4 of 11

5 1 Project Overview The project's main objective was to enhance the use of available airport capacity through collaborative planning and pro-active Demand versus Capacity Balancing (Airport-DCB management), implementing local solutions at airport level in co-ordination with increased stakeholder participation (e.g. Airspace Users) and integration with network management functions. 1.1 Project progress and contribution to the Master Plan As part of the Operational Focus Area OFA "Airport Operations Management", the project "Airport Capacity and Flow Management" was one of eight operational primary projects contributing to the definition of the SESAR Step 1 operational services, operational methods, environments, scenarios, use cases and requirements. On the operational side, the following stakeholders were involved in the definition of the concept: the SESAR Airport Consortium SEAC, EUROCONTROL, German ATC service provider DFS and Spanish ATC service provider and airport operator ENAIRE (former AENA). The developed operational concept was documented in the related Operational Service and Environment Description (OSED), Safety and Performance Description (SPR[12]) and Interoperability Document (INTEROP). In accordance with the European Operational Concept Validation Methodology (E-OCVM), three validation exercises were performed in order to test the operational usefulness of the Airport-DCB concept. The validation exercises consisted in expert workshops using a DCB modelling tool provided by Thales, a fast time simulation using a functional mock-up provided by DFS and a fast time simulation using a more elaborated Airport-DCB prototype provided by INDRA. In addition, the Airport-DCB concept as well as the INDRA prototype were validated in an integrated validation exercise under the scope of the SESAR Project in combination with other operational concepts and their respective prototypes. The validation aimed at testing the concept's feasibility and maturity as well as assessing the compatibility of the different solutions and their overall benefit. The exercise was run as a combination of real time and fast time simulation. The results of the exercise are still under evaluation while this Final Project Report is written. During its lifecycle, the project contributed to the following Operational Improvements (OIs) and technical Enablers (ENs). Both OI steps are part of the SESAR 1 Solution #21 (Airport Operations Plan AOP and Seamless Integration with Network Operations Plan NOP) planned for Release 5 (WPB.01 Integrated Roadmap Version DS14). They are not associated to the Pilot Common Project and there is no follow up of the project envisaged under SESAR Code Name Project contribution Maturity at project start Maturity at project end AO-0804 Collaborative Airport Operations Management The project directly contributes to this OI step by iteratively developing the airport operations performance management concept through identifying functional requirements for the Airport-DCB concept. Providing a common view on Capacity Shortage, Delay and Punctuality, the management of the airport process is enhanced, not only for the actual situation but also for a number of hours ahead. Airport-DCB improves the collaborative decision making V1 V2 5 of 11

6 process, involving all relevant airport stakeholders. This OI was supported by the technical Enabler AIRPORT-36 "Provision by the Airport Operator of the relevant constraint to Aerodrome ATC" which matured from V0 to V2 during the course of the project. DCB-0309 Airport Demand Capacity Balancing The Airport-DCB concept as developed by the project, directly contributes to this OI step by iteratively defining DCB solutions. This supports the decision making process with respect to the proactive management of forecasted and actual Demand and Capacity Imbalances. The decision making process is scaled to fit with the timeframe and size of the respective impacts. V1 V2 This OI was supported by the technical Enablers AERODROME- ATC65 "Tactical Runway Management Capacity Planning Support Tool" and AIRPORT-42 "Tactical capacity planning tools" which both matured from V0 to V2 during the course of the project. 1.2 Project achievements The Airport-DCB concept as developed within the project is able to monitor actual and forecasted key airport infrastructure (runways/taxiways) related Key Performance Areas (KPAs) defined as Capacity Shortage, Efficiency and Predictability. In case of an identified capacity shortfall or an exceeding of a pre-defined performance target/threshold, the Airport-DCB monitor will raise a warning or alert. As such, the Airport-DCB provides common situational awareness to all concerned stakeholders regarding any demand and capacity imbalance issues. Due to the nature of the DCB concept, the main focus regarding the ATM performance targets was on the KPAs Capacity, Punctuality and Predictability. Although quantitative assessments of the DCB impacts on these KPAs are hard to determine, the results of the various validation exercises show evidence that the DCB concept embedded in the DCB prototype significantly enhances airport performance in the related KPAs and KPIs. In terms of capacity, the concept allows to minimise for arrival delay, departure delay and overall delay. For example, with a capacity drop of 50% known 3 hours in advance, the system was able to reduce the average overall forecasted delay by around 5 min compared to the situation where priority was set on arrival flights and by around 3 min when departure flights were prioritized. In case of predictability, a capacity drop of 50% known 3 hours in advance was handled by the system to still reach an average overall forecasted punctuality of 72% compared to the situation where priority was set on arrival flights (56%) or departure flights (69%). On the technical side, the DCB concept as well as the related DCB prototype requirements were taken into account by the SESAR technical project "Runway Management Tool" under the lead of INDRA and with support by SELEX ES, NORACON and SEAC. Several prototypes were developed and tested within the consecutive validation exercises. Although Demand and Capacity 6 of 11

