CHOOSING THE RIGHT RFID TECH FOR MANUFACTURING

Transcription

1 CHOOSING THE RIGHT RFID TECH FOR MANUFACTURING 1

2 Choosing the Right RFID Technology for Manufacturing and Harsh Environments Richard Aufreiter, HID Global Visit us at Booth #722 2

3 An ASSA ABLOY Company The global leader in door opening solutions Operations in more than 70 countries $ 7.3 billion annual sales 20+ years contactless technology development and manufacturing 45+ years manufacturing experience Top recognized brand in access control industry, acquired affiliated product brands employees Over 1.5 billion RFID products sold

4 Why RFID? Optimize efficiency and cost - Save labor and time - Reduce production line errors - Automated machine configuration - Automated inventory / lifecycle information Monitor and improve quality - Reduce human error - Monitor equipment performance - Track process flow, failure data and quality

5 Application Structure Tag Passive or active RFID in multiple frequency bands optional sensors, NFC Barcode 1D, 2D Infrastructure Stationary or handheld RFID Reader, NFC phone Wifi, Bluetooth Middleware Server, Database Software Application User Terminal, user interface and associated processes

6 How to pick RFID Tags Frequency LF, HF, UHF Chip / Memory Affixation method Glue, weld, screw, clamp, plug-in, embed...

7 Frequency Selection There is no single frequency able to fulfill all requirements of any high volume application Standards and regulations need to be considered for any application aside functional parameters System parameters e.g. Read range required Costs of tags/labels and readers Existing Know How Integration possibilities at given location Environmental conditions like metal, humidity, tag orientation, number of tags concurrently in the reader field etc. Memory capacity and read/write speed - need to be fulfilled

8 Electromagnetic Spectrum As the frequency increases - The amount of data transfer per second increases - Radio waves behave more like light - Ability to penetrate materials diminishes

9 Data Transfer Rate Main Characteristics of RFID LF (125/134.2 khz) HF (13.56 MHz) UHF ( MHz) Ac9ve Tags (2.45 GHz) Memory Capacity Opera9ng Range An9- Collision Speed n/a or Maintenance- free Opera9on Water / Humidity Metal Environment or or

10 Environment Influence on Tag Energy holes (UHF) Energy holes are unavoidably created, because the radio waves from reader are reflected from nearby objects these reflected waves contribute in a destructive manner at the tag position Direct wave (goodwave)!!! ENERGY HOLE!!!!!!! TAG IS BADLY READ IN THIS POSITION!!! READER 4 W EIRP* TAG Reflected wave (bad wave) FLOOR

11 Environment Influence on Tag Energy absorbing or detuning objects Energy absorbing objects (door, wall, human being, water anything) would absorb the radio waves energy from reader before they reach the tag air Object READER Example: UHF label affixed on various materials In AIR (non laminated) 6 m After 0.8 mm PVC lamination - 10 % Tag affixed on plastic - 15 % Tag affixed on glass - 10 % Card in leather wallet - 50 % On metal % In water % TAG

12 Read Range vs. Bending Bending Radius Read Range EU (m) US (m) JPN (m) flat 9,1 8, mm 8, mm 7,5 6,8 6,5 100 mm 6,4 5,6 5,5 50 mm 5, mm 4,2 4 4,15 20 mm 4 4 3,9 10 mm The tag beam focus is the one shown in the screenshot. The reader antenna main beam focus is in line with the shown tag beam focus.

13 UHF Bands and Read Ranges Monoband Tag (US) Broadband Tag Broadband tag specialized for on-metal use, affected by environment

14 Good all purpose Tags show similar Curves in many Environments

15 How to pick rugged RFID Tags

16 ATEX Zones Picture by: Zones 1 (gas) or 21 (dust) (area in which under normal operation a potentially explosive atmosphere can occasionally form)

17 ATEX Certified Tags Safe for potentially explosive environments E.g. An ATEX certification of II 2G Ex ia IIA T5 Gb means: - II all other explosive areas (all except mining) - 2 can be used in zones 1 or 21 (area in which under normal operation a potentially explosive atmosphere can occasionally form) - G Gas (as opposed to D Dust) - Ex ATEX certified - ia intrinsic safety (permitted for zone 0) The development of inadmissibly high temperatures, ignition sparks and arcs are avoided due to the restriction of energy in the circuit - IIA Explosion group like Propane - T5 212 F / 100 C - Gb Equipment Protection Level (EPL) = Zone 1 or 21

18 IP 66, 67, 68, 69K IP rating is defined in 2 steps - First digit is Solid Particle Protection, where 1 means particles >50mm cannot enter e.g. a fist or hand, up to 6 which means dust tight - Second digit is for Liquid Protection, where 1 means Dripping water 7 means can be short term submerged under water 8 means can be long term submerged under water (e.g. housing does not assimilate or soak in water over time) IP68 is typically associated with waterproof and tested by submerging the tag for 24h in a ~2m (6 ft) deep water basin

19 IP69K Water Resistance IP68 (aka waterproof ) Tag can be submerged under water continuously for a defined duration IP69K Spray nozzle that is fed with 176 F / 80 C hot water at 8 10 Mpa ( bar) and a flow rate of L/min. The nozzle is held cm from the tested device at angles of 0, 30, 60 and 90 for 30s each. The test device sits on a turntable that rotates once every 12s (5 rpm)

20 Impact Resistance IK rating is defined in EN 62262, measured in Joule Values range from IK00 (not tested) to IK10 Polyamide object for IK 6, steel for IK 7. E.g. IK04: Drop of 200g poyamide object from 9.8 in / 25 cm (0.5J) IK09: Drop of 5kg steel object from 7.8 in / 20 cm (10J) IK10: Drop of 5kg steel object from 15.7 in / 40 cm (20J)

21 Flame Resistance - UL94 Hx Video: UL 94 HB = IEC (former ISO 1210) A specimen is supported in a horizontal position and is tilted at 45. A flame is applied to the end of the specimen for 30 seconds or until the flame reaches the 1 inch mark Material shall stop burning after flame is removed Material shall not melt or leave burning drops Different levels of flame resistance specified (HB, H2, H1, H0) Typically tested on housing material by material vendor

22 Force & Vibration Tags are compressed with a defined force measured in Newton (N) for a defined time (usually 10 sec.) 1 N is the force of Earth's gravity on a mass of about 100 g = ( kg) Most tags are tested for N force from different sides Vibration IEC tested with shaking table Shock IEC sudden acceleration, deceleration

23 Some Other Tag Tests and many more... Thermal Tests Drop Tests Bending Tests Twist Tests Washing Tests

24 HID Offering in RFID Tags HID covers all major frequencies to suit various applications HID products support chips from all major manufacturers like Swiss engineering combined with HID-owned Malaysian, fully automated, ISO 9001:2008 certified production plant ensures affordable top quality Custom design services help system integrators to create innovative or specialized RFID solutions across the world LF HF UHF

25 Richard Aufreiter, PM Visit us at Booth #722 25