Research and innovation actions H2020-INFRAIA : Integrating and opening research infrastructures of European interest

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1 Project Title: AQUACOSM: Network of Leading European AQUAtic MesoCOSM Facilities Connecting Mountains to Oceans from the Arctic to the Mediterranean Project number: Project Acronym: Proposal full title: Type: Work program topics addressed: AQUACOSM Network of Leading European AQUAtic MesoCOSM Facilities Connecting Mountains to Oceans from the Arctic to the Mediterranean Research and innovation actions H2020-INFRAIA : Integrating and opening research infrastructures of European interest Deliverable No 8.2: Report on the current status and aims for LAMP Sensor System Due date of deliverable: Actual submission date: Version: 31 October October 2017 Final Main Authors: Behzad Mostajir, Sébastien Mas, David Parin and Francesca Vidussi (Partner 10 CNRS-MARBEC)

2 Disclaimer This deliverable is a living document and will be updated as project progresses. New versions will be available and published on the project website: This project has received funding from the s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No

3 Project ref. number Project title AQUACOSM: NETWORK OF LEADING EUROPEAN AQUATIC MESOCOSM FACILITIES Deliverable title Report on the current status and aims for LAMP Sensor System Deliverable number D8.2 Deliverable version Final Contractual date of delivery 31 October 2017 Actual date of delivery 30 October 2017 Document status Public Document version Final Online access Yes Diffusion PUBLIC Nature of deliverable Workpackage WP8 Partner responsible CNRS-MARBEC Author(s) Editor Approved by EC Project Officer Behzad Mostajir, Sébastien Mas, David Parin and Francesca Vidussi (Partner 10) Jens Nejstgaard (IGB) Agnes Robin Abstract Keywords LAMP Sensor System, automated sensors, temperature, conductivity, oxygen, fluorescence of chlorophyll, light, high frequency data This project has received funding from the s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No

4 Table of Contents 1. Executive summary Current status and aims for LAMP Sensor System Current status of LAMP Sensor System Dissemination activities related with the Deliverable AQUACOSM INFRA N Page 4 of 13

5 1. Executive summary In mesocosm studies, generally water is sampled for various analyses with the objective to study the effect of various experimental manipulations on the biological assemblages and chemical parameters. The added values of using sensors in the mesocosms are firstly to provide information in real time for some physical, chemical and biological parameters directly on untouched water in the mesocosms under various experimental treatments, and secondly to monitor these parameters in high temporal resolution. To do this, partner 10 CNRS-MARBEC during the FP7 European project MESOAQUA developed a system (LAMP Sensor System) consisting of commercial sensors combined with electronic devices and adapted software to obtain high frequency data which is transmitted to a hub in real time via RF. In the frame of AQUACOSM project the LAMP Sensor System and associated data loggers will be further implemented to a more robust and enhanced system with the possibility to include new sensors and to monitor up to six mesocosms. The first objective of LAMP Sensor System development and enhancement is to be able to miniaturize this system and adapt it to mesocosms with different diameters, including the new low-cost AQUACOSM, which is currently in development in WP7. The second aim is to test the adaptability of sensors, data logger and electronic components of this system to different conditions in the laboratory and in natural mesocosm systems from natural Mediterranean marine environment to cold (around and below 0 C) water. Particular testing scenarios include winter conditions in Umeå, Sweden, during winter Moreover, the LAMP Sensor System will be employed and tested in the frame of WP9 in a joint mesocosm experiment in Svalbard. In this report, we present the current status of the LAMP Sensor System and the detail of different steps and tests to go ahead toward the enhanced LAMP Sensor System which will be also adapted to operate in cold environments. 2. Current status and aims for LAMP Sensor System 2.1 Current status of LAMP Sensor System LAMP Sensor System comprises i) a pack of sensors, ii) mixing system, iii) data acquisition, storage and transmission system, and iv) power system. The sensor Pack comprises temperature, conductivity, oxygen and Chlorophyll a fluorescence (Chl a) sensors (Fig. 1). AQUACOSM INFRA N Page 5 of 13

6 Figure 1. LAMP Sensor Pack. A pump insures the gentle mix and homogenization of water column in the mesocosm. The turnover rate of this pump can be controlled and adjusted. Acquisition, storage and transmission of data are undertaken by each one data logger per mesocosm to firstly store all data from each mesocosm and secondly to transmit the data to a powerful central data logger which collects data from all mesocosms. This latter central data logger is established on an in situ Observatory platform which is showed in Figure 2. AQUACOSM INFRA N Page 6 of 13