7 Balancing is a day-to-day process currently taking place at every airport, the performance calculation and monitoring functions as well as the provision of basic input for the Target Time Management are new elements that have not been implemented yet. The operational requirements as developed by this project and the technical specifications as defined by SESAR project will form the basis for such tools. 1.3 Project Deliverables The following table presents the relevant deliverables that have been produced by the project. Reference Title Description D01 DCB Baseline-Analysis Report The report focuses on analysing existing demand and capacity balancing services at airport level and concludes with a recommendation for further work within the project. The assessment was based on research of existing documents both within and outside SESAR, expert discussions amongst project members and interviews with operational experts at respective airports that have been chosen for developing the DCB Baseline Analysis Report. D03 DCB Initial Validation Report The report summarises the validation results and gives an interpretation of the initial Airport-DCB validation activities. Input to the document was received from project members and operational experts during three validation workshops. The validation focussed on the DCB concept as described in the initial OSED (runway DCB during the day of operation). D04 DCB Validation Plan for V2 (early) The document describes how the first fast time simulation exercise was planned including a description of the test methodology and success criteria from an operational point of view. It also details which results were expected. D DCB Validation Plan for V2 (late) The document describes how the second fast time simulation exercise was planned including a description of the test methodology and success criteria from an operational point of view. It also details which results were expected. D05 DCB Preliminary OSED The OSED describes the assignment of runway and taxiway capacity from approximately six months before the day of operation up to the actual event for the purpose of performance driven Demand Capacity Balancing. It contains a description of the current procedures for balancing demand and capacity at an airport, what the new SESAR operating methods should look like and how they will be supported by dedicated tools. This second iteration towards the full concept of airport capacity superseded the initial version of the OSED (D02). This preliminary OSED was superseded by the 7 of 11

8 OFA Consolidated OSED Edition 3. D06 DCB Validation Report for V2 (early) The report describes the first fast time validation exercise conducted by DFS. It contributed to the validation of the Demand and Capacity Balancing concept as described in the DCB Preliminary OSED. The validation exercise focused on the validation of Airport-DCB and addressed the runway as reference during the day of operation. Validation sessions have been performed by using a basic mock-up to assess Airport-DCB monitoring based on forecasted performance indicators. Focus of the validation was to assess how the new planning philosophy based on the forecasted performance indicators could support the coordination between Approach and Tower Supervisors. D DCB Validation Report for V2 (late) The validation report describes the second fast time simulation exercise which took place in June 2014 at INDRA Madrid. The purpose of the exercise was to contribute to the validation of the Airport-DCB concept as well as enhancing the prototype of the runway management tool. Based on the results, the validation team concluded that the Airport-DCB concept passed most of the objectives described in the validation plan. However, the operational applicability of the runway management tool was assessed to be limited. Recommendations for improvement were proposed and implemented making the tool fit for purpose for the next validation exercise. In order to safe effort, it had been decided to combine the concepts of several operational projects in one superior OFA OSED, SPR and INTEROP. Hence, an updated version of the Airport- DCB operational concept including the results from the preceding validation exercises had been included in the OFA Consolidated OSED Edition 3 mainly in Appendix G. Furthermore, the project contributed to the OFA Consolidated SPR Edition 2 and the OFA Consolidated INTEROP Edition 2 by providing Airport-DCB related safety and performance requirements as well as interoperability requirements Contribution to Standardisation The project has not contributed to any standardisation activities since the developed operational concept was not considered to be sufficiently mature yet. 1.5 Project Conclusion and Recommendations The Airport-DCB is able to provide proposals for changes in runway configuration and runway utilization to better adjust capacity and demand which is especially important during constraint situations. Based on the Airport-DCB output, communication amongst involved stakeholders results in the determination of one or more solution scenarios to be applied. Agreed Airport-DCB output data is forwarded to the Airport Operations Plan (AOP) and if needed shared with the Network Operations Plan (NOP) and other planning tools via the AOP, thus contributing to the overall situational awareness. 8 of 11

