Analysis of innovative concepts for WECs - Boris Teillant

Transcription

1 Analysis of innovative concepts for WECs - Boris Teillant WavEC Offshore Renewables

2 State-of-the-art & motivation Status of wave energy No fully commercial Wave Energy Converter (WEC) after 30 years of intense R&D No evidence of technological convergence: still a wide variety of WEC concepts (design, working principle, location of interest) including new entrants Major industrial setbacks (OceanLinx, Pelamis, Wavebob, etc ) VS only few milestones achieved (Seabased, Carnegie, etc ) Many experts reckon the need for disruptive solutions and breakthroughs No standard method for holistic lifecycle performance analysis of WECs (power matrix, LCOE, NPV, IRR, EROEI, TPL etc ) This project concerns the viability of implementing innovative concepts for wave energy conversion: e.g novel materials or PTO systems, innovative solutions for survivability, installation and O&M strategies 2

3 Methodology Methodology Description of: PTO system Mooring system Control system Strategies for: M&A T&I O&M (reliability) Decommissioning Resource data Design specs Array layout Wave-towire model Cost drivers System loads & dynamics Power matrix Lifecycle model CAPEX OPEX Energy production Economic & risk model LCOE Risk indicator Components & infrastructure data Market data 3

4 Lifecycle logistic model Overview Model estimating CAPEX, OPEX and AEP over the project lifetime Time-based marine operation simulator -> DTOcean EU FP7 project: Focus on A&I and O&M phases: 1. Characterization of the logistic requirements 2. Selection of the suitable maritime infrastructure (port/vessel/equipment) 3. Performance assessment of the feasible solutions in terms of time efficiency and costs 4

5 Lifecycle logistic model Weather window Example box-plot monthly accessibility Limit in Hs = 2m Limit in wind speed = 12 m/s Waiting time depending on the total duration of the marine operation: Triple average waiting time if mission last 12 hours instead of 6 hours 5

6 Lifecycle logistic model Sensitivity analysis & Gantt chart Schedule Sea Operation Time [h] Schedule Sea Transit Time [h] Schedule Waiting Time [h] Schedule Preparation Time [h] Schedule Total Time [h] Vessel Positioning Time [h] 6

7 Lifecycle logistic model Verification Optimal V&E Solution Installation Vessel Installation Module Output Quantity x Type [DB id] 1 x Cable Laying Vessel [9] DBE Estimate Cost Quantity x Type Cost /day 1 x Cable Laying Vessel /day Comparison with a pilot farm of TEC against preliminary calculations of a maritime contractor Support Vessel 2 x Multicat [55] /day - - Installation Equipment Support Equipment x Split Pipes [1] 1 x Inspection ROV [2] TIME VARIABLES 445 /unit 5000 x Iron Casing 300 /unit /day - - Verification of the weather window calculation with Mermaid software (4 locations, various combinations of OLC) COST VARIABLES Port Preparation Time Vessel Cost Port Waiting time Sea Installation Time Sea Transit Time Total Time Model Output DBE estimate Equipment Cost Port Cost Total Cost 0 1,000,000 2,000,000 3,000,000 4,000,000 5,000,000 6,000,000 7,000,000 8,000,000 Installation Module Output DBE Estimate 7

8 Lifecycle logistic model Ongoing work (journal paper) Investigate the potential lifecycle benefit of enabling technologies for the electrical and mechanical connections of arrays of WECs e.g: Wet-mate connectors, Modular gravity based anchors such as rocky bags & metallic blocks, New tools such as vibro-drivers & robotic arms Fit-for purpose vessels, Novel attachment and disconnection systems and processes 8

9 Dielectric elastomer generator Overview Techno economic analysis of PolyWECs EU FP7 PolyWEC project 9

10 Dielectric elastomer generator Pico plant LCOE comparison Even with very conservative assumptions for the failure rates (i.e full replacement every 6- months) or on the cost of the DEG (15 /kg), LCOE is between 20 and 50% lower LCOE 10

11 Dielectric elastomer generator Other PolyWECs Poly-Surge Poly-U-OWC Drum-WEC p atm h c S a Control volume h l h 0 h t z cm p a 11