7 Figure 2. Detail of LAMP in situ Observatory. LAMP in situ Observatory platform comprises a weather station and a pack of sensor (temperature and Chl a) immerged not in the mesocosm but in the natural surrounding water of the mesocosms. A solar panel provides the necessary power for immerged sensors, weather station and the main data logger. The main data logger transmits the data at real time from all mesocosms and from the in situ observatory to a remote PC based on land or on a ship in the vicinity of the LAMP. Figure 3 shows a general view of the LAMP with the position of sensors, mixing system, data loggers, in situ Observatory system and power supplies. AQUACOSM INFRA N Page 7 of 13

8 Figure 3. Schematic presentation of LAMP and its sensor system. LAMP and its Sensor System were successfully tested in the Mediterranean Sea (Fig. 4, Mostajir et al. 2013, L&O: Methods ). Figure 4. LAMP deployment in the Bay of Dia Island in the Cretan Sea (Mostajir et al. 2013). AQUACOSM INFRA N Page 8 of 13

9 2.2 Aim for LAMP Sensor System development in AQUACOSM Choice of the sensors The aim of LAMP Sensor System development during AQUACOSM project was explained in the summary of this report. To reach these objectives, the choice of the best sensors was the first step. From the beginning of the AQUACOSM project, Partner 10 studied different types of sensors. As the LAMP Sensor System was developed for sensors to be immerged in the water column of the mesocosms, chemical sensors, i.e. with chemical reactive that could pollute the mesocosm were excluded. As an example, sensors that measure nutrients involving reagents and colorimetric methods are not considered here. To demonstrate the LAMP Sensor System and discuss developments with WP8 AQUACOSM Partners, Partner 10 organized a Workshop specifically dedicated to the LAMP Sensor System in Sète, France from 19 to 20 June Workshop on the LAMP Sensor System, Sète, France, June 2017 The participants on this workshop were: partners 5 (RF-Sens), 10 (CNRS-MARBEC), 12 (WCL) and 16 (SYKE). During this workshop, LAMP Sensor System was demonstrated and discussed thoroughly. The program of this Workshop was as follow. Monday 19 June h30 12h00. Demonstration of LAMP Sensor System by deploying a mesocosm to the lagoon including the LAMP Sensors. Starting the presentation of the LAMP Sensors by partner 10 (CNRS-MARBEC). A set of Lamp Sensors will be available in the conference room. - 14h00 18h00. Continue the presentation of the LAMP Sensors by partner 10: Characteristics, calibrations, best practice and standard procedures (link with WP2 and 4). Presentation of sensors which will be acquired by Partner 10 in the frame of AQUACOSM project. Continue discussion. Tuesday 20 June h00 12h00. Presentation of LAMP Sensor System improvement by Partner Presentation of the data acquisition, management, etc. of the LAMP Sensor System and its present configuration by Partner Presentation of RF-SENS and their potential role in the WP8 and propositions by Partner h00 18h00. Discussion on LAMP development continues, especially regarding links to WP7&WP9 (all partners). - Common sensors & parameters between LAMP Sensor System & AQUABOX by partners 10 & 16 (SYKE) - Presentation of progress with Chemostat setup by Partner 12 (WCL) Acquisition of the new sensors AQUACOSM INFRA N Page 9 of 13

10 The choice of new sensors to further develop the LAMP Sensor System was based on thorough discussions about characteristics of available sensors between the participants in WP8 from the beginning of the project, including during the Workshop in Sète (June 2017). The final choice of sensors was communicated to all partners in WP8 in order to ensure comparability of systems developed in WP (LAMP Sensor System) and (AquaBox). Regarding the budget allocated to Partner 10 for acquisition of the sensors ( Euros), 6 Packs of sensors have been purchased and delivered. Each pack of optical and physical, chemical, and biological sensors includes the following sensors: Three temperature sensors. Thermistor probe 107, Campbell Scientific Ltd., range: - 35 to +55 C, accuracy: < 0.2 C. They can be installed at surface, middle and bottom of the mesocosm. An electromagnetic induction conductivity sensor. Aanderaa Data Instrument AS, range: 0-75 ms/cm, accuracy: ± ms/cm. An oxygen Optode sensor. Aanderaa Data Instrument AS, range: µm and accuracy: < 8 µm for oxygen concentration, range: 0-150% and accuracy: < 5% for air saturation. An ECO-FLrt chlorophyll fluorometer. WETLabs/Sea-Bird scientific, 470/695 nm Ex/Em, range: 0-50 µg/l, accuracy: 0.02 µg/l. A LI-193SA Spherical underwater quantum sensor. LI-COR Biosciences GmbH, measuring photosynthetically active radiation (PAR: nm) from all directions. The pack of sensors can be immerged at the mid-depth of the mesocosm and acquires high frequency data during the mesocosm experiment. Relative to previous LAMP Sensor System, we add a A LI-193SA Spherical underwater quantum sensor to the sensor pack in order to monitor also the PAR received at the middle depth of the mesocosm. This information combined with those come from the meteorological station, which monitor the incident PAR received at the surface of the mesocosm, allows the calculation of PAR attenuation in the water column of the mesocosm equipped with the LAMP Sensor System Improvement of data acquisition and storage system Presently, all data collected by the sensors monitoring each mesocosm and those of the in situ Observatory are saved in an independent data logger (CR1000). Each data logger then send all data to a hub collector (CR3000) that save and transmit them to a remote PC on a nearby vessel or on land. The acquisition-control system saving data collected by sensors of each mesocosm (including those of the in situ Observatory ) comprise a data logger for storage (CR1000, Campbell), a data radio-transmission module and a turnover control module for the pump. All connections with probes are waterproof and all of this system is protected by a relatively large PVC tube (60 cm long and 9 cm diameter). During the activity of WP8 the present/previous acquisition-control system will be enhanced by miniaturization, using microcontroller based on Arduino and a data bluetooth transmission module. The turn over control module AQUACOSM INFRA N Page 10 of 13