9 The Airport-DCB concept developed within the project mainly focuses on Runway-DCB, however taking basic limitations of taxiway and/or airspace capacity into account. In general, the concept includes two ways of capacity determination: one based on look-up tables where predefined capacity figures for fixed runway combinations and different pre-defined operational conditions (e.g. low visibility) are provided, and a second one based on runway capacity calculations taking into account fleet mix, arrival/departure ratios, operating conditions and runway dependencies. However, further coordination between the operational and technical projects regarding the runway capacity calculations based on fleet mix, arrival/departure ratios, operating conditions and runway dependencies would be needed to implement this functionality in the respective prototypes. So far, only fixed runway capacities for pre-defined runway combinations and operating conditions were used for validation purposes. Therefore, the current prototypes tool should be seen as one possible way of providing a support tool for the Airport-DCB concept. Based on the available OSED, further support tools providing the same type of output but based on calculated capacity instead of pre-defined values might be developed during future deployment. Airport-DCB is also an important element in the Target Time Management process. In capacity constrained situations, the Airport-DCB concept provides the target times; Target Time of Arrival (TTA) as defined in the Target Time Management process step 1 and in the future also Target Time of Departure (TTD) as part of the Target Time Management process step 2. Both, the TTA and TTD concepts should be further developed within SESAR 2020 in order to deduce adequate requirements for the production of prototypes. The effectiveness of Airport-DCB relies completely on the accuracy and reliability of the input data. Therefore all stakeholders have to provide their best information (through the AOP), including their plans and current plan deviations. Naturally, information including a larger planning horizon has a lower quality than information close to the current event. Hence, the quality of the DCB output will improve the closer it comes to the actual capacity constraint. 9 of 11

10 2 References [1] SESAR Programme Management Plan, Edition [2] European ATM Master Plan [3] Multilateral Framework Agreement ( MFA ) signed between the SJU, EUROCONTROL and its 15 selected members on August 11, 2009, amended on 14 June 2010, 19 October 2010 and 2 July 2012 [4] Latest approved baseline documents: SCH_ _Latest_Approved_Baseline.xlsx, ; SCH_ _Current_Plan, ; REP_ _LATEST_PROJECT_BASELINE, (SESAR Extranet) [5] P Airport Capacity and Flow Management, D001 DCB Baseline-Analysis Report, D01, , [6] P Airport Capacity and Flow Management, D002 DCB Initial OSED, D02, , [7] P Airport Capacity and Flow Management, D005 DCB Preliminary OSED, D05, , [8] P Airport Capacity and Flow Management, D16 - Delivery Note for Contribution to OFA OSED Edition 2, D16, , [9] P Airport Capacity and Flow Management, D17 - Delivery Note for Contribution to OFA SPR V2, D17, , [10] P Airport Capacity and Flow Management, D18 - Delivery Note for Contribution to OFA Interop V2, D18, , [11] P AirPort Operations Centre (APOC) definition, OFA Consolidated OSED edition 3 Document (Part 1 & 2), D16, , [12] P AirPort Operations Centre (APOC) definition, OFA Consolidated SPR Edition 2 Document, D19, , [13] P AirPort Operations Centre (APOC) definition, OFA Consolidated INTEROP Edition 2 Document, D20, , [14] P Airport Capacity and Flow Management, D03 DCB Initial Validation Report, D03, , [15] P Airport Capacity and Flow Management, D04 DCB-Validation Plan for V2 (early), D04, , [16] P Airport Capacity and Flow Management, D DCB-Validation Plan for V2 (late), D04-002, , [17] P Airport Capacity and Flow Management, D06 DCB-Validation Report for V2 (early), D06, , [18] P Airport Capacity and Flow Management, D06 DCB-Validation Report for V2 (late), D06-002, , of 11

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