12 Dielectric elastomer generator Sensitivity analysis on the Poly-U-OWC Indicator CAPEX OPEX CW CWR LCOE Unit [ /MW] [ /MW/year] [MWh] [kw] [%] [%] [m] [%] [ /MWh] Reference case: - currrently realistic rubber DEG-PTO - collector struture (a) 4,30E+06 2,39E+04 1,13E+07 40,48 13% 11% 1,12 16% 514,17 Structural case (b) Silicone based DEG-PTO 4,34E+06 2,41E+04 1,13E+07 40,48 13% 11% 1,12 16% 519,32-1% -1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% -1% 4,30E+06 2,39E+04 1,48E+07 53,03 18% 14% 1,46 21% 392,46 0% 0% 31% 31% 31% 31% 31% 31% 24% 4,30E+06 2,39E+04 1,40E+07 50,11 17% 13% 1,38 20% 415,34 Enhanced rubber DEG-PTO 1 0% 0% 24% 24% 24% 24% 24% 24% 19% 4,30E+06 2,39E+04 1,85E+07 66,03 22% 18% 1,82 26% 315,16 Enhanced rubber DEG-PTO 2 0% 0% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 39% 12

13 Dielectric elastomer generator Comparative study between Poly-U-OWC & Drum-WEC Performance metrics: AEP, average power, capacity factor, CWR, etc Performance metric Unit Poly-U-OWC DrumWEC Values in the literature [min, mean, max] [kwh] N/A [kw] N/A ity [%] [5, 15, 60] [%] N/A CW [m] N/A CWR [%] [7, 29, 72] Techno-economic indicators: CAPEX ( /MW), OPEX ( /MW/year) & LCOE LCOE [ /MWh] CAPEX [ /MW] OPEX [ /kw/year] Poly-U-OWC DrumWEC Offshore wind ,000 3, Tidal ,000 5, Wave (pre-commercial stage) ,000 7, Wave (commercial stage) ,000 4,

14 Dielectric elastomer generator Ongoing work (journal paper) On the techno-economic potential of DEG for wave energy conversion 4 different PolyWECs Comparative study with existing WECs or against literature data Extensive sensitivity analysis Current projections are positive but further R&D is required to strengthen the confidence in the results Implementing the TPL or related stage-gate metric system to complement this holistic appraisal 14

15 Early stage ideas Overview H2020 WETFEET project Apply the integrated technoeconomic mode to the most promising breakthroughs: Negative springs Submergence for survivability Structural membrane Control cocoon New PTOs (tetra-radial turbine, novel water turbine & DEG) Array breakthroughs (rigid and non-rigid connections) Alternative structural materials Off-grid applications 15

16 Early stage ideas Negative spring Extension of the bandwidth and a shift in the response to lower frequencies can be observed WaveSpring system embedded in a WaveStar-like, a pitching and a heaving WEC Tradeoff between increased efficiency (or reduced stiffness->smaller structures) and added-complexity 16

17 Early stage ideas Review paper on 2 nd generation of PTOs for WECs *Figure adapted from Têtu et al. Handbook of WE Chapter 4 17

18 Early stage ideas Overview Consolidate the framework for the TPL assessment and functional requirements 18

19 Dissemination Conference papers [1] B. Teillant, P. Chainho, A. Raventós, V. Nava, and H. Jeffrey, A decision supporting tool for the lifecycle logistics of ocean energy arrays, in 5th International Conference on Ocean Energy, [2] B. Teillant, A. Raventós, P. Chainho, A. Sarmento, and H. Jeffrey, Characterization of the logistic requirements for the marine renewable energy sector, in 1st International Conference on Renewable Energies Offshore, [3] B. Teillant, M. Vicente, G. Pietro Rosati Papini, G. Moretti, R. Vertechy, M. Fontana, K. Monk, and M. Alves, Techno-economic comparison between air turbines and dielectric elastomer generators as power take off for oscillating water column wave energy converters, in 11th European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference, [4] B. Teillant, Y. Debruyne, A. Sarmento, R. Gomes, L. Gato, M. Fontana, M. Philippe, A. Combourieu, Integration of breakthrough concepts into the OWC spar buoy, in 2nd International Conference on Renewable Energies Offshore,

20 Dissemination Project deliverables DemoWFloat: Deliverable D4.4 DTOcean: D2.4, D4.5, D5.1, D5.2, D5.3, D5.4, D5.5, D5.6, D7.2, D7.3 & D7.5 (D1.2, D2.1, D4.3, D6.1, D6.2 & D7.1) PolyWEC: Deliverables D1.3, D5.3 & D5.4 WETFEET: Deliverables D2.1, D2.2, D2.3, D7.1, D7.2 & D7.3 Other activities INORE symposia 2014, 2015 (attendee) & 2016 (organization), B2B meetings: ICOE 2014 & 2016, Thetis 2015 & WavEC seminar IST PhD courses & ISSSD2 PhD course AAU Lecturing techno-economic analysis of offshore renewables for the EUREC master classes Supervising 4 MSc/MEng thesis: Tiago Rocha, Clara Vrousos, Eric Guardiola & Christian Lorenzo 20

21 Thank you for listening! Boris Teillant WavEC Offshore Renewables 21