11 and the electric converter remain unchanged. In this way, the acquisition-control system will be considerably reduced. A Figure 5. The acquisition-control system. A) Present system (60 x 5 cm) which will be miniaturized using (B) the microcontroller based on Arduino and data bluetooth transmission module. B Improvement of power supply The detail for energy consumption of the LAMP Sensor System for every 2 minutes path sampling is: - For the sensors about 2 to 3 ma, - For the data logger about 28 ma, - For the meteorological station 0.15 ma, and - For the pump in its maximal flow rate 1 A. The pump consumes the most energy. When the LAMP Sensor System where deployed in the sea, a car battery with a capacity of about 60 A was used, and had to be changed every 2 days to provide enough power. The pump assuring the mixing and homogeneity of water column of the mesocosm which allows fixing the sensor pack at mid depth of the mesocosm therefore; data acquired are representative of the mesocosm water column. The use of a pump for the water column mixing can be neglected if the LAMP Sensor System is installed in an environment in which the mesocosm water column mixing is assured by the natural waves of the surrounding water of the mesocosm, or by another mixing method which does not need an high energy supply. If the pump is not used, the LAMP Sensor System can be supplied by a battery of a normal cellular telephone or of a Drone with the capacity of about 5 A during almost 7 days. 2.3 Work plan for adaptation of LAMP Sensor System to cold conditions AQUACOSM INFRA N Page 11 of 13

12 As explained previously, the current LAMP Sensor System and data acquisition-transmission system have been successfully tested in the Mediterranean environments. However, the LAMP Sensors and associated electronics have never been tested at low temperatures in particular around 0 C which is one of the aims of the AQUACOSM project. Currently, all new sensors have been purchased by Partner 10 and delivered and some items of the below Work Plan are under achievement. Work Plan for fall 2017 and for the year 2018 consists on: - acquisition of electronic and other small components - cabling the sensors - test of each received sensor - design and do construct the sensor supports like that of CTD sensor support - assemblage of sensors as a pack around sensor support - test of LAMP Sensor System (without pump) with the new power supply - test of good functioning of LAMP Sensor System for each of sensor pack and data acquisition/transmission system in the laboratory using water with ambient water temperature - test of functioning of LAMP Sensor System in the laboratory exposing it to cold water (by addition of ice) - test of functioning of LAMP Sensor System by putting the components in the freezer! - test of good functioning of LAMP Sensor System in the natural Mediterranean water (lagoon) for several days. If the results of these tests for the LAMP Sensor System simulating the cold water and cold weather in the laboratory are successful, the next test will be realized in natural cold water conditions. Partner 1 and collaborators is constructing currently the new low-cost AQUACOSM mesocosm in the frame of WP7. Conjointly with other partners, we (partner 10) envisage to install the LAMP Sensor System in an AQUACOSM mesocosm during winter 2018 to realize several days of high frequency data acquisition in a natural cold water and cold weather in Umeå in Sweden. As previously mentioned, ultimately LAMP Sensor System will be tested in the frame of WP9 in joint mesocosm experiment in Svalbard AQUACOSM INFRA N Page 12 of 13

13 3. Dissemination activities related with the Deliverable Please refer to Also within the framework of the Workshop on LAMP Sensor System, held at Sète, France, June 2017, news about the workshop were communicated through the normal social media (Twitter) and featured in the AQUACOSM Newsletter 01. AQUACOSM INFRA N Page 13 of